Validation of selection function, sample contamination and mass calibration in galaxy cluster samples
S. GrandisMatthias KleinJ. J. MohrS. BocquetM PaulusT. M. C. AbbottM. AguenaS. AllamJ. AnnisB. A. BensonE. BertinS BhargavaD. BrooksD. L. BurkeA. Carnero RosellM. Carrasco KindJ. CarreteroR. CapassoM. CostanziL. N. da CostaJ. De VicenteS. DesaiJ. P. DietrichP. DoelT. F. EiflerA. E. EvrardB. FlaugherP. FosalbaJ. FriemanJ García-BellidoE. GaztañagaD. W. GerdesD. GruenR. A. GruendlJ. GschwendG. GutiérrezW. G. HartleyS. R. HintonD. L. HollowoodK. HonscheidD. J. JamesT. JeltemaK. KuehnN. KuropatkinM. LimaM. A. G. MaiaJ. L. MarshallP. MelchiorF. MenanteauR. MiquelR. L. C. OgandoA. PalmeseF. Paz-ChinchónA. A. PlazasA. K. RomerA. RoodmanE. SánchezA. SaroV. ScarpineM. SchubnellS. SerranoE. SheldonM. SmithA. A. StarkE. SuchytaM. E. C. SwansonG. TarléD. ThomasD. L. TuckerT N VargaJ. WellerR. D. Wilkinson
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Abstract:
We construct and validate the selection function of the MARD-Y3 sample. This sample was selected through optical follow-up of the 2nd ROSAT faint source catalog (2RXS) with Dark Energy Survey year 3 (DES-Y3) data. The selection function is modeled by combining an empirically constructed X-ray selection function with an incompleteness model for the optical follow-up. We validate the joint selection function by testing the consistency of the constraints on the X-ray flux--mass and richness--mass scaling relation parameters derived from different sources of mass information: (1) cross-calibration using SPT-SZ clusters, (2) calibration using number counts in X-ray, in optical and in both X-ray and optical while marginalizing over cosmological parameters, and (3) other published analyses. We find that the constraints on the scaling relation from the number counts and SPT-SZ cross-calibration agree, indicating that our modeling of the selection function is adequate. Furthermore, we apply a largely cosmology independent method to validate selection functions via the computation of the probability of finding each cluster in the SPT-SZ sample in the MARD-Y3 sample and vice-versa. This test reveals no clear evidence for MARD-Y3 contamination, SPT-SZ incompleteness or outlier fraction. Finally, we discuss the prospects of the techniques presented here to limit systematic selection effects in future cluster cosmological studies.Keywords:
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The recent long (up to days) and relatively bright soft X-ray afterglows from GRBs detected by BeppoSAX raise the possibility of detecting similar events in the ROSAT database. We perform detailed calculations on the expected number of ROSAT events based on the extended halo scenario. We use the realistic ROSAT capabilities and the actual exposure time on bright nearby galaxies. We find that the expected number of X-ray events is quite low, ∼1, and depends on the peak X-ray luminosity. Thus a nondetection of such events from nearby galaxies (within 12 Mpc) can not rule out most of the viable halo models. We also present the preliminary search results from the ROSAT PSPC database.
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We present the results of ROSAT PSPC and HRI observations of two distant clusters, MS0735+74 and MS0451−03, selected from a sample of serendipitous X‐ray sources. MS0735+74 at z=0216 is a cooling flow candidate because it has extended Hα emission in the central brightest galaxy. MS) 451−03, at z=0.55, is the most luminous cluster in the Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey with Lx≳1045 ergs −1. We have been able to place significant limits on Tx, core radii and the β parameter, and cooling flow contributions. Our preliminary results show that ‘‘cooling flows’’ can be identified by their extended Hα emission. Distant clusters probably do not have more intrinsic absorption than nearby clusters. More tentatively, luminous clusters at high redshift may be cooler and may have somewhat lower Mgas/Mtotal (at 1 Mpc scales) than the clusters of comparable luminosity at low redshift.
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We present the preparation for an observation of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect with the 100m telescope in Effelsberg. We calculate the expected diminution of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) at radio wavelength towards a small sample of clusters of galaxies: A85, A665, and Cl0016+16. We obtain the required parameters from the X-ray analysis of ROSAT PSPC data of these clusters. We derive expected central diminutions \Delta T_R,max of -(440\pm 180)\mu K for A665 and -(810\pm 680)\mu K for Cl0016+16. For the cluster A85 we find evidence for a cooling flow. The best candidate for a SZ measurement is the cluster 0016+16.
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We present CHANDRA X-ray and NTT optical observations of the distant z=0.52 galaxy cluster RBS380 -- the most distant cluster of the ROSAT Bright Source (RBS) catalogue. We find diffuse, non-spherically symmetric X-ray emission with a X-ray luminosity of L_X(0.3-10 keV)=1.6 10^(44) erg/s, which is lower than expected from the RBS. The reason is a bright AGN in the centre of the cluster contributing considerably to the X-ray flux. This AGN could not be resolved with ROSAT. In optical wavelength we identify several galaxies belonging to the cluster. The galaxy density is at least 2 times higher than expected for such a X-ray faint cluster, which is another confirmation of the weak correlation between X-ray luminosity and optical richness. The example of the source confusion in this cluster shows how important high-resolution X-ray imaging is for cosmological research.
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We (Vikhlinin, McNamara, Forman, Jones, Hornstrup, Quintana) have completed a new survey of distant clusters of galaxies, which we use to to study cluster evolution over cosmological timescales. The clusters were identified as extended X-ray sources in 650 ROSAT PSPC images of high Galactic latitude fields. Our catalog of approximately 230 extended X-ray sources covers 160 square degrees on the sky. Ours is the largest of the several ROSAT serendipitous cluster surveys in progress (e.g. SHARC, Rosati, WARPS etc.). Using V,R,I imagery obtained at several observatories, we find that greater than 90% of the X-ray sources are associated with distant clusters of galaxies. We have obtained spectroscopic redshifts for nearly 80 clusters in our catalog, and we have measured photometric redshifts for the remaining clusters. Our sample contains more than 20 clusters at z > 0.5. I will discuss the logN-logS relationship for our clusters. Because our large survey area, we are able to confirm the evolution of the most luminous distant clusters first seen in the Einstein Extended Medium Sensitivity Survey. In addition, I will discuss the relationships between optical richness, core radius, and X-ray luminosity for distant, X-ray-selected clusters.
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I review the use of ROSAT over the last years for the investigation of well localized gamma-ray burst (GRB) error boxes. In particular, I cover (i) the systematic study of several dozens of IPN locations using the ROSAT All-Sky-Survey data, (ii) results of deep ROSAT pointings of selected small GRB error boxes, (iii) the attempts for and results of quick follow-up observations after GRB events including the three GRBs localized with BeppoSAX, (iv) the correlation of GRB locations with serendipitous ROSAT pointings and (v) the search for X-ray flashes in the database of pointed ROSAT observations.
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I review the use of ROSAT over the last years for the investigation of well localized gamma-ray burst (GRB) error boxes. In particular, I cover (i) the systematic study of several dozens of IPN locations using the ROSAT All-Sky-Survey data, (ii) results of deep ROSAT pointings of selected small GRB error boxes, (iii) the attempts for and results of quick follow-up observations after GRB events including the three GRBs localized with BeppoSAX, (iv) the correlation of GRB locations with serendipitous ROSAT pointings and (v) the search for X-ray flashes in the database of pointed ROSAT observations.
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We present the preparation for an observation of the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect with the 100m telescope in Effelsberg. We calculate the expected diminution of the cosmic microwave background radiation (CMB) at radio wavelength towards a small sample of clusters of galaxies: A85, A665, and Cl0016+16. We obtain the required parameters from the X-ray analysis of ROSAT PSPC data of these clusters. We derive expected central diminutions \Delta T_R,max of -(440\pm 180)\mu K for A665 and -(810\pm 680)\mu K for Cl0016+16. For the cluster A85 we find evidence for a cooling flow. The best candidate for a SZ measurement is the cluster 0016+16.
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