Physical changes in stored bulk rice
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The study was carried out on the comparative analysis of temperature variation within wooden and metal grain silos under a typical tropical weather condition in Nigeria. Temperature variations within and outside the silos were monitored for 130days (July to November) during storage of maize. Results showed that the grain temperature at the centre of the silos ranged between 24.0-32.7°C and 23.8-35.0°C for wooden and metal silos respectively. Also, at the silo walls, grain temperatures ranged between 24.5-35.8°C and 24.0-34.7°C respectively. The standard error of estimate between the results of the silos at the centres and walls were 1.65°C and 1.16°C respectively. The temperatures at the top of the metal silo (grain surface) were 1.9°C and 4.1°C higher than those of the wooden silo and ambient respectively. It can be concluded that wooden silo is more effective at temperature control than metal silo under the tropical conditions.
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In this paper, we present experiments carried out on the circular silo {cell 0} and square silo {cell A} at the experimental base of full scale silos. The results are analysed and compared with the different methods of calculating the pressures at the filling and discharging silos.
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Grain storage silos are essentially pressure vessels, but unlike liquid or gas storage vessels, grain in silos is not always distributed axisymmetrically. Remnant grain obtained from discharging underneath along a diametrical line forms grain ungulas. This produces uneven pressures around the circumference of the silo. The resulting forces have led to buckling in some steel storage silos. This article demonstrates how to approximately calculate these forces in the silo and shows why they can cause buckling of an improperly designed tank. Sufficient base anchorage is suggested as the most effective means for elimination of this buckling problem.
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With the development of modern industry, silo diameters are bigger and bigger. Lateral pressure of bulk materials in silos is one important parameter for designing silos, which is related to the economy and safety of the structure. However, present calculation methods of the lateral pressure are mostly based on small diameter silos. For now, in the Chinese code the wall pressure computation methods are based on Rankine theory to be calculated. It is shown that the calculated results of Rankine theory may overestimate the pressure. In this paper, the lateral pressure of large diameter silos is studied. A new formula for calculating lateral static pressure on shallow silo wall is derived by static equilibrium method. The formula of this paper is simple of calculation and can be used for large diameter silos with a circular con top pile. The results agree with that of the full-sized silo experiment better than the current code.
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Degree Rankine
Static pressure
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In this paper, using the discrete element method (PFC 2D )particle flow procedure to establish a model of cylindrical silo, in the warehouse filled with particles within the reach of static equilibrium state, then the record of its wall static lateral pressure measurement value, while monitoring the measured dynamic wall pressure during the silo discharging. It was shown that the static pressure as well as the dynamic pressure simulated with the numerical model is in good agreement with the experimental results. So the discrete element method can give a new way to study dynamic question of silos.
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Particle Flow
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According to the flow characteristics of unconsolidated material in silos and the technology structure of silos, this paper analyzed the silo body structure and burdened load distribution, and put forward the calculation points and the basic stress to be considered, concretely calculated and checked the calculation points and the basic stress value, and got a safe, reliable and economic silo body.
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The advantages of metal silos in comparison with reinforced concrete are given. Types of silos depending on a wall design are considered. The construction of steel spiral-fold silos and the method of forming a cylindrical body are considered. The general design of a spiral-fold silo is illustrated. Features of the folding lock, its geometry and location are described. The specifics of the construction of spiral-fold silo, which affects their stress-strain state, are analyzed. Listed two calculation schemes of silо depending on the complexity of input information for the computer. The standard documents which regulates the design of steel silo tanks on the territory of Ukraine are analyzed. The main loads and influences which are accepted at calculation of silos are listed. The basic formula of check of the general durability of a wall of a silo is resulted, the components of the formula are decrypted. The algorithm for calculating the spiral-folded silage is given.
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