Evaluation of NPSZnB fertilizer levels on yield and yield component of maize (Zea mays L.) at Laelay Adiyabo and Medebay Zana districts, Western Tigray, Ethiopia
Tekulu KinfeTsadik TadeleBerhe TewoldeGebrehiwot WeldegebrealKahsu GebresemaetiMebrahtom SolomonAregawi Goitom
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The use of right amount of fertilizer based on crop requirement has a significant importance for sustainable crop production. Study was undertaken to investigate the effects of NPSZnB blended fertilizer for maize yield production at Laelay Adiyabo and Medebay Zana districts. Seven treatments were used for the field experiment. Treatments were without fertilizer, blanket recommended NP (64 kg N ha-1+69 kg P2O5 ha-1) and five treatments of blended fertilizer rates (150, 200, 250, 300, and 350 kg NPSZnB ha-1). Treatments were laid out in RCBD design with three replications. The results revealed that among fertilizers rates significantly (P ≤ 0.05) affected almost all the maize traits tested except tasseling, silking and maturity in Laelay Adiyabo district. However, in Medebay Zana district except tasseling, silking and maturity, plant height and thousand seeds weight, the rest parameters of above ground biomass yield, stover yield grain yield and harvest index were found significantly (P<0.05) affected by the fertilizer treatments. Highest stover yields (11.12 and 11.76 t ha-1) were obtained from application of 150 and 250 kg NPSZnB ha-1for Laelay Adiyabo and Medebay Zana districts, respectively. At both districts of Laelay Adiyabo and Medebay Zana areas the highest grain yields (3.20 and 2.97 t ha-1) were obtained, respectively from application of NPSZnB fertilizer at the rate of 300 kg ha-1, while the minimum grain yields of both districts were obtained from the control checks. The highest marginal rate of returns of 242 and 255% were obtained from application of 150 kg NPSZnB ha-1in both Laelay Adiyabo and Medebay Zana districts, respectively. Therefore, based on the result obtained from this study 150 kg NPSZnB ha-1 can be recommended as profitable for the production of maize at both districts of the study areas. Key words: Blended fertilizer, maize yield, profitability. Keywords:
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Six unselected lines from the variety ‘Midland’ ( Zea mays ) were compared in single‐ and three‐way crosses to provide estimates of the influence of epistasis on grain yield. Significant estimates of epistasis were obtained involving five of the six lines. In spite of the significance of the estimates, epistatic effects are not considered to be of major importance.
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Maize (Zea mays L.), the American Indian word for corn, in Indian common name makka has various names in different part of world has its literal meaning "a product which sustains life".It mainly produced in temperate regions of the western hemisphere and China; Brazil and several countries in Europe etc.Its production is mainly dominated by top five countries (US, China, Brazil, Mexico and Argentina) accounting for nearly 75%of the world production (Kumar, 2008).In the present study 20 diverse varieties/genotypes were grown in RBD design with three replications during Kharif 2015 to study the genetic parameters viz.ANOVA, GCV, PCV, h2 and Genetic Advance (GA).The results indicates that ANOVA for all the characters viz.cob weight, shelling %, moisture %, initial plant stand, final plant stand, cob count, days to 50% pollen shed, days to 50% silking, days to 70% dry husk, plant height, ear height are highly significant while grain yield showed significant values.The high GCV and PCV values were observed for grain yield, cob weight while moderate GCV and PCV values were shown by moisture %, days to 70% dry husk and cob count.High heritability coupled with high expected genetic advance in per cent of mean was observed for grain yield, cob count, days to 70% dry husk, plant height, and ear height.Conclusively PCV was higher GCV indicates that environmental role in the expression of these traits.
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Pearl millet stover is an important cattle feed particularly in arid areas and nutritional quality traits of the stover become more and more important. Eight commercial and two experimental hybrids of pearl millet were evaluated for stover fodder quality traits and their potential trade-off with stover and grain yield. The stover quality traits analyzed were nitrogen, in vitro digestibility and metabolisable energy content. Highly significant (P<0.01) variations were observed for grain yields (2860 to 4220 kg/ha), stover yields (range 3760 to 4930 kg/ha), stover nitrogen (0.62 to 1.10%), stover in vitro digestibility (37.6 to 46.7%) and stover metabolisable energy (5.26 to 6.88 MJ/kg). Stover nitrogen content was negatively associated with grain and stover yield but no such trade-offs were observed between stover in vitro digestibility and metabolisable energy contents on one hand and grain and stover yield on the other. Hybrid GK 1044 had the lowest stover nitrogen content (0.62%) and highest stover digestibility (46.7%) and metabolisable energy (6.88 MJ/kg), while MLBH 267 with the highest stover nitrogen (1.10%) and the lowest stover digestibility (37.6%) and metabolisable energy (5.26 MJ/kg). These two contrasting hybrids were re-planted on large plots in the second year and their stover tested in vivo with sheep as sole feed. Digestible organic matter intake was significantly higher in GK 1044 than in MLBH 267 (13.5 versus 12.5 gram per kg live weight) and nitrogen balance tended (P<0.10) to be more favourable in GK 1044 than in MLBH 267 (−0.008 versus -0.10 gram per kg live weight. These results show that among commercial high-yielding pearl millet hybrids, some can be found with high grain and stover yield, high stover digestibility and metabolisable energy. The observations from the feeding trial suggest that stover in vitro digestibility and metabolisable energy are more important than stover nitrogen content in determining stover quality.
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