Lipemia Interferences in Biochemical Tests, Investigating the Efficacy of Different Removal Methods in comparison with Ultracentrifugation as the Gold Standard
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Introduction. As a common interferer in clinical chemistry, lipemic specimens could be a source of significant analytical errors. Ultracentrifugation has been by far the only reliable, but an unavailable and expensive, method to eliminate the lipemic effect. Materials and Methods. Among the daily samples, those with triglyceride >400 mg/dL (4.6 mmol/L) and also turbid were selected, divided into three groups, based on triglyceride concentration, and three pooled serums were made for each group. Then all pooled serums were investigated by using a DIRUI biochemistry analyzer CS-800 for routine chemistry tests in different methods including direct measurement, serum blank, serum dilution, and measurement after ultracentrifugation.According to our study, there were significant differences before and after ultracentrifugation in all lipemic levels and for all parameters except for alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), bilirubin, and uric acid. Based on allowable inaccuracy for each parameter, calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, total protein, iron, total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), urea, and chloride are being influenced by all lipemic degree and neither serum dilution nor using serum blank is as effective as ultracentrifuge for elimination. Serum blank was a proper method of lipid removal for the measurement of glucose.Lipemia is a well-known interferer in clinical chemistry. One cannot avoid lipemia, but fortunately, severe lipemia is a rare phenomenon in the laboratory, and for assessment of some analytes in a lower degree of lipemia, use of serum blank eliminates the need for ultracentrifuge.Keywords:
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Analytical Ultracentrifugation
Background: Camel and sheep have high disperse and tolerance in tropical regions. But different results of harsh condition tolerance ability of them have been reported. ObjectiveS: The objective of this study was to determine the heat stress tolerance in camel and sheep by evaluating changes in blood serum metabolites and to report and compare the serum biochemical profile of sheep and camel during long heat stress of warm summer. Methods: In this experiment, blood metabolites of camel and sheep were taken and compared with each other in four consecutive months during warm months (high summer). Results: There was a significant difference between the values of urea, glucose, total protein, albumin, phosphors, calcium, ALT, ALP, uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride, total bilirubin, and LDH of sheep and camels. Overall urea, glucose, total protein, albumin, phosphors, and calcium values were significantly higher in camels compared to sheep (p<0.01). Oppositely, sheep had significant higher values for uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride, total bilirubin, and LDH (p<0.01). However AST and creatinine were not significantly different between sheep and camels. ConclusionS: Sheep sensitivity to heat stress was appeared in increasing in uric acid, cholesterol, triglyceride, total bilirubin, and LDH values compared to camel; so as it might be told sheep had more lipolysis-pattern during heat stress; their high blood LDH and total bilirubin were signs of red blood cell rupture or liver damage; and significant higher blood uric acid value in sheep makes them susceptive to a kidney problem such as gout.
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Abstract High performance liquid chramatography has been used to analyse various commercial urea, creatinine, bilirubin and uric acid standards. This technique has demonstrated variation in the purity of standards from different manufacturers and also the instability of urea, bilirubin and uric acid standards following storage.
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Blood urea nitrogen
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Evaluating effectiveness of ultracentrifugation for removal of interference caused by lipemia in estimation of amylase, urea, creatinine, glucose and uric acid - IJCBR- Print ISSN No: - 2394-6369 Online ISSN No:- 2394-6377 Article DOI No:- 10.18231/j.ijcbr.2019.116, International Journal of Clinical Biochemistry and Re
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Background. The study of the effect of end products of protein and nucleic acid metabolism on the immune system is of interest not only theoretical but also practical in line with the problems of urotoxins and hemodialysis. In previous studies, we found significant links between uricemia and uricosuria, on the one hand, and immune parameters, on the other hand. In this study, the spectrum of nitrogenous metabolites was expanded due to creatinine, urea and bilirubin. Material and methods. Experiment was performed on 60 healthy female Wistar rats. The plasma level and urinary excretion of the nitrogenous metabolites were determined. Immune status was assessed by thymocytogram, splenocytogram, blood leukocytogram and immunocytogram, as well as phagocytosis of blood neutrophils and monocytes. Results. Both negative and positive metabolic-immune correlations were revealed. Calculation of multiple correlation coefficients between individual metabolite parameters and constellations of immune parameters revealed the maximum immunotropic effect of uricosuria (R=0,637). This is followed by excretion of urea (R=0,617) and creatinine (R=0,606), bilirubinemia (R=0,589), creatinineemia (R=0,567), uricemia (R=0,566) and plasma urea level (R=0,500). The canonical correlation between the constellation of nitrogenous metabolites, on the one hand, and the parameters of immunity, on the other hand, was very strong: R=0,921; χ2(154)=282; p<10-6. Conclusion. Nitrogen metabolites exhibit significant immunotropic activity, both suppressor and enhancing.
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Abstract Beckman aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid liquid Reagents for Synchron CX 4/5 (48, 48, 25, 60, 26, and 30 cents US/test, respectively) are expensive. We have established our own methods for serum AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid (6, 6, 5, 12, 13, and 6 cents US/test, respectively) using Ames Sera‐Pak reagents. Linearity of our AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid methods were either similar to or higher than the Beckman mehtods. The within run and day‐to‐day run precisions were acceptable. Recovery of our AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid wee excellent. Our results for AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid correlated well with the Beckman results. Bilirubin (340.8 μmol/L) did not significantly interfere on our AST, ALT, cholesterol, triglycerides, and urea, while its concentrations of 165.8 μmol/L started giving negative interference on uric acid. Turbidity (2 + ) did not interfere significantly on our AST and ALT but started giving positive interference on cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid. Hemolysis (2 + ) gave positive interference on our cholesterol, triglycerides, urea, and uric acid. Stability of Ames Sera‐Pak working reagents was at least 30 days for AST, ALT, urea, and uric acid and 40 days for cholesterol and triglycerides. © 1992 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.
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A method for monitoring valproic acid in serum with a fluoroimmunoassay is described. The evaluation was performed with run-to-run and within-run reproducibility, dilution, and recovery tests. The interferences of hemoglobin, bilirubin, and triglycerides were checked, and a comparison with a gas liquid chromatographic method was also performed. The between-run and within-run coefficients of variation were < 5.2 and 2.6%, respectively. The method gave satisfactory results in dilution tests and a high correlation with a gas liquid chromatographic method (r = 0.98). The percentage of recovery was > 97%. No interference from hemolysis, bilirubin, or triglycerides was observed. The accuracy and simplicity of this method make it suitable for routine laboratory use.
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