Coral recovery after a burial event: insights on coral resilience in a marginal reef
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Keywords:
Coral bleaching
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
Symbiodinium
For comments on taxonomy, we thank S. D. Cairns, B. W. Hoeksema, and B. R. Rosen. We appreciate the following for assistance with museum loans, cataloguing information, and specimen photographs: T. S. Adrain (SUI), K. S. Chua and S. K. Tan (ZRC), A. J. Baldinger (MCZ), A. Andouche and P. Lozouet (MNHN), C. C. Wallace, B. J. Done, and P. R. Muir (MTQ), J. G. Darrell, K. G. Johnson, N. Santodomingo, and H. Taylor (NHMUK), G. Paulay (UF), W. Y. Licuanan and K. S. Luzon (UP), S. D. Cairns, T. Coffer, and T. C. Walter (USNM), Z. T. Richards (WAM), C. Lueter, K. Loch, and W. Loch (ZMB), and M. V. Sorensen and M. T. Tottrup (ZMUC). We also thank M. L. Berumen (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology) for samples from the Red Sea, E. Karsenti (European Molecular Biology Laboratory), E. Bourgois (Tara Oceans Expeditions), and the OCEANS consortium for sampling in Gambier Island and Djibouti during the Tara Oceans Expeditions, A. H. Baird and M. O. Hoogenboom (James Cook University) for specimens from Australia, C. Payri and B. Dreyfus (IRD) for collections in New Caledonia, and the Niugini Biodiversity Expedition and P. Bouchet (MNHN) for specimens from Papua New Guinea, as well as E. Dutrieux (CREOCEAN) and C. H. Chaineau (Total SA) for samples from Yemen. M. Wortel of the Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences Petrographic Facilities at the University of Iowa prepared thin sections. Scanning electron microscopy was performed at the University of Iowa Central Microscopy Research Facility, and also at USNM aided by Caitlin Baker. Y. X. Tee helped to verify the references. Funds were provided by the US National Science Foundation Grants DEB-1145043, 1331980, as well as the National University of Singapore Start-up Grant R-154-000-671-133. Data reported here are available as Supporting Information and in the Corallosphere database.
Scleractinia
Anthozoa
Indo-Pacific
Octocorallia
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Atlantia is described as a new genus pertaining to the family Dendrophylliidae (Anthozoa, Scleractinia) based on specimens from Cape Verde, eastern Atlantic. This taxon was first recognized as Enallopsammia micranthus and later described as a new species, Tubastraea caboverdiana, which then changed the status of the genus Tubastraea as native to the Atlantic Ocean. Here, based on morphological and molecular analyses, we compare fresh material of T. caboverdiana to other dendrophylliid genera and describe it as a new genus named Atlantia in order to better accommodate this species. Evolutionary reconstruction based on two mitochondrial and one nuclear marker for 67 dendrophylliids and one poritid species recovered A. caboverdiana as an isolated clade not related to Tubastraea and more closely related to Dendrophyllia cornigera and Leptopsammia pruvoti. Atlantia differs from Tubastraea by having a phaceloid to dendroid growth form with new corallites budding at an acute angle from the theca of a parent corallite. The genus also has normally arranged septa (not Portualès Plan), poorly developed columella, and a shallow-water distribution all supporting the classification as a new genus. Our results corroborate the monophyly of the genus Tubastraea and reiterate the Atlantic non-indigenous status for the genus. In the light of the results presented herein, we recommend an extensive review of shallow-water dendrophylliids from the Eastern Atlantic.
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
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Scleractinia
Anthozoa
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Scleractinia
Anthozoa
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Six new species of Scleractinia are described according to the characteristics of the skeleton.
Affinities with congeneric species are discussied.
Scleractinia
Anthozoa
Archipelago
Acropora
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Bait sets, sequences, trees and scripts
Anthozoa
Scleractinia
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A new scleractinian coral species, Cyphastreakausti sp. n., is described from 13 specimens from the Red Sea. It is characterised by the presence of eight primary septa, unlike the other species of the genus, which have six, ten or 12 primary septa. The new species has morphological affinities with Cyphastreamicrophthalma, from which it can be distinguished by the lower number of septa (on average eight instead of ten), and smaller calices and corallites. This species was observed in the northern and central Red Sea and appears to be absent from the southern Red Sea.
Scleractinia
Anthozoa
Hermatypic coral
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A new shallow water scleractinian coral species, Echinophyllia tarae sp. n., is described from the Gambier Islands, French Polynesia. It is characterized by an encrusting corallum, a few large and highly variable corallites with protruding walls, and distinctive costosepta. This coral was observed in muddy environments where several colonies showed partial mortality and re-growth. The new species has morphological affinities with both E. echinata and with Echinomorpha nishihirai, from which it can be distinguished on the basis of the diameter and the protrusion of the largest corallite, the thickness of the septa, and the development of the size of the crown of paliform lobes.
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Scleractinia
Indo-Pacific
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Abstract Once considered the most speciose mostly azooxanthellate scleractinian group, the family Caryophylliidae is found to be highly polyphyletic based on molecular data and is undergoing a process of systematic revision. High‐throughput sequencing methods coupled with morphological analyses have facilitated revision of several scleractinian lineages, including the aforementioned family. In previous studies that relied on few mitochondrial and nuclear markers, the caryophylliid genera Stephanocyathus and Vaughanella were phylogenetically recovered in separate clades from the lineage that includes the type genus of the family, Caryophyllia , which is considered the ‘true’ Caryophylliidae. To help untangle the relationship among taxa of this family, here a new deep‐sea scleractinian family (Stephanocyathidae Vaga, Cairns & Kitahara fam. nov.) is proposed based on phylogenomic reconstructions coupled with molecular features, specifically gene order, of the complete mitochondrial genome. Evolutionary reconstructions were based on both mitochondrial and nuclear ultraconserved elements (UCEs) and exon loci data sets and confirmed the divergent position of the genera Stephanocyathus and Vaughanella . The new family shows a specific gene transposition in the mitochondrial genome, not present in the ‘true’ caryophylliid lineage, but instead already observed for the species Paraconotrochus antarcticus , recovered as sister taxon of the here proposed new family. Although its phylogenetic position is unknown, the genus Ericiocyathus is also added to the new family, based on macromorphological similarities. This study represents a step forward in our understanding of deep‐sea corals relationships and provide further information (e.g., mitochondrial gene order) that will aid in future efforts of assessing the systematic of caryophylliid lineages.
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Anthozoa
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Scleractinia
Anthozoa
Octocorallia
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