Long-term Joint Scheduling for Urban Traffic
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Recently, the traffic congestion in modern cities has become a growing worry for the residents. As presented in Baidu traffic report, the commuting stress index has reached surprising 1.973 in Beijing during rush hours, which results in longer trip time and increased vehicular queueing. Previous works have demonstrated that by reasonable scheduling, e.g, rebalancing bike-sharing systems and optimized bus transportation, the traffic efficiency could be significantly improved with little resource consumption. However, there are still two disadvantages that restrict their performance: (1) they only consider single scheduling in a short time, but ignoring the layout after first reposition, and (2) they only focus on the single transport. However, the multi-modal characteristics of urban public transportation are largely under-exploited. In this paper, we propose an efficient and economical multi-modal traffic scheduling scheme named JLRLS based on spatio -temporal prediction, which adopts reinforcement learning to obtain optimal long-term and joint schedule. In JLRLS, we combines multiple transportation to conduct scheduling by their own characteristics, which potentially helps the system to reach the optimal performance. Our implementation of an example by PaddlePaddle is available at https://github.com/bigdata-ustc/Long-term-Joint-Scheduling, with an explaining video at https://youtu.be/t5M2wVPhTyk.Regression discontinuity design
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This paper makes use of the investigation data on time allocation made by Research Center of Leisure Economy of China,Remin University of China in August,2006 and Beijing Statistics Bureau in 1986 to analyze the changes in Beijing citizen' living style during the 20 years.It reports Beijing citizen's living in work and leisure and its changes.
Leisure time
Standard of living
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Beijing Breakfast Program is one of 60 practical matters done by Beijing Municipal Government for Beijing citizens in 2002. Beijing Municipal Bureau of Commerce committed the investigation to Beijing Commercial Information Consultant Center so as to understand deeply the situation of the program in 2002. The investigation combines the method of spot check and questionnaire, and draws the conclusion for management people through analyzing the date.
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Objective To evaluate the performance of diagnosis-related groups,Beijing version (BJ-DRGs) which were locally developed in Beijing.Method A total of 1.3 million inpatient records from 149 hospitals in Beijing in 2008 were drawn from Beijing Public Information Center.Coefficient of variation (CV) was used to measure the performance of DRGs system.Results BJ-DRGs produced the best CV results for expenditure.Conclusions Under Beijing's medical information condition,BJ-DRGs produced good performance.
Key words:
Diagnosis-related groups (DRGs) ; Performance evaluation; International comparison
Center (category theory)
Medical record
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세계의 많은 도시들은 국제 행사의 개최를 통해 각 도시의 인지도와 이미지를 제고하려는 노력을 기울이고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대형 스포츠 이벤트인 2008 베이징 올림픽이 베이징 이미지에 미치는 영향에 대해 부산시민 197명에 대한 설문조사를 실시하여 살펴보았다. 수집된 자료의 분석 결과, 주말의 베이징올림픽 시청시간은 베이징에 대한 친밀감, 베이징에 대한 태도와 정적인 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 나타났다. 베이징에 대한 친밀감과 베이징 올림픽 게임 운영에 대한 평가는 베이징에 대한 이미지, 베이징에 대한 태도, 베이징에 대한 방문의도에 유의미한 영향을 미치고, 그 중에서 베이징에 대한 친밀감이 더욱 큰 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. Many cities in the world are trying to enhance city awareness and city image through international events. In this study, the impact of 2008 Beijing Olympic Games on Beijing Image was investigated by survey. According to the result of data analysis, there is a positive correlation between the watching time of Beijing Olympic Games on TV in weekend and familiarity to Beijing. And there is a positive correlation between the watching time of Beijing Olympic Games on TV in weekend and attitude toward Beijing, too. Familiarity to Beijing and Beijing Olympic Games management have an significant impact on Beijing image, attitude toward Beijing and intention to visit Beijing. Familiarity to Beijing than Beijing Olympic Games management has a larger impact on Beijing image and attitude toward Beijing.
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Traffic congestion in Beijing is obvious to all. Especially, it is daunting during the peak hours. The harms it causes are well known. Relevant governmental departments have taken some measures, but the effect is not obvious. Successful foreign experience shows that the first priority of solving the traffic congestion is to solve the problem of public transport congestion. Public transport congestion in Beijing is very serious for everyone. Australia is one of the countries in the world that is recognized public traffic management well. Therefore, by combing the Australian public traffic management measures and referring to public traffic management in Beijing according to subway and bus as main public transports in Beijing, public transport congestion in Beijing will be improved, and the traffic congestion in Beijing will be improved, and Beijing will be more beautiful, and better life in Beijing will be made.
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Establishment of Beijing Studies is necessary to objective reality.Genuine Beijing Studies should be a scientific theoretical system,which can bring to light the more deep mysteries about Beijing,based on the respective researches.In future,the main orientation and tasks of Beijing Studies are to strenthen the basic theoretical research on it,develop the applied research widely and deeply,pay great attantion to propaganda for Beijing Studies and strenthen the scientific research conditions and the contingent construction of the Institute of Beijing Studies of Beijing Union University.
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Adopting both questionnaire and interview studies,the paper analyzes the motivation of college volunteers in Beijing Olympic Games and the change of motivations.In this study,the subjects are volunteers in Beijing Olympic Games from 16 departments in Beijing Normal University.Through the study,some suggestions are posed to improve the voluntary work.
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When the Institute of Beijing Studies in Beijing Union University was founded in 1998,Prof.HOU Ren-zhi wrote the inscription for the Institute: Be established in Beijing,Study Beijing,Serve Beijing,which set forth accurately the mission of the Institute.From then on,Prof.HOU has always been having the Beijing Studies at heart.His substantial results from and deep thinking for Beijing historical Geography are the firm base of Beijing Studies and guiding it forward.His academic thoughts and research spirit is influencing,guiding,and promoting the development of Beijing Studies all the time.
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Beijing is the capital of China and a typical super large-sized city. The study of the interrelationship between lifestyles and transport in Beijing is of paramount significance to learning on the interrelationship between lifestyles and transport in China’s super large-sized cities. This chapter analyses Beijing residents’ lifestyle changes in the past 40 years, as well as the connections and interactions between residents’ lifestyles and travel behaviour as it concerns consumption, time use and activities. In addition, based on the Questionnaire Survey on Jobs-Housing Balance in Beijing, residents’ lifestyles are categorised through clustering analysis, and SEM is used to study the impacts of Beijing residents’ lifestyles on their travel behaviour.
Capital city
Questionnaire
Consumption
Capital (architecture)
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