Changes in wood anatomical traits in Scots pine under different climate-change scenarios
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Abstract Although cell-anatomical variables are promising proxies reflecting seasonal as well as annual climate changes, their interdependencies are not yet fully understood. In the present study we assessed the changes in tree-ring width and various wood anatomical traits, including wall thickness, lumen diameter and tracheid diameter in the radial direction in saplings of Pinus sylvestris under six climatic conditions: 5°C warmer alone (ET) or combined with drought in June (ET J ) and in August (ET A ) and CO 2 enrichment alone (EC, 770 ppm) or combined with drought in June (EC J ) and in August (EC A ). The experiments related to temperature conditions using 2-year saplings and CO 2 conditions using 3-year saplings were completed in 2009 and 2010 in a greenhouse, respectively. Results showed that tree-ring width and tracheid diameter were not affected by any of the conditions applied, but the lumen diameter was larger and the wall thickness was thinner than those under control conditions. These reactions were verified under ET J in the warming treatment and under all conditions under CO 2 enrichment conditions. Our results indicated that drought counteracted the effects of elevated CO 2 concentrations on wood anatomical properties, signifying complex interactions between the two major effects of climate change. Our comparison of wood parameters through experiments highlight the potential effect of climate change — increased drought stress due to higher temperatures and water shortage as well as elevated ambient CO 2 , on tracheid lumen diameter and wall thickness. Whereas the ring-width and tracheid diameter practically remained unaffected under the above-mentioned conditions.Keywords:
Tracheid
Scots pine
Drought stress
Economic shortage
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Pulpwood
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This paper presents the results of studies on protein polymorphism in seeds of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and Austrian pine (Pinus nigra Arn.) as the most important economic species of the genus Pinus in Serbia. Polymorphism of protein markers was determined in selected genotypes originating from seven populations (Scots pine) and six populations (Austrian pine). Analysis of protein markers was performed using two statistical methods, NTSYS and correspondence analysis. Both methods give the same arrangement of the analyzed populations, whereby, because of a different view of genetic distances, they can and should be combined, enabling easier and more precise understanding of mutual relationships of the observation units.
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Pinus tabulaeformis
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1Katedra Użytkowania Lasu, Uniwersytet Przyrodniczy w Poznaniu 2Department of Plant Ecophysiology, Adam Mickiewicz University of Poznan
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It is a well-known fact that life form of any plant is determined by its genetic characteristics. However, depending on the conditions of natural habitat, there are certain variations of not only external specific features of the same plants, but also of their anatomic organization. The article provides the results of the cell structure examinations of the Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) growing in moss-covered (Pinetum pleurozium) and bracken (Pinetum pleurozium) forests. Ten temporary experimental sites for each type of forest were set according to methods used in forest sciences and forest taxation. Taking into account the structure of annual layers of conifers, the study determined the quantitative parameters of radial growth and the main size indicators of early and late tracheids. It is revealed that the width of an annual layer and the quantity of tracheids in a radial row belong to the most changeable parameters, while tangential dimensions of tracheids belong to the least changeable parameters. In general, the analyses of obtained data from 18 dimensional characteristics showed that moss-covered pine forest is characterized by the greater value of a radial diameter of early tracheids (6 %) and their cavities (3 %), as well as greater cavity areas (3 %); a bracken pine forest, in turn, has a greater width of latewood in an annual layer (16 %) and thickness of a cell wall of late tracheids (10 %). Therefore, it is recommended to measure only these specific parameters to reduce the time spent on conducting researches in future. The cluster analysis confirmed that the morphological and anatomical characteristics are effective indicators to define the forest type.
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Bracken
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Production potential and structural variability of pine stands in the Czech Republic: Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) vs. introduced pines – case study and problem review | Vilém Podrázský, Zdeněk Vacek, Stanislav Vacek, Jan Vítámvás, Josef Gallo, Anna Prokůpková, Giuseppe D'Andrea | Agricultural Journals
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