Pyroclastic Flow Generated Tsunami Waves Detected by CALIPSO Borehole Strainmeters at Soufriere Hills, Montserrat During Massive Dome Collapse: Numerical Simulations and Observations

In volcanic domains, magma transport and pressure build-up induce high stress–strain perturbations in the surrounding volcanic edifice that may lead to volcanic flank movements and possible instability. In this study, we focus on the 2007 March–April episode of volcanic activity at Piton de la Fournaise (PdF) Volcano, La Réunion Island. This episode was associated with a large volume of emitted lava (240 × 106 m3) and a 340-m caldera collapse. We present observations of continuous seismic velocity changes measured using cross-correlations of ambient seismic noise over 10 yr at PdF. Overall, we observe a large velocity reduction starting a few days prior to the major 2007 April 2 eruption. Comparison of seismic velocity change measurements with observations of deformation from InSAR and GPS shows that the seismic velocity reduction coincided with a widespread flank movement starting at the time of injection of magma to feed an initial eruption, a few days before the 2007 April 2 eruption. We emphasize the potential of noise-based seismic velocity change measurements, together with geodetic observations, to detect and monitor possibly hazardous slope instabilities.

Caldera

Ambient noise level

Lateral eruption

Volcanic hazards

10.1093/gji/ggt276

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Citations (48)

High frequency seismic signal generated by landslides on complex topographies: from numerical simulation to field observation at Dolomieu crater, La Réunion

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2018)

Julian Kuehnert A. Mangeney Yann Capdeville Virginie Durand É. Stutzmann

SIGNAL (programming language)

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Numerical Simulation of Infrasonic Signals from Volcanic Eruptions

AGUFM (2006)

Mario Ruiz Jonathan M. Lees K. D. Wilson

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Detection and characterization of debris avalanche and pyroclastic flow dynamics from the simulation of the seismic signal they generate: application to Montserrat, Lesser Antilles

AGUFM (2011)

J-K ZHAO A. Mangeney L. Moretti É. Stutzmann Eliza S. Calder

Debris flow

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Visual Evidence of Seismo-Acoustic Wave Propagation at Mount Etna

AGUFM (2001)

Jonathan M. Lees A. D. McGreger Maurizio Ripepe

Mount

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Volcano deformation monitoring using GPS

Journal of Spatial Science (2007)

Volker Janssen

Volcanic eruptions are often very destructive events, having a massive impact on the natural and human environment. In order to mitigate the effect of volcanic hazards such as pyroclastic flows, lahars and tsunamis it is necessary to closely monitor volcanoes. Ground surface deformation is recognised as a reliable indicator of an impending eruption and can give clues to magmatic processes at depth. This paper gives a brief overview of the techniques employed for volcano deformation monitoring and then reviews advances in the use of GPS for this purpose. Recommendations on the ideal GPS system infrastructure are made.

Lahar

Deformation monitoring

Natural hazard

Volcanology

10.1080/14498596.2007.9635099

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Citations (14)

Insights in to the onset of the 2018 Kilauea eruption from time-lapse measurements of seismic velocity with seismic noise interferometry

AGU Fall Meeting Abstracts (2019)

Florent Brenguier Gerrit Olivier R. Carey P. Okubo Clare Donaldson

Seismic interferometry

Seismic Noise