Progress in research of correlation between microRNA-146a and type 2 diabetes mellitus
0
Citation
0
Reference
20
Related Paper
Abstract:
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a complex disease involving both genetic and environmental factors.Insulin resistance and pancreatic β-cell dysfunction are the two main pathological conditions for type 2 diabetes mellitus.miRNAs belong to a class of small non-coding RNAs that act through modulating genes and proteins expression at post-transcriptional level.It plays important roles in many physiological and biological processes,such as cell proliferation,development,and apoptosis.A number of studies reported the involvement of miR-146a in diabetes,cardiovascular diseases,autoimmune diseases and cancers; however,its role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes is not clear.In this review,we provide a summary on the latest development of miR-146a on the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Key words:
microRNA-146 a ; Type 2 diabetes mellitus ; Insulin resistance ; Pancreatic β-cellKeywords:
Pathogenesis
Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disease widely spread across industrialized countries. Sedentary lifestyle and unhealthy alimentary habits lead to obesity, boosting both glucose and fatty acid in the bloodstream and eventually, insulin resistance, pancreas inflammation and faulty insulin production or secretion, all of them very well-defined hallmarks of type 2 diabetes mellitus. miRNAs are small sequences of non-coding RNA that may regulate several processes within the cells, fine-tuning protein expression, with an unexpected and subtle precision and in time-frames ranging from minutes to days. Since the discovery of miRNA and their possible implication in pathologies, several groups aimed to find a relationship between type 2 diabetes mellitus and miRNAs. Here we discuss the pattern of expression of different miRNAs in cultured cells, animal models and diabetic patients. We summarize the role of the most important miRNAs involved in pancreas growth and development, insulin secretion and liver, skeletal muscle or adipocyte insulin resistance in the context of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Cite
Citations (13)
Sequela
Pathogenesis
Pathophysiology
Etiology
Cite
Citations (132)
Cite
Citations (23)
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder that affects 1% of the population over the age of 60. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder that affects approximately 25% of adults over the age of 60. Recent studies showed that DM increases the risk of developing PD. The link between DM and PD has been discussed in the literature in relation to different mechanisms including mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and protein aggregation. In this paper, we review the common microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers of both diseases. miRNAs play an important role in cell differentiation, development, the regulation of the cell cycle, and apoptosis. They are also involved in the pathology of many diseases. miRNAs can mediate the insulin pathway and glucose absorption. miRNAs can also regulate PD-related genes. Therefore, exploring the common miRNA biomarkers of both PD and DM can shed a light on how these two diseases are correlated, and targeting miRNAs is a potential therapeutic opportunity for both diseases.
Cite
Citations (21)
Pathogenesis
Cite
Citations (701)
Pathogenesis
Pancreatic Islets
Cite
Citations (20)
Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic homeostasis disease that contributes to additional comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease (CVD) and cancer. It has a long undiagnosed latent period during which there can be irreparable damage to the pancreas and cardiovascular tissues. Recent studies have highlighted the roles of several microRNAs in CVD. Determining the microRNAs that link diabetes mellitus and CVD is an important topic to be explored. In the present review, we discuss the microRNAs that contribute to the progression of diabetes mellitus and CVD and focus on the miR-29 family microRNAs whose expression is upregulated by hyperglycemia and proinflammatory cytokines, the hallmarks of diabetes mellitus. Upregulation of miR-29 expression is a key factor in the loss of pancreatic β cells and development of the first stage of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Additionally, miR-29-mediated suppression of myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL-1), an important prosurvival protein, underlies Marfan's syndrome, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and diabetes mellitus-associated cardiomyocyte disorganization. Suppression of miR-29 expression and subsequent increase in the prosurvival MCL-1, however, promotes tumor development. Therefore, miR-29 mimics that suppress MCL-1 are hailed as tumor suppressors. The critical question is whether an increase in miR-29 levels is well tolerated in conditions of comorbidities in which insulin resistance is an underlying disease. In light of increasing awareness of the interconnection of diabetes mellitus, CVD, and cancer, it is of utmost importance to understand the mechanism of action of current treatment options on all of the comorbidities and careful evaluation of cardiovascular toxicity must accompany any treatment paradigm that increases miR-29 levels.
Proinflammatory cytokine
Cite
Citations (79)
miRNAs are major regulators of gene expression that are emerging as central players in the development of many human diseases, including diabetes mellitus. In fact, the manifestation of diabetes is associated with alterations in the miRNA profile in insulin-secreting cells, insulin target tissues and, in case of long-term diabetes complications, in many additional organs. Diabetes also results in changes in the profile of miRNAs detectable in blood and other body fluids. This has boosted an ever increasing interest in the use of circulating miRNAs as potential biomarkers to predict the development of diabetes and its devastating complications. Moreover, promising approaches to correct the level of selected miRNAs are emerging, permitting to envisage new therapeutic strategies to treat diabetes and its complications.
Cite
Citations (2)
Pathogenesis
Candidate gene
Cite
Citations (41)
Diabetes is the most common metabolic disorder and is recognized as one of the most important health threats of our time.MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a novel group of non-coding small RNAs that have been implicated in a variety of physiological processes, including glucose homeostasis.Recent research has suggested that miRNAs play a critical role in the pathogenesis of diabetes and its related cardiovascular complications.This review focuses on the aberrant expression of miRNAs in diabetes and examines their role in the pathogenesis of endothelial dysfunction, cardiovascular disease, and diabetic retinopathy.Furthermore, we discuss the potential role of miRNAs as blood biomarkers and examine the potential of therapeutic interventions targeting miRNAs in diabetes.
Pathogenesis
Endothelial Dysfunction
Cite
Citations (251)