Body composition and lung function in adults with Cystic Fibrosis
Aleksandra JohnJoanna Goździk-SpychalskaM DurdaWojciech CzaińskiMarta GębalaJolanta WlizłoHalina Batura‐GabryelAnita Szwed
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Abstract:
The study aimed to assess: (1) differences in nutritional status and lung function between CF patients and the control group; (2) differences in body composition and lung function between groups of patients with CF designated by type of mutation; (3) the relationship between lung function and body composition in CF patients.
We studied 37 CF patients aged 19 to 51 years, and 41 healthy non-CF volunteers. Nutritional status was evaluated based on the BMI and the bioelectrical impedance analysis. The lung function was described by FEV1%. CF patients were classified according to the CFTR genotype based on five classes of mutations.
BMI were lower in CF patients compared to reference group (women: Z = 3.76, p <0.001, men: Z = 3.06, p = 0.002). CF patients had a lower mean content of particular body components, as well as FEV1% values. BMI differed significantly depending on the type of mutation in females (H = 10.33, p = 0.006) and males (H = 8.26, p = 0.016). The lowest values of BMI were observed in the group of patients with severe types of mutations. Also, variables describing body composition were statistically significantly lower in patients with a severe type of mutations. The CFTR gene mutation type statistically significantly differentiated FEV1% (H = 23.22, p <0.000). The results of the logistic regression analysis showed that the likelihood of dropping FEV1% below the norm was twice as high in undernourished females and males.
To assess the nutritional status of CF patients, more informative methods describing the proportions of body components are required.Keywords:
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
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the interest in the direct assessment of adiposity is increasing. The aim was to assess fat mass and lean mass by bioelectrical impedance, and to analyze the correlation between percentage Body Fat-body mass index and percentage Body Fat-WC, and determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a sample of school-age children.a cross-sectional study was performed in 360 children; differences between the sexes were assessed by independent t-test. Prevalence of overweight and obesity were calculated according to body mass index and two percentage body fat-based cutoffs.there was no significant gender difference in body mass index (p = 0.91), while the boys were both taller and presented more abdominal obesity but with lower mean percentage body fat (p < 0.00). The body mass index criteria show a higher prevalence for overweight and obesity in boys (12.7 % and 17.7 %) than girls (12 % and 13.9 %).it is an urgent need to implement preventive actions among school children to decrease the prevalence of childhood obesity, which constitutes an important health problem in Mexico.
Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis
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Body adiposity index
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Comparison of Body Composition and Body Mass Index in the Determination of Obesity in Schoolchildren
The determination of obesity that develops with an increase in the percentage of fat in the body may not always be possible in the real sense with body mass index, which is frequently used in practice. This study aimed to compare the results obtained from body mass index and bioelectrical impedance analysis measurements in evaluating obesity in Turkish school-aged children using age-related percentile curves.The study included 1127 children (604 boys and 523 girls) recruited from a screening of the schools in the city center of Isparta between May 20 and June 20, 2014. Body mass index was calculated, and the variables of fat mass, body fat percentage, fat-free body mass, and total body water were measured with a Tanita BC-418 MA device.According to the body mass index values, 23.8% of the study sample was overweight/ obese, and according to bioelectrical impedance analysis, this rate was 14.7%. When examined by gender, males' overweight/obese ratio was 19.9% (overweight 11.3% and obese 8.6%) according to body mass index and 12.9% (overweight 7.1% and obese 5.8%) using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. In females, the overweight/obese ratio was 19% (overweight 9.4%, obese 9.6%) according to body mass index and 16.7% (overweight 9.6% and obese 7.1%) using the bioelectrical impedance analysis method.The results obtained from the weight-based body mass index method were not consistent with the body fat percentage results obtained with the bioelectrical impedance analysis method. Since the fat ratio is also crucial in evaluating obesity, care should be taken when diagnosing obesity using body mass index only.
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Body mass index is often used to assess adiposity but it does not differentiate between fat and non-fat components of body mass. However, body fat composition may be assessed using bioelectrical impedance analysis.The study aimed to relate body mass index to fat in the assessment of overweight and obesity among adolescent Nigerians.Adolescent pupils aged 10 years to 18 years from randomly selected secondary schools in Lagos, Nigeria were studied. Body mass index was calculated while percentage body fat was measured using Tanita body® fat scale model BF 681. Overweight and obesity were defined using age and sex specific criteria for body mass index and for body fat.There were 753 pupils {377(50.1%) males and 376(49.9%) females}. The overall mean values of body mass index for males and females were 18.1±2.72 and 18.9±3.41 (p < 0.05) respectively. The corresponding figures for body fat were 9.5±4.48 and 18.9±7.51 (p<0.05) respectively. About three quarters (76.2%) of the females who had body mass index in the overweight and obesity range had high body fat in comparison to 44.4% of males (p < 0.05).Body mass index is more related to body fat in adolescent females than in their male counterparts.
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