Aloe Vera Heals Gastric Ulcer in 7 Days than Omeprazole and Cimetidine : Prostaglandin?
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Abstract:
Peptic ulcer disease is becoming a very common disease as it is associated with lifestyle e.g eating habits more than infection, by bacteria, H. pylori [1]. There are many treatments for the disease which are not very potent for the eradication of the disease.
A comparative study was therefore carried out with Aloe Vera, cimetidine and omeprazole to arrive at the most potent treatment drug. A total of thirty (30) male and female rats were used for the study. The Aloe Vera extract with LD50 of 1870.83 mg/kg was administered in three dosages; low, medial and high, 187.08 mg/kg, 374.42 mg/kg and 561.25 mg/kg respectively in groups (3-4) while cimetidine and omeprazole in groups V and VI respectively for 28 days. Gastric HCl increased significantly p 0.01 in groups 2, 4 and 6. Aloe Vera showed more potent healing than omeprazole and Cimetidine as there were no traces of ulceration observed in the stomach of the rats as early as 7 days of the observation treatment. However, the acid output in the Aloe Vera treated groups were not significantly reduced p>0.01 as compared to Cimetidine and omeprazole groups. But the ulceration was significantly eliminated than in the cimetidine and omeprazole treated groups. It is concluded that Aloe Vera probably acts through prostaglandin increase in its ingredient for the healing of the ulcer.Keywords:
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Adequate studies have been done using proton pump inhibitors and H2-receptor antagonist and only few studies for cyto-protective and gastric acid secretions have been done in Nigeria. Therefore this work studied the cyto-protective and gastric acid secretory effects of rabeprazole, ranitidine, omeprazole and cimetidine in wistar rats. 28 male wistar rats of weights 300 to 400 g were recruited and randomly divided into seven experimental groups of 4 rats each. Ulcers were induced via oral administration of a mixture acid alcohol (Ethanol and HCl). Group A: Ulcer alone; Group B: 20 mg/kg Rabeprazole + Ulcer; Group C: 20 mg/kg Rabeprazole + 20 mg/kg Ranitidine + Ulcer. Group D: Normal control group received clean drinking water ad libitium. Group E: 20 mg/kg Omeprazole + Ulcer. Group F: 20 mg/kg ranitidine + ulcer. Group G: 100 mg/kg cimetidine + ulcer. At the end of the treatment and induction, volume of gastric acid secreted, pH values, Ulcer index, stomach and body weights were analyzed statistically. There were significant decrease (P<0.05) in the volume of gastric acid secreted for the groups that received the ranitidine and rabeprazole compared to group A (ulcer alone). The pH values of the groups that received the proton pump inhibitors were neutralized at the end of the experiment which shows a better cyto-protective effects of the drugs and there were significant differences (P<0.05) among those groups E, F and G compared to group A. The animals with lesser stomach weights have more ulcers index compared to those with higher stomach weights. This research showed that groups treated with a combination of rabeprazole and ranitidine has a better potency for the management of gastric ulcer patients. Key words: Ulcer, acid-alcohol, Rabeprazole, Ranitidine, Omeprazole, Ranitidine, Wistar rats.
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Aloe vera is a plant easily grown in Thailand. It is used in burn and wound healing. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of Aloe gel on gastric ulcers caused by indomethacin in rats. Giving Aloe gel at doses of 0.25 and 0.5 ml for 30 minutes prior to oral administration of indomethacin decreased the numbers of bleeding spots which were 1.13+0.83 and 0.75+1.04, respectively. They were 10.73 and 16.17 times lower than in the group given indomethacin alone which was 12.13+5.84. Moreover, the histological features of the indomethacin alone treated group showed deep injury to gastric mucosa at around half of the layer. When giving Aloe gel, the gastric injury was found to be less than in the indomethacin alone treated group. The results reveal the protective effect of Aloe gel on gastric ulcers caused by the anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. It is recommended to consume aloe gel for gastric ulcer prevention.
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SKOV OLSEN, P., THERKELSEN, K. and POULSEN, S.S. Effect of Omeprazole and Cimetidine on Healing of Chronic Gastric Ulcers and Gastric Acid Secretion in Rats. Tohoku J. exp. Med., 1988, 155 (4), 305-310 - The effect of omeprazole and cimetidine on healing of chronic gastric ulcers and gastric acid secretion was investigated in rats. The effect of three doses of omeprazole given orally once daily for 25 days was investigated. In controls median ulcer healing was 19.6% after 25 days. Omeprazole increased median ulcer healing from 36% at 145 μmole/kg/day to 80% at 580μmole/kg/day. Basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretion decresed dose-dependently by nearly 90% at a dose of 580 jimole/kg/day 22-24hr after the last dose of omeprazole. Cimetidine given twice daily, in a dose that initially inhibits gastric acid secretion by 95%, reduced acid secretion by only 50% 11hr after the last dose. Median ulcer healing after treatment with cimetidine for 25 days was 41%. This study demonstrates that omeprazole has a more longacting inhibitory effect on gastric acid secretion compared to cimetidine and accelerates healing of chronic gastric ulcers dose-dependently in rats
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Aiming to evaluate the protective effect of garlic on aspirin induced peptic ulcer in comparison with misoprostol and omeprazole drugs and its possible mechanisms. Forty white male albino rats were used. Total acid content, ulcer area/mm2, histological study, mucosal & serum Total Antioxidant Capacity (TAC) by calorimetry and mucosal & serum PGE2 and serum TNF-α by ELISA were assayed. Titrable acidity and total acid output decreased in garlic, misoprostol and omeprazole treated groups. Garlic, misoprostol and omeprazole improved gastric mucosa and decreased ulcer formation and ulcer area/mm2. Aspirin decreased PGE2 in gastric mucosa and serum. Co-administration of garlic to aspirin significantly increased PGE2 near to normal in gastric mucosa. Aspirin significantly increased serum TNF-α than control and other groups. Garlic is suggested to protect the stomach against ulcer formation induced by aspirin by reducing gastric acidity, ulcer area, improve gastric mucosa, increasing PGE2 and decreasing TNF-α.
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D-002, a mixture of six higher aliphatic primary alcohols from beeswax, has been shown to produce gastroprotective effects mediated by increased gastric mucus secretion, improved mucus composition, and the reduction of lipid peroxidation. D-002 is able to heal acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats, but its effects on this model had not been compared with those of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) or histamine 2-receptor (H2RA). This study compared the effects of D-002, omeprazole, and ranitidine on acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in the rat, and on the associated neutrophil infiltration and angiogenesis in the ulcerated areas. Rats were randomized into eight groups: a vehicle control and seven with acetic acid-induced ulceration: a positive control, two D-002 (200 and 400 mg/kg, respectively), two omeprazole (5 and 10 mg/kg), and two ranitidine (25 and 50 mg/kg) groups. Gastric ulcers were produced by serosal application of acetic acid. Ulcer indexes and histological assessment were done. Significant reductions of ulcer indexes were seen with D-002 (200 and 400 mg/kg) (49% and 60%, respectively), omeprazole (5 and 10 mg/kg) (39% and 61%), and ranitidine (25 and 50 mg/kg) (52% and 68%). All treatments reduced ulcer sizes and inflammatory infiltrates, with signs of reepithelization, both groups of D-002 and the highest dose of omeprazole showed the greatest effect on angiogenesis. Concluding, at the doses tested, D-002 healed acetic acid-induced ulcers as effectively as omeprazole and ranitidine, an effect associated to the reduction of neutrophil infiltration and to the increase of restorative angiogenesis into the ulcerated areas
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Basal and pentagastrin stimulated gastric acid secretions were measured in 20 patients with duodenal ulcer before and after one week of treatment with oral omeprazole 20 mg daily. Omeprazole markedly inhibited gastric acid secretion in all the patients. The mean basal intragastric pH rose from 1.6 to 6.3, and the BAO and MAO were reduced by 86.9% and 83.9% respectively on day 7 of the study. We also conducted a clinical trial in 63 duodenal and 12 gastric ulcer patients. Each patient received 20 mg omeprazole. 98% of the patients were free of pain within first week of the treatment. After 2, 4 and 6 weeks of treatment, the healing rates of duodenal ulcer were 81.3%, 96.8% and 100% respectively, and those of gastric ulcer were 50%, 91.7% and 100% respectively. The drug was well tolerated and no side effect was observed.
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Ulcer has been associated with acid secretion in the gastric mucosa. Recent studies have shown that prostaglandins inhibit gastric secretion, stimulates bicarbonate secretion and increases gastric blood volume, and important in the pathophysiology of peptic ulcer disease and possibly in its prevention and treatment. Studies have shown that glutathione promotes biosynthesis of leukotrienes and prostaglandins. Riboceine is a glutathione precursor. The study was conducted to determine the effect of riboceine on ulcer models in rats. Riboceine was administered at 7 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, and 28 mg/kg for seven days orally. Misoprostol (50 μg/kg) was used a positive control orally. The prophylactic activity was investigated using ethanol, diclofenac, and pylorus-ligation-induced gastric ulcer models in rats. In the ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the ulcer index by riboceine 28 mg/kg which produced 60% protection and lowest number of lesions. In diclofenac-induced gastric ulcer model, there was no significant reduction in the ulcer index by riboceine at all doses. Riboceine 14 mg/kg produced 72.72 % protection and lowest number of lesion. In pylorus ligation-induced gastric ulcer model, there was a significant reduction (p < 0.01, p < 0.01, p < 0.01) in the ulcer index by riboceine (7 mg/kg, 14 mg/kg, 28 mg/kg) respectively. Riboceine 7 mg/kg produced 87.36 % protection and lowest number of lesions which was lesser than that of misoprostol (50 mg/kg), which produced 96.84 % protection. Riboceine also showed no significant difference in the volume of gastric secretion and no significant differences in the effect of pH when compared with control.Overall, this study showed that riboceine is effective as a preventive measure in ulcer. A possible mechanism of action is by mucosal protection.
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Agnitundirasa was tested for antigastric ulcer activity in shay rat model. Oral dose of 10 mg/kg reduced the ulceration in shay rat. With 20mg/kg dose the ulceration was completely absent. The antigastric ulcer activity of agnitundirasa (20 mg/kg) was found to be equal to the effect produced by cimetidine (20 mg/kg). The reduction in gastric acidity was more with cimetidine and the reduction in peptic activity was more with agnitundirasa.
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Aim – to study the gastroprotective properties of dry cabbage garden extract on the model of experimental lesions of the gastric mucosa with acetylsalicylic acid.Materials and methods. Subchronic ulcerative lesions of the gastric mucosa of rats were simulated by intragastric administration of acetylsalicylic acid at a dose of 150 mg/kg for 3 days. Dry cabbage extract in a conditional therapeutic dose of 50 mg/kg and the comparison drugs omeprazole and altan were administered daily during the reproduction of the pathology and for another 2 days. The percentage of animals with ulcers in the group, the condition of the gastric mucosa were evaluated, the ulcer index and anti-ulcer activity were calculated. Histologically, the capacity of mucoid secretion by mucus-forming cells of the pathogenic epithelium outside the destruction zones by the severity of the PAS-reaction was investigated.Results. It was established that the dry extract of cabbage at a dose of 50 mg/kg leveled the ulcerogenic effect of acetylsalicylic acid at the level of omeprazole, which was reflected by a decrease in the ulcer index by 3,3 times, its antiulcer activity was 83 %. The maximum anti-ulcer effect was shown by the combination of dry cabbage extract with omeprazole, which significantly reduced the risk of developing damage to the gastric mucosa, ulcer index exceeded monotherapy with dry cabbage extract, omeprazole and altan, anti-ulcer activity was at the level of 94 %. The cabbage extract stabilized the processes of mucoid synthesis; when combined with omeprazole, the PAS-intensity of the gastric superficial-foveolar epithelium of the mucous membrane did not differ from the intact control in all the studied areas. The obtained data allow us to consider the dry extract of garden cabbage as a gastroprotector of acetylsalicylic ulcerogenesis.Conclusions. On the model of rats' gastric lesion with acetylsalicylic acid, a dry cabbage extract showed an anti-ulcer effect, by the severity of which it was not inferior to the comparator drug with the proton pump inhibitor omeprazole and significantly exceeded the phytopreparation of altan tablets. The combined use of cabbage extract and omeprazole showed a high prophylactic effect on the negative effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on the gastric mucosa. One of the mechanisms of the gastroprotective effect of dry cabbage extract is its ability to enhance the formation of mucus by the cells of the integumentary-patchy epithelium of the stomach. The results indicate the promise of further research on the anti-ulcer properties of dry cabbage extract for the purpose of its use in the treatment of peptic ulcer disease and the prevention of gastropathy caused by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
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