Dopamine Grafted Iron-Loaded Waste Silk for Fenton-Like Removal of Toxic Water Pollutants
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Dispersion of iron was achieved on waste silk fibers (wSF) after grafting of polydopamine (PDA). The catalytic activity of the resulting material (wSF-DA/Fe) was investigated in Fenton-like removal of toxic aromatic dyes (Methylene Blue, Cationic Violet X-5BLN, and Reactive Orange GRN) water. The dye removal yield reached 98%, 99%, and 98% in 10-40 min for Methylene Blue, Cationic Violet X-5BLN, and Reactive Orange GRN, respectively. The catalytic activity was explained in terms of the effects of temperature, dyes, and electrolytes. In addition, the kinetic study showed that the removal of dyes followed pseudo-1st order adsorption kinetics. These findings allow envisaging the preparation of fiber-based catalysts for potential uses in environmental and green chemistry.Keywords:
Methylene blue
Cationic polymerization
Reactive dye
Based on synthetic Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye,this paper studies the dyeing technological conditions of silk fabrics with Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye under salt-free neutral conditions. The experiment results show that optimal process conditions of dyeing are as follows: dyeing temperature 100 ℃,heat preservation for 50 min. This dye process has a high dye-uptake and fixation rate for silk fabrics under salt-free neutral conditions. Meanwhile,dyed silk fabrics have a high color fastness to rubbing and washing. Dyeing of silk fabrics with Pyridine Triazine cationic reactive dye has simple process and low production cost.
Cationic polymerization
Reactive dye
Triazine
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Abstract Shaddock peel was found to be a novel low-cost and locally available adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from dye wastewater. The effects of initial pH, adsorbent diameter, dye concentration and contact time on the adsorption of MB were studied. MB could be removed effectively when initial pH ⩾ 6. The adsorption data fitted very well with the Langmuir adsorption model and the maximum adsorption capacity was 305.81 mg/g at 303 K. The adsorption process followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. The results indicated that shaddock peel is a promising adsorbent for the removal of MB from dye wastewater.
Methylene blue
Langmuir adsorption model
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Natural (Dab shell and Latkan) dyes were extracted by the conventional method. Blended it with synthetic (Reactive Red and Methyl orange) dyes, applied on silk and cotton fibre and observed their dyeing effects. It was found that in case of silk fibre using dab shell + latkan dyes + Reactive Red dye and dab shell + Latkan dye + Methyl orange produced deep chocolate and deep brown colour and shades. But in case of cotton fibre the colour and shade changed to light pink and light cream shade respectively. Light and washing fastness were also observed both kinds of fibre and found fine fastness to light and then washing. Key Word: DabShell, Latkan fruits, Reactive Red, Methyl Orange, Coper Sulphate, Acetic acid and Soap.
Reactive dye
Natural dye
Methyl orange
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Silk fabric is treated with a synthetic s-triazine modifier followed by dyed with cationic fluorescent dyes. The results show that the optimum modification is: modifier 7%, adsorption at p H value of 3for 15 min, fixation at p H value of 8 for 45 min, and modifying at 90 ℃. The optimum dyeing is: 90 ℃ for30 min at p H value of 7. With the above process, the silk dyeings feature stronger absorption to dyes and better color fastnesses to rubbing and washing.
Cationic polymerization
Rubbing
Natural dye
Reactive dye
Acid dye
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Rayon/cotton interweave fabric is modified with cationic modifier CR2000 to improve the dye uptake.The cationic modification process and the reactive dyeing process are discussed.The optimum cationic modification process is determined as follows: reacting at 80 ℃ for 60 min with CR2000 20 g/L,NaOH 8 g/L and bath ratio 1∶10.The optimum dyeing process with reactive red RGB is dyeing at 80 ℃ for 60 min with pH value 7 and bath ratio 1∶10.The reactive dyeings feature high color yield,good color fastness,high dye utilization and reduced COD value of dyeing effluent.
Cationic polymerization
Reactive dye
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An low-cost and eco-friendly activated carbon from the fruits of Mimusops Elengi ( Makhizam Poo ) has been used in this study to remove methylene blue from an industrial dyeing effluent . The effect of variation of initial concentration of dye solution on the adsorption of dye from an industrial effluent, the optimum contact time for effective adsorption of dye has been studied and compared with that of commercially available activated carbon. The applicability of adsorption isotherms to study the adsorption behaviour has also been analyzed. An increase in the percentage removal of methylene blue from 35.7 to 63.3% with ACM in 180 minutes of agitation time was noted when the initial concentration of methylene blue obtained from a dyeing industrial effluent was varied from 1000 to 600mg/L. The favourable value of RL in the Langmuir adsorption data shows the feasibility of the adsorption process.
Methylene blue
Langmuir adsorption model
Industrial effluent
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The effect of cationic modification of cotton fabrics, using commercial agent Sintegal V7conc, on reactive dyeing characteristics was studied in this work. The changes after cationization and their effects on practical application of reactive dyes were identified by various methods. Cationically modified fabrics have more positive zeta potential, compared to untreated fabrics, which has a favorable influence on reactive dyeing in the absence or presence of salt. Color intensities of reactive dyes reached their maximum on samples treated with the highest concentration of Sintegal V7conc solution and dyed in the presence of standard salt concentration. The results obtained indicate that color intensity increase is a combined contribution of both salt and cationic agent on adsorption and fixation of reactive dyes on cotton.
Cationic polymerization
Reactive dye
Zeta potential
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The cationic cotton was obtained by pretreatment with tertiary amine cationic polyacrylamide, and dyed with various active groups reactive dyes in the absence of salt. The influences of reactive dye structures on dyeing properties were analyzed and the results showed that types of active groups in reactive dyes had little effect on dye exhaustion, but it was quite relative with dye reactivity and fixation. Reactive dyes with low molecular weight and more anionic groups were adsorbed more quickly on the cationic cotton and their adsorption time to reach adsorption equilibrium was shorter, compared with that with large molecular weight and less anionic groups. Moreover, exhaustion of reactive dyes with large molecular structures decreased due to sterically hindered effect in the salt-free dyeing. The results also displayed that the monochlorotriazine reactive dyes and the vinyl-sulfone ones were favorable to dye the cationic cotton without salt addition.
Cationic polymerization
Reactive dye
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A novel polyquaternaryammonium cationic sulphur black dye was synthesized and its dyeing behavior on silk was studied. The dye exhibited excellent dyeing fixation of up to 98.2 %,as well as excellent dyeing fastness on silk.
Cationic polymerization
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An improved multivoltine variety of Rajshahi silk fabric is used as material for investigation. This fabric is degummed to remove sericin, as sericin is soluble in hot water and highly responsible for the fading of dyed silk after washing. Rajshahi silk fabric is dyed with Reactive Brown 10 and Direct Orange 31 dyes. The color of the silk fabric becomes even and bright when it is dyed with 2.0% Reactive Brown 10 and 2.5% Direct Orange 31 after 50-60 minutes at 80-100°C. To achieve fast color, the silk fabric is treated with six modifying conditions prior to dyeing and among them, comparatively better modifying conditions are selected on the basis of color fastness upon exposure to sunlight in air and wash fastness in a soap solution. The modified Rajshahi silk fabric with 30% CH 3 COOH and 20% tannic acid together show better dyeing properties than modifications with other conditions and unmodified silk fabric. Direct Orange 31 shows better colorfastness than Reactive Brown 10 after exposure to sunlight in air and also after washing with a soap solution.
Reactive dye
Sericin
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