Vitamin B12 and Risk of Diabetes: New insight from Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Analyses of the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT)
Lishun LiuXiao HuangBinyan WangYun SongTengfei LinZiyi ZhouZhuo WangYaping WeiHuiyuan GuoPing ChenYan YangWenhua LingYoubao LiXianhui QinGenfu TangChengzhang LiuJianping LiYan ZhangPierre ZallouaXiaobin WangYong HuoHao ZhangXiping Xu
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Abstract Introduction Previous studies in mostly Western populations, have yielded conflicting findings on the association of vitamin B12 with diabetes risk, in part, due to differences in study design and population characteristics. This study sought to examine the vitamin B12 – diabetes association in Chinese hypertensive adults by both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Research Design and Methods This report included a total of 16699 participants from the China Stroke Primary Prevention Trial (CSPPT), with pertinent baseline and follow-up data. Diabetes mellitus (DM) was defined as either physician-diagnosed diabetes, the use of glucose-lowering drugs, or fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L. New-onset diabetes was defined as any new case of onset diabetes during the follow-up period or fasting blood glucose (FBG) ≥7.0 mmol/L at the exit visit. Results At baseline, there were 1872 (11.2%) diabetic patients; less than 1.5% had clinical B12 deficiency (<148.0 pmol/L). Over a median follow-up period of 4.5 years, there were 1589 (10.7%) cases of new-onset diabetes. Cross-sectional analyses showed a positive association between baseline vitamin B12 levels and FBG levels (β=0.18, 95%CI 0.15-0.21) and diabetes (OR=1.42, 95%CI 1.33-1.51). However, longitudinal analyses showed no association between baseline vitamin B12 and new-onset diabetes or changes in FBG levels. Among a subset of the sample (N=4366) with both baseline and exit B12 measurements, we found a positive association between an increase in B12 and an increase in FBG. Conclusions In this large Chinese hypertensive population mostly sufficient with vitamin B12, parallel cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses provided new insight into the conflicting findings of previous studies, and these results underscore the need for future studies to consider both baseline vitamin B12 and its longitudinal trajectory in order to better elucidate the role of vitamin B12 in the development of diabetes. Such findings, would have important clinical and public health implications.Keywords:
Cross-sectional study
Longitudinal Study
Stroke
Based on some observed properties of the B12-I.F. complex, an assay procedure is described for determining serum Vit. B12 levels using isotopically labeled Vit. B12 and intrinsic factor. 83%-112% of crystalline Vit. B12 added to serum was recovered in the assay. Concentrations of Vit. B12 in normal, B12 deficient, and leukemic sera were in the ranges, 104-328 μμg/ml, 0-72 μμg/ml and over 1000 μμg/ml respectively.
Intrinsic factor
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ビタミンB12給与区シロネズミとビタミンB12欠乏区シロネズミの肝臓のホモジネートを蔗糖等張液及び0.04M塩化マグネシウム液で洗滌したものにピルビン酸酸化酵素系の種々の補酵素を添加して,ピルビン酸酸化及び脱炭酸能をワールブルグ検圧計で測定した. (1) B12欠乏区ホモジネートの酸化及び脱炭酸能はB12給与のものに比べ常に低かった. (2) B12欠乏区ホモジネートに補酵素群を添加し,更にB12を添加しても効果がなかった. B12とともにグルタチオンを添加すると,より酸素吸収及び脱炭酸量が増加したが,しかしB12給与区とB12欠乏区の差を縮めることは出来なかった. (3) 補酵素群のうちDPN, CoA, LiA及びDPTの添加及び欠除実験から, DPTは僅か影響しているがこれも本質的なものではない. (4) B12欠乏による酸化及び脱炭酸能の低下は,ピルビン酸酸化酵素系のアポ酵素に影響しているように思われる.
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Objective: The current study aims to determine the frequency of diabetes mellitus in patients with COVID-19 infection. Methodology: Our cross-sectional study was conducted on 120 patients who presented with COVID-19 to Dr. Ziauddin Hospital, North Nazimabad, Karachi, from December 2021 to May 2022. The frequency of diabetes in these patients was determined. Results: In this study, the mean age of the patients recorded was 53.72±10.42 years. Frequency of diabetes was 37 (30.8%). Diabetes was significantly associated with hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: The frequency of diabetes in COVID-19 patients in our study was 37 (30.8%). Diabetes was significantly more common in patients with comorbidities such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and chronic kidney disease. We recommend proper management of diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection as it can lead to a fatal manifestation of the disease.
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Desdimethyl B12 had only approximately 9% of the activity of vit. B12 in stimulating growth of chicks fed a vit. B12-low, corn-soybean diet containing 20% of lard.
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THE importance of vitamin B12 for hatchability was first reported by Lillie, Denton, Olsen and Bird (1949). These investigators injected crystalline vitamin B12 into eggs obtained from vitamin B12 deficient hens and noted an increase in hatchability. Their observations have been confirmed by Olcese and Couch (1950) and Carver and McGinnis (1950). Peterson et al. (1950) and Peeler et al. (1950) obtained marked increases in hatchability by means of intramuscular injection of vitamin B12 in hens depleted of this factor. Lindstrom et al. (1949) found that 1 percent of a vitamin B12 concentrate, containing 4.4 μg. of vitamin B12 per gram, did not furnish enough of the factor for optimum hatchability. On the other hand Milligan and Combs (1950) recently reported that 4 μg. of vitamin B12 or less per kilo of ration supported good hatchability. The objectives of this investigation were to study further the B12 requirement for normal . . .
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Orotic acid
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Objective To understand the status of diabetes cognition among COPD patients complicated with diabetes mellitus. Method Totally, 240 COPD patients complicated with diabetes mellitus were investigated by self- designed questionnaire about their knowledge of diabetes mellitus. Results There were significant differences between different gender patients in hypoglycemia symptoms and treatment principles( P 0. 01),among different age patients in diabetes mellitus causes,clinical manifestation and complications,treatment( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05). There were significant differences between among different education background patients in correlation between long- term using glucocorticoid and diabetes and diabetes treatment( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05),among different COPD stages patients in correlation between long- term using glucocorticoid and diabetes,diabetes mellitus causes,hypoglycemia symptoms and treatment principles,diabetes treatment( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05). There were significant differences between different diabetes stages patients in diabetes mellitus causes,clinical manifestation and complications,hypoglycemia symptoms and treatment principles,diabetes treatment( P 0. 01 or P 0. 05). Conclusion The diabetes related health education for COPD patients should be specific according to their situations,in order to control the glucose,promote the prognosis and improve their self- control of glucose.
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Longitudinal Study
Depression
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From these results pseudo vitamin B12 appears to be inactive in replacing vitamin B12 for growth of the dairy calf. Other forms of vitamin B12 seem to be present in the liver of all calves receiving the synthetic diet.
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