Evaluation of Different Level of Vermicompost on Yield and Yield Components of Wheat at Vertisols of L/Machew District
Weldegebriel GebrehiwotTewolde BerheTsadik TadeleKinfe TekuluGeberesemaeti KahsuSolomon MebrahtomSamrawit MebrahtuGoitom AregawiGidena TasewAklil Gebremedhin
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A field experiment was carried out to evaluate different rates of vermicompost, and inorganic NPS(Nitrogen-Phosphate Fertilizer With Sulphur) fertilizers for wheat production in 2015-2017 main cropping seasons at L/machew district of the Tigray Regional State. There were five systematically combined rates of vermicompost and one rate of NPS treatments during the study. The experimental design was randomized complete block with three replications. Surface soil samples were collected before planting to analyze selected soil properties. The textural class of the soil was clay. The pH of the soil was rated under moderately acidic. Available P was rated under medium in most of the experimental sites while total N was low in all experimental sites. The treatments significantly affected crop phenology, yield and yield components of wheat. Thus tallest plant height was found from treatments that received 100kg/ha NPS, followed by 8.75t/ha vermicompost which resulted in (73.25cm) while the shortest plant (62.73cm) was obtained from control plots, respectively. Highest mean wheat grain yield (2642.8kg/ha) was obtained in response to 100kg NPS from inorganic fertilizer application followed by the second highest dose of vermicompost (7t/ha) with grain yield of 2620 kg/ha. At the wheat plants grown in plot received vermicompost compost at 7t/ha of vermicompost increased the grain yield by 67.78% over the control. Though highest grain yield was obtained from highest dose of vermicompost the partial budget analysis shows that the highest marginal rate of return (456) was obtained from 3.5t/ha VC ha-1 plus 100kg/ha urea at the study area.Keywords:
Vertisol
The core objective of conducting the current study was to evaluate the chemical compositions of different composts and their effect on wheat yield. Mineral matter content, ash and moisture were higher in all enriched composts and vermicompost in comparison to conventional compost whereas as total organic carbon, water soluble carbon and C:N ratio were higher in conventional compost.There was higher variation in the content of nutrients in different composts as that of the conventional one but nitrogen and phosphorus were higher in nitrogen enriched phosphorous-compost and phosphorous enriched vermicompost. Zinc was higher in nitrogen enriched phosphorous-compost, vermicompost and phosphorous enriched vermicompost whereas manganese was higher in vermicompost and phosphorous enriched vermicompost. Biochemical quality stated that conventional compost had lesser amount of total phenol, alkaline and acid phosphatase enzyme activity but higher dehydrogenase activity than those of enriched composts. The more dehydrogenase activity in conventional compost is an indicator of partial decomposition. The time period of decomposition was almost similar (120 ± 5 days) among the enriched composts, whereas in case of conventional compost, decomposition period was 160 ± 10 days.Crop yield was lower in conventional compost but highest yield was obtained by supplying nitrogen enriched phosphorous-compost and phosphorous enriched vermicompost, nitrogen enriched phosphorous-compost provided yield at par to inorganic fertilizer application at 90 kg ha-1 N, 20 kg ha-1 P and 20 kg ha-1 K.
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The aim of present study was to evaluate the chemical and biochemical quality of various enriched composts prepared by heap and pit methods and compare it with conventional compost. The various composts viz., phosphocompost (PC), nitrogen-enriched phosphocompost (NPC), vermicompost (VC) and phosphorus-enriched vermicompost (PVC) were compared with conventional compost. These composts were produced by using chemical amendment in case of chemically-enriched compost whereas vermicompost was prepared by inoculating the epigeic earthworms Eisenia foetida and Perionyx excavatus with and without rock phosphate. The mineral matter content (ash %) was higher in all the enriched composts in comparison to conventional compost. The total organic C and water-soluble carbon were lower, whereas, total mineral constituents (NPK) were higher in the enriched compost and vermicompost. In general, there was no significant variation in the content of macro-and micronutrients between phosphorus-enriched vermicompost and the other chemically-enriched composts; however, vermicompost prepared by only earthworm inoculation was slightly better than conventional compost. The period of decomposition was almost the same (105±10 days) among the enriched composts, whereas, in case of coventional compost, the decomposition period was 175±5 days. As regards biochemical quality of the composts, it was found that conventional compost exhibited less amount of total phenol, alkaline and acid phosphatase enzyme activities, but a higher dehydrogenase activity. The greater dehydrogenase activity in case of conventional compost is an indicator of partial decomposition of the compost. There was no variation in terms of chemical and biochemical constituents whether the method of compost preparation is by heap or pit methods. Although, the vermicompost was better than conventional compost, it could be still further improved by rock phosphate enrichment.
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This chapter highlights the effects of NPK fertilizers, FYM and Vermicompost on growth and yield attributed of okra. A field experiment was conducted in the year 2022 during the Kharif season at research farm of Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Prayagraj (Allahabad) 211007 U.P., India. The design applied for statistical analysis was carried out with randomized block design having three levels of NPK @ 0, 50 and 100% ha-1, three levels of FYM @ 0, 50 and 100% ha-1 and three levels of Vermicompost @ 0, 50 and 100% ha-1 respectively. The soil experimental area was sandy loam in texture. The design was laid out in randomized block design with three levels of NPK (0, 50, & 100%), three levels of FYM and three levels of Vermicompost (0, 50, & 100%) respectively. The results obtained with treatment T9-[120:60:50 Kg NPK + 25 t FYM + 6 t Vermicompost] showed highest plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of leaves plants-1, number of fruits plant-1, total fruit per plant. Among the treatments, Organic manures as well as its mixture with full NPK considerably increase in growth and total yield attributes of okra. In contrast to all other treatments, combination of NPK, FYM and Vermicompost at 100% each respectively gave the most significant impact on okra growth. The study revealed that the application of NPK FYM and Vermicompost in treatment was found best in increasing growth and yield of okra.
Abelmoschus
Kharif crop
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Liquid organic fertilizers are organic solutions that are a valuable choice for sustainable agriculture. In addition, these organic forms play a significant role, in integrated waste management strategies. In this study, a one-way analysis of variance, Pearson correlations and principal component analysis were performed on all traits, to compare the responses of sole application of compost, compost tea, vermicompost tea and their combinations on growth, yield of Allium cepa and on soil properties. The results showed that, in most cases with fertilizers treatments, the soil pH, CaCO3 and bulk density were decreased, while soil organic matter, total N, available P and K were increased. A mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost had more desirable effect on plant height, leaves number, plant fresh weight and plant dry weight. Therefore, application of 50% compost tea and 50% vermicompost tea, it is possible to achieve an acceptable total bulb yield ton/ha, total soluble solids %, and dry matter %. While, available P, K in soil and P % in plant were raised when plants treated with teas sole or combined with compost 50%. Using a mixture of 50% compost, 25% compost tea, and 25% vermicompost tea, was a higher nutrient concentration and had a significant impact on onion plants productivity, and on soil properties.
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Dry weight
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Composting is a method that managed by human control which microorganism break down plant and animal materials into more valuable forms suitable for application to soil. Then evolution happen when research show how earthworm play important role in agriculture field which produce better compost called vermicompost. Vermicomposting is a process whereby earthworm is used to convert all type of biodegradable waste such as kitchen waste into nutrient rich organic fertilizer which contain in the excreta of the earthworm.
Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS (UTP) is generating leave wastes at a high volume daily. There is significant potential of carrying vermicomposting for UTP’s leave waste to reduce operation cost in handling waste which UTP usually hired contractors to disposed the leaves. The study aims to identify rapid conversion of leaves waste into vermicompost using hot compost method. Literature review on vermicomposting serve as fundamental and guideline to this project. Discussion about vermicomposting and suggested methodology that have been done by researchers helping this project to run well. At the end of this project, expecting same nutritional vermicompost is produce compare to market vermicompost and to identify rapid conversion using hot compost method.
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Biodegradable waste
Eisenia andrei
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Vermi-compost has higher values of NPK as compared to open pit compost. The NPK contents in vermicompost were 1.66, 0.79 and 0.83% whereas these were 0.49, 0.21, and 0.41% in pit compost respectively.
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Vermicomposting is the scientific method of making compost by using earthworms. It is the cheap and effortless way for producing the organic compost. vermicompost is a backbone for enhancing the organic movement. the research was carried out in the kapilvastu district Nepal under the direction of Dr. Deepak kholiya (A professor of Graphic era hill university).to see the rapid method of vermicomposting and to use animal waste such as cow dung in the effective manner. Eisenia foetida an species of earthworm was used for the conversion of animal waste into the compost. In research we used two methods of vermicomposting i.e.,1. Pit method of size 5*5*3 feet 2. Bed method of size 6*2*2 feet. 200earthworms of same size were introduced in the both methods i.e., body length 3-10 cm body weight 0.4 to0.6 g. The substrate used in vermicomposting is rice straw along with chopped vegetable waste are mixed with the cow dung. Vermicompost sample of both methods are collected. Compost from bed method was collected after 60 days (about 2 months) and pit method was collected after 30-35 days (about 1 month 4 and a half days). both the vermicompost sample were high in nutrient content.
Cow dung
Biodegradable waste
Oligochaeta (plant)
Eisenia andrei
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