EVALUATION OF TISSUE OXYGEN SATURATION (STO2) BEFORE AND AFTER CHEMOTHERAPY FOR ADVANCED ESOPHAGEAL CANCER BY OXYGEN SATURATION (OS) IMAGING
Yusuke YodaKeiichiro NishiharaHironori SunakawaTatsunori MinamideYoichi YamamotoKeiichiro NakajoTatsuro MuranoTomohiro KadotaKensuke ShinmuraHiroaki IkematsuTomonori Yano
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Aims Oxygen saturation (OS) imaging (FUJIFILM Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) is a novel endoscopic technology which can directly measure and visualize the tissue oxygen saturation (StO2) of gastrointestinal tract pixel-by-pixel without any additional drugs. OS imaging is expected to contribute to cancer research which leads to predict the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment. The purpose of this study is to evaluate StO2 and their changes due to chemotherapy in advanced esophageal cancer.Keywords:
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation (graph theory)
Objective To investigate the change of serum interleukin-6(IL-6),interleukin-8(IL-8) and acute phase reaction protein(CRP,TRF and PAB)in patients with esophageal cancer of various types and esplore its clinical singificance.Methods The serum levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for 72 case of early esophageal cancer,68 late esophageal cancer and 120 healthy subjects,and dynamic observing the level of acute phase reaction protein(CRP,TRF and PAB)in patients with esophageal cancer.Results Compared with the control,the TRF and PAB level in patients with early esophageal cancer or late esophageal cancer was much lower(P0.01),The late esophageal cancer group was much lower than early esophageal cancer group(P0.05).The IL-6,IL-8 and CRP level in patients with early esophageal cancer or late esophageal cancer was much higher (P0.01).The late esophageal cancer grope was much higher than early esophageal cancer grope(P0.01).There was correlation between the levels of IL-6,IL-8,CRP,TRF and PAB and the worsen-extent of the tumour in patients with early esophageal cancer or late esophageal cancer.And along with the worsen-extent of the tumour in patients the level of IL-6 and IL-8 had the increase tendency.Conclusion The IL-6 and IL-8 might accelerate the pathogenesis of esophageal cancer,and the CRP might restrain.There was negative correlation between the level of TRF,PAB and the patients with esophageal cancer.The immune maladjustment of IL-6,IL-8,CRP,TRF and PAB might be correlative to esophageal cancer.Combined measurement of their serum levels may be of important value for the clinic to judge the progress and outcome prediction of the cancer.
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ABSTRACT Objective To determine if pulse oximetry could detect any changes in fetal arteriolar oxygen saturation resulting from maternal administration of oxygen. Design A prospective study comparing study comparing the fetal pulse oximetry reading before and after giving 27% and 100% oxygen to the mother. The data were collected using an experimental pulse oximeter and a sensor specifically adapted to cope with the problems of fetal pulse oximetry. Setting Labour ward, St. James's University Hospital, Leeds University, UK. Subjects Twelve fetuses presenting by the vertex in normal uncomplicated labour. Main outcome measures The change in fetal arteriolar oxygen saturation recorded by the pulse oximeter in response to oxygen administration to the mother. Results Twenty‐seven percent oxygen increased the average fetal arteriolar oxygen saturation by 7.5%, the effect being reversed when the oxygen was withdrawn. One hundred percent oxygen increased fetal arteriolar oxygen saturation by 11% and when the oxygen was withdrawn oxygen saturation dropped by 10%. One hundred percent inspired maternal oxygen was more effective than 27%. The gradient of the fetal oxygen regression slope is steeper with 100% oxygen than 27% and it is steeper when oxygen is given compared to when it is withdrawn. This suggests that the fetus responds to the new placental oxygen gradient by accepting oxygen more rapidly than it gives it up. Using a quadratic regression model, it took 9 min for fetal oxygen saturation to reach its maximum value after giving the mother oxygen. Conclusion This study confirms that a pulse oximeter is able to measure an increase in fetal arteriolar oxygen saturation when oxygen is administered to the mother.
Pulse Oximetry
Oxygen Saturation
Saturation (graph theory)
Limiting oxygen concentration
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The paper had a design on the programmed temperature rising experiment of the loose coal under the different oxygen supply conditions.A gas chromatograph chromatography was applied to the analysis on the oxygen concentration of the outlet air under the rated temperature during the temperature rising process.The oxygen consumption rate of the coal sample with different oxygen concentration and under the rated temperature was calculated,a comparison was conducted on the oxygen consumption rates of the coal samples at each temperature point and under the different oxygen concentration condition and a fitting was conducted on the oxygen consumption rate and oxtgen concentration under the certain temperature.The results showed that under the different oxygen concentration condition,the oxygen consumption rate of the loose coal would be increased with the temperature increased.The oxygen concentration would affect the oxygen consumption rate and would have no obvious influence to the oxygen consumption rate with the temperature varied.Under the same temperature,the oxygen consumption rate of the coal sample would be increased with the oxygen concentration increased and the oxygen consumption rate and the logarithmic relationship between the oxygen supplied concentration could be met.
Limiting oxygen concentration
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The index of refraction of hemoglobin solutions with varying oxygen saturation was predicted and measured. An increase in index of refraction with increasing saturation was found, which implies a saturation dependent scattering effect in blood, which exceeds the effect of saturation dependent absorption.
Saturation (graph theory)
Oxygen Saturation
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Objective To discuss the effect of the modified structure of oxygen equipment on oxygen inhalation effect of patients receiving oxygen therapy.Methods The structure of oxygen equipment was modified.and 80 patients who required oxygen therapy were divided into the modified group and the non-modified group according to odd and even number of hospital admission sequence randomly with 40 patients in each group.The modified group used the modified oxygen equipment,the non-modified group used traditional one.The differences of respiration,heart rate and blood oxygen saturation rate between the two groups before oxygen inhalation,30 minutes and 2 hours after oxygen were compared.Results There was no significant difference in the respiration,heart rate and blood oxygen saturation rate between the two groups.Conclusions The modified oxygen equipment doesn't affect the oxygen therapy effect of patients,besides,it avoids the problems of pollution and the complicated disinfection procedure of the structure of the humidifier bottle,fluid and breathing vessel of the traditional equipment.
Key words:
Oxygen supply device; Modified; Dry oxygen inhalation; Oxygen inhalation effect
Oxygen Saturation
Oxygen therapy
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[Purpose] To investigate the characteristics of esophageal cancer incidence and mortality in the population in China.[Methods] The data of all new esophageal cancer cases and esophageal cancer deaths in 30 cancer registries in China in 1998～2002 were analyzed.[Results] The total numbers of esophageal cancer incident cases and deaths were 38339 and 30116,respectively.The crude incidence of esophageal cancer ranged from 0.3 per 105 to 115.1 per 105,The world age-adjusted incidence of esophageal cancer ranged from 0.3 per 105 to 132.7 per 105.The crude mortality of esophageal cancer ranked from 1.3 per 105 to 90.9 per 105,The world age-adjusted mortality of esophageal cancer ranked from 2.7 per 105 to 110.6 per 105.[Conclusion] The incidence rates of esophageal cancer in China were varied largely.Esophageal cancer is the leading cancer in some population,particularly the rural residents where the measures of prevention and treatment should be enhanced.
Cancer Incidence
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Objective To investigate the method of oxygen-supply for oxygen-enriched rooms on plateau for the pilots and to provide evidences for conducting oxygen-enriched room construction and the proper application.Methods Mathematical models of oxygen-enriched rooms were created according to the oxygen concentration varying with time in pilot room and physical exercise training room,and were verified by tests.Eight volunteers entered 3780 m plateau on flight,and were averagely divided into control group and oxygen-supply group according to the number table.Four volunteers of oxygen-supply group lived in oxygen-enriched room during 22:00 to 8:00 next day (successive oxygen supplied with the concentration of 24％-27 ％ for 8 d) while 4 volunteers of control group exposed in natural oxygen environment of pilot room and physical exercise training room.Their data were monitored for 8 d.Heart rate and arterial oxygen saturation of the volunteers in 2 groups were observed.Results The measured oxygen concentrations in pilot room and physical exercise training room had positive correlation to those calculated by mathematical model (r=0.986,0.998,P=0.000).Heart rate of oxygen-supply group was significantly lower than that of control group (F=13.067,P=0.011).Arterial oxygen saturation of oxygen-supply group was significantly higher than that of control group (F =102.885,P =0.000).Conclusions Setting up the mathematical models with the variable of oxygen concentration would be helpful in building oxygen-enriched rooms at high altitude.Oxygen supply for pilot room and physical exercise training room should be in different ways.The physiological equivalent height is proposed lower than 3000 m concerning the oxygen supply in pilot room.
Key words:
Altitude; Oxygen; Model, theoretical; Oxygen-enriched room
Oxygen Saturation
Room air distribution
Limiting oxygen concentration
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The presence of low levels of oxygen may have profound effects on the cytotoxic activity of radiation, radiosensitizers, and bioreductive alkylating agents. As others have shown, low oxygen tensions may significantly alter rates of cellular and chemical oxygen consumption. When experiments are performed at very low oxygen concentrations, the opposing effects of oxygen leakage into and cellular/chemical oxygen consumption from the system can lead to unpredictable results. Use of a newly designed, highly sensitive Clark-type oxygen sensor has permitted accurate and reproducible measurement of low levels of oxygen. Cellular depletion of oxygen at various cell densities has been monitored for a series of oxygen tensions in solution and the corresponding respiration rates have been calculated. Although oxygen depletion was found to be quite significant at low oxygen tensions, not all oxygen present could be removed by cellular respiration. Respiration rate decreased as oxygen tension decreased and approached zero at low oxygen tensions. This result was independent of cell density. A model is presented to account for the observed effect of oxygen tension on cellular oxygen utilization.
Oxygen tension
Limiting oxygen concentration
Cellular respiration
Apparent oxygen utilisation
Oxygen enhancement ratio
Oxygene
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