Study on Installation Design of Cogeneration Systems Contribute to Provide the Demand and Supply Regulation
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Recent growth of renewable energy (RE) generations with natural variability, would make the demand and supply regulation in a whole power system more difficult, and therefore, alternatives for demand and supply regulation resources would be required. The authors focus on co-generation system (CGS) owned by the consumers as one of regulation resources and have proposed a novel optimal operation strategy of CGSs to provide the demand and supply regulation. This paper discusses the optimal installation design including two configurations of CGS based on the economic viewpoints considering the energy supply cost and the financial incentive associated with the contribution for demand and supply regulation. The discussions are based on numerical case studies with the actual electrical and thermal demand profiles and equipment cost of CGS.Keywords:
Viewpoints
Cogeneration
Energy supply
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Average energy demand is often used for the evaluation of cogeneration systems. This paper analyses the effect of fluctuating energy demand on the annual cost and emission evaluation. Two kinds of fluctuations, daily and hourly, were counted. The result shows that the benefit of cost and CO_2 reduction of cogeneration systems is deteriorated as the increase in the fluctuation. The deteriorated performance is larger in hotels, hospitals and houses compared to offices and stores.
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Electricity demand response is the lever of economy and contradictions between the supply and demand, is effective short-term instruments that speedy resolve contradictions between the supply and demand [1]. Put forward the elements and implementation principle of demand response programs, divide the type of demand response programs, investigate the time span relationship between demand response market and demand response programs, analyze demand response programs in the practice of domestic and foreign, discuss the application strategy of demand response in large public buildings systems and energy management platform, and for the construction of China's demand response programs raise suggestions and ideas.
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Dispersed energy supply systems are already highly valued by our workers,dealing with energy sources,as a mature technique of comprehensive utilization of energy resources.By discussing the utilization of primary energy,global thermal efficiency,energy saving and effect of application,the conclusion is drawn that the best way in China of popularizing dispersed energy supply systems is cogeneration of heat,cold and power with combustible gas.
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Considering the complex relationship among energy supply,demand and prices,and the time delay for energy producing enterprise to regulate the energy supply after getting information on market demand,the regional energy supply-demand model under the influence of time delay is set up.By studying its dynamic behavior from the stability of equilibrium point,phase diagram and Dulac function,and by analyzing the stability of equilibrium points by main monomial analysis,a stable condition for energy supply,demand and import can be reached.For the given energy balance of the two regions(Jiangsu and Shanxi),the current situation of energy supply and demand during 2000—2005 is analyzed.The model is verified to reflect the actual regional energy supply and demand to a large extent.It offers a strategy for China's energy-economic system to maintain a high growth and healthy,stable development.
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The large-scale implementation of demand-response measures has the potential to play a significant role in overcoming the various issues related to electricity supply/demand imbalances. This paper assesses various building energy modelling techniques and compares them using a schematic representation; the integration of the building models into a demand response scheme is then addressed and guidelines are given for different contexts. From the review carried out, the paper highlights the need to develop demand-response estimation tools at a large-scale taking into account the buildings characteristics. An outlook is given on a proposed method for large-scale demand response estimation.
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