A Genetic Study of a Newly Found Population of Siberian Salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii (Amphibia, Caudata)
Masafumi MatsuiNatsuhiko YoshikawaTomoko Tanaka-UenoTakanori SatoSen TakenakaShigeharu TeruiYasuyuki OppataA Tominaga
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Abstract:
We sequenced mitochondrial cytochrome b gene of 14 samples of Siberian salamander, Salamandrella keyserlingii, from a population newly found in Kamishihoro-cho, eastern Hokkaido, Japan, and conducted phylogenetic analysis to reveal genetic identity of the population. The Kamishihoro population was most closely related to the geographically adjacent Kushiro population from Hokkaido, but possessed a single, unique haplotype. This result indicates that the Kamishihoro population is not an introduced, but a native population. Salamandrella keyserlingii is thought to have been once widespread throughout Sakhalin to Hokkaido, but the range was greatly narrowed subsequently in Hokkaido, with the divergence of the Kamishihoro and Kushiro populations at 0.34 MYBP, Middle Pleistocene.Keywords:
Genetic divergence
Salamandra
Chytridiomycosis
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In this paper we describe the courtship behavior of the plethodontid salamander Desmogna- thus monticola. Three consecutive phases of courtship progression are apparent: a long period of orientation of the male to the female, a short period of persuasion of the female by the male (involving both tactile and chemical stimulation), and a very short period of tail-straddle walk, during which indirect sperm transfer is attempted. Comparison of our observations with those of two other authors suggests that the presence of certain male behavior patterns may vary geographically in this species. Courtship in D. monticola is compared with that of other congeneric salamanders, in anticipation of a formal phylogenetic analysis of behavioral evolution for the entire subfamily Desmognathinae.
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Courtship behavior of Semirechensk salamander, Ranodon sibiricus , in captivity was observed. Fertilization of eggs of this species of amphibian is of a typical hynobiid nature. Some details of courtship behavior in Ranodon sibiricus and Hynobius retardatus are compared and discussed.
Captivity
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Abstract Appendage regeneration is one of the most compelling phenomena in regenerative biology and is extensively studied in axolotls and newts. However, the regenerative capacity in other families of salamanders remains poorly described. Here we characterize the limb regeneration process in Bolitoglossa ramosi , a direct‐developing terrestrial salamander of the plethodontid family. We (1) describe the major morphological features at different stages of limb regeneration, (2) show that appendage regeneration in a terrestrial salamander varies from other amphibians and (3) show that limb regeneration in this species is considerably slower than in axolotls and newts (95 days post‐amputation for complete regeneration) despite having a significantly smaller genome size than axolotls or newts.
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Regenerative process
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