PHARMACOGNOSTICAL STUDY OF KHAYA SENEGALENSIS A. JUSS GROWING IN EGYPT PART I: Botanical and Chemical Study of the Leaf.
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The objective of this study was to report the first record of Xylosandrus compactus in a Khaya senegalensis plantation in the Northeast region of Brazil. The study area comprised 10 hectares of African mahogany (Khaya senegalensis) planted under different silvicultural systems and varying in age (4, 10 and 24 months). From May to July 2019, both larvae and adults of Xylosandrus compactus, attacked the petiole of adult trees in the field, promoting small holes followed by darkening from the hole to the leaf tip. Furthermore, the stem of the seedlings at the nursery had holes in its stem basis and internal galleries in young and adult individuals. It is estimated that 77% of the Khaya senegalensis population in the 24-month trees were attacked. Therefore, the growth of the trees may be compromised, and if there is no proper management, X. compactus can cause economic damage in the K. senegalensis plantation.
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Petiole (insect anatomy)
Hectare
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The fractionation of deacetylated Khaya senegalensis gum has been re-examined. The main component of the gum, polysaccharide A, has been converted into the carboxy-reduced derivative, and oligosaccharides formed on acetolysis of the modified polysaccharide have been shown to include 4-O-rhamnopyranosylgalactose (I), 4-O-galactopyranosylgalactose (II), the polymer-homologous trisaccharide (III), 2-O-galactopyranosylrhamnose (IV), 4-O-(4-O-methylglucopyranosyl)galactose (V), and O-galactopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-O-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-galactose (VI). The results confirm that this polysaccharide differs in composition but is similar in structure to polysaccharide A from K. ivorensis gum.
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In Senegal, Khaya senegalensis is subject to abusive and illegal exploitation, thus compromising its regeneration and the survival of its natural stand. It is in this context that this study aims to contribute to the reconstitution of Khaya senegalensis stands through the production of information allowing an optimal production of seedlings of this species in the nursery. The chosen device is a device in randomized complete blocks or Fischer blocks with 3 blocks or repetitions. Each block has 10 treatments with 20 sheaths each. The parameters studied are the height of the plants, the diameter at the collar, and the number of leaves of each plant. The analysis of the results obtained indicates that the greatest average plant heights were recorded with the compost (C) and the sand+compost (SC) treatments with 12.71 cm and 12.25 cm respectively. The lowest average heights (6.7 cm) were observed with sand (S) and sand mixed with potting soil (ST) with heights of 6.7 cm and 8.91 cm respectively. The largest diameter at the collar of Khaya senegalensis plants was obtained with the sand compost substrate (0.38 cm) and the smallest (0.25 cm) was observed with the sand substrate. The lowest leaf production is noted on the sand substrate alone (4.6 leaves/plant). However, it seems appropriate to continue this study by evaluating the effect of different types of pretreatments on the germination of Khaya senegalensis seeds in order to establish the basis for rapid production of Khaya senegalensis seedlings in the nursery.
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African mahogany Khaya senegalensis is the favoured species for high-value plantations in the Top End of the Northern Territory because it has outperformed others in extensive trials over 40 years. Despite its vigour, Khaya is characterised by poor form that may be related to its genetics, nutrition or chronic low level pest attack. However few pests and diseases have been recorded locally for Khaya or the other species tested.
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Meliaceae
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HLA-B-associated transcript 3 (BAT3) was originally identified as one of the genes located within human major histocompatibility complex. It encodes a large proline-rich protein with unknown function. In this study, we found that a fragment of the BAT3 gene product interacts with a candidate tumor suppressor, DAN, in the yeast-based two-hybrid system. We cloned the full-length rat BAT3 cDNA from a fibroblast 3Y1 cDNA library. Our sequence analysis has demonstrated that rat BAT3 cDNA is 3617 nucleotides in length and encodes a full-length BAT3 (1098 amino acids) with an estimated molecular mass of 114,801 daltons, which displays an 87.4% identity with human BAT3. The deletion experiment revealed that the N-terminal region (amino acid residues 1-80) of DAN was required for the interaction with BAT3. Green fluorescent protein-tagged BAT3 was largely localized in the cytoplasm of COS cells. Northern hybridization showed that BAT3 mRNA was expressed in all the adult rat tissues examined but predominantly in testis. In addition, the level of BAT3 mRNA expression was more downregulated in some of the transformed cells, including v-mos- and v-Ha-ras-transformed 3Y1 cells, than in the parental cells.
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Tree (set theory)
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