Ultrasensitive NO Gas Sensor Based on the Graphene Oxide-Coated Long-Period Fiber Grating
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An ultrasensitive nitric oxide (NO) gas sensor based on the graphene oxide (GO)-coated long-period fiber grating (LPFG) was constructed successfully because of its excellent sensitivity to the surrounding refractive index (SRI) change. The surface morphology and structure of GO coated on LPFG were characterized by the scanning electron microscope (SEM), scanning probe microscope (SPM), and Raman spectroscopy, respectively. The adsorption principle of NO molecules by GO was calculated in detail by density functional theory (DFT) and further characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-TR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Our studies demonstrate that the adsorption principle of NO molecules by GO was the combined effect of physical adsorption and chemical adsorption because of the formation of C-N bonds between GO and NO and the oxidization of NO to NO2. The NO sensor exhibits excellent sensing performance in the NO concentration range of 0 to 400 ppm.Keywords:
Long-period fiber grating
In this paper, we demonstrate long-period grating fiber sensors incorporated with fiber Bragg grating demodulation. The sensor exhibit high sensitivity to temperature and strain and are able to respond to dynamic measurands in real-time. The simple demodulation makes long-period grating fiber sensor useful for strain and temperature sensing applications.
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Long-period fiber grating
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The method and the required installations for fabricating tapered long-period fiber gratings can be simpler than that of the standard fiber Bragg gratings, and the fabrication process is faster. To our knowledge the fiber-optic tapered long-period fiber grating pressure sensor is presented here for the first time. In this paper the fabrication method for tapered long-period fiber gratings, the sensing principle, the sensor structure, the measurement set-up and the preliminary results are presented and discussed. The pressure sensitivity of the sensor is as high as 5.1 pm/bar.
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Long-period fiber grating
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A simple refractive index sensor based on a fat long period fiber grating (FLPFG) in a single-mode fiber is constructed and demonstrated. The sensor consists of periodical fattening region in a short piece of single-mode fiber. In this method, the fiber fattening is realized by applying a standard fusion splicing procedure on single mode optical fiber. The sensitivity of the sensor is 7.5 x 10-5 which the sensitivity is enhanced to the other kinds of long period fiber grating (LPFG).
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SIMULTANEOUS STRAIN AND TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT USING COMBINED FIBER AND FIBER BRAGG GRATING SENSORS
We propose here a new technique for simultaneous strain and temperature measurement using a Fiber Bragg Grating sensors. This technique employs an interferometric detection using two Fiber Bragg Gratings. A fiber Bragg grating is used as a reference while another fiber Bragg grating and a length of a bare fiber are used as the two sensing elements. As the temperature and strain change, the length of the sensing elements, (Fiber and Fiber Bragg Grating) change. These changes result in a phase and wavelength shifts. To measure these effects we use a Folded Mach Zhender interferometer, and a detection system made out of two photodiodes and data processing system. The sensitivity and dynamic range are analyzed and presented.
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Long-period fiber grating
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The basic principle of temperature sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is analyzed. A fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is designed and produced. Using fiber Bragg grating as the sensor, fiber Bragg grating analyzer to demodulation the wavelength shift, the relationship between FBG wavelength shift and temperature is measured. Experimental result shows that the temperature sensitivity of fiber Bragg grating temperature sensor is 12.2pm/°C.
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Long-period fiber grating
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Fiber Bragg Grating
Long-period fiber grating
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A simple refractive index sensor based on a fat long period fiber grating (FLPFG) in a single-mode fiber is constructed and demonstrated. The sensor consists of periodical fattening region in a short piece of single-mode fiber. In this method, the fiber fattening is realized by applying a standard fusion splicing procedure on single mode optical fiber. The sensitivity of the sensor is 7.5 ×10-5 which the sensitivity is enhanced to the other kinds of long period fiber grating (LPFG).
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Long-period fiber grating
Fiber Bragg Grating
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The use of a fiber Fabry–Perot filter for detecting the wavelength shift of a fiber Bragg grating sensor or network of sensor elements along a commonfiber path is described. Results obtained by using a system with four sensor elements are presented.
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The U.S. Navy is developing advanced fiber optic sensors for machinery monitoring and diagnosis. Robust, inexpensive fiber sensors which can be embedded into metal structures are desired in order to make strain and temperature measurements close to the expected machinery fault. The use of several types of fiber sensors was considered for embedding applications. This paper compares the properties and performance of optical fiber-based long-period and Bragg grating temperature, strain and refractive index sensors. The comparison is based on magnitude of spectral shift of the resonance bands, cross-sensitivity to undesired perturbations, bend sensitivity, and the ease and cost of demodulating the grating signal. The sensitivities of the long-period grating sensors were found to be strong functions of the fiber parameters. Although the long-period grating sensors displayed undesired cross-sensitivities and dependence on fiber bends, they exhibited larger spectral shifts than the short-period fiber Bragg grating sensors and can be employed with relatively inexpensive sensor demodulation methods. These features and the fact that the long-period grating sensors are more economical to manufacture make them a strong candidate for naval machinery monitoring applications.
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Long-period fiber grating
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The method and the required installations for fabricating tapered long-period fiber gratings can be simpler than that of the standard fiber Bragg gratings, and the fabrication process is faster. To our knowledge the fiber-optic tapered long-period fiber grating pressure sensor is presented here for the first time. In this paper the fabrication method for tapered long-period fiber gratings, the sensing principle, the sensor structure, the measurement set-up and the preliminary results are presented and discussed. The pressure sensitivity of the sensor is as high as 5.1 pm/bar
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Long-period fiber grating
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