EHEC O104:H4 outbreak 2011 in Europe: a new tool to support the outbreak investigations on governmental side
Armin A. WeiserSusan GrossAnika SchielkeJan-Frederik WiggerA. EmertJulian AdolphsMatthias FilterAlexandra FetschChristine Müller‐GrafAnnemarie KäsbohrerO. Mosbach-SchulzBernd AppelMatthias Greiner
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Abstract:
Traceability of food supply on the basis of disease clusters (= places with known exposures + indisposition by people, e.g. hotels, restaurants, etc.) combined with epidemiological analysis is the method of choice in outbreak situations, particularly when the bacteriological proof of the agent in the incriminated food is lacking. The critical point is to collect and organize data about the supply chains. The method developed here is based on Excel templates for data suppliers (e.g. companies, state agencies, local veterinary offices). To compensate the disadvantages of Excel-based data exchange (manual data entry is very time consuming and error-prone), a new database infrastructure was developed, providing automatic support for data correction. In the EHEC outbreak in 2011, the newly developed system has proved to be very effective. It is applicable to all types of food, easy to handle in outbreak investigationsand also allows for a combined forward- and backward-tracing. For significant improvement of the tracing process, the development of a data management system is required, that allows for rapid deployment of electronic data delivery, while ensuring the confidentiality of the data.Keywords:
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Currently, the food safety problem has become a serious problem and the research aims to develop a set of traceability system which can be applied in the food. The Internet-based cloud computing solution was adopted to manage the database on the source area of the food and production time and achieve the real-time inquiry through the phone. With the test, the system can realize the online inquiry on the origin of each food. The system can effectively prevent the occurrence of food safety accident and it plays an important role for the maintenance of food safety.
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At present, the food safety problem is getting more and more serious. With the decreasing in the credibility of government and confidence in food safety of consumers, food safety inspection authorities are under great stress. More attentions should be paid to not only improving the food safety environment as soon as possible but ensuring the food quality and safety effectively in China. Currently, various Chinese departments have spent a lot of money and manpower to establish relevant food traceability systems. As a research team which has been engaged in the development and application of the traceability system for years, this paper will provide some methods to achieve the effective traceability and outline the meaning of the traceability system. The usefulness of analysis of the proposed traceability systems by scientific methods and the establishment of the Key Elements of Food Safety Data Analysis System are considered. According to the above methods, useful and powerful data could be provided to improve the enterprise management level, enhance the governmental regulation effect and eliminate the distrust of customers.
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Requirements Traceability
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Abstract Food-borne diseases are a leading cause of illness and death in many developing countries and thus, there is a real need to develop affordable and practical technologies that can help improve food safety in these countries. The ability to efficiently identify food pathogens is essential to allow national regulatory authorities to monitor food quality and implement safety protocols. In this study, we have developed a simple, low-cost ($0.76 (USD)) complete food pathogen diagnostic workflow ideally suited for deployment in low-resource environments that uses a simple four step process (sample enrichment, cell lysis, DNA amplification, and naked-eye readout). The minimal number of steps and equipment involved in our diagnostic workflow, as well as the simplicity of the yes/no flocculation readout, allows non-technical personnel to perform and interpret the assay. To evaluate the system’s performance, we tested the entire system on fresh produce samples collected from local farms and markets in Cambodia for the presence of the E. coli O157 O-antigen polymerase, wzy . Although this was a proof-of-concept study, our system successfully revealed a clear correlation between the origin and condition of the produce collected and their likelihood of contamination. In conclusion, we believe that our easy-to-perform diagnostic system can have a significant impact on improving food quality and human health if adopted by regulatory authorities in developing countries due to the assay’s simplicity, affordability, and adaptability.
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Transparency of livestock supply chain management is still a significant problem in Indonesia due to the unavailability of data and information accessible by the stakeholders of cattle supply chains. It is difficult to obtain information for queries, monitoring, and control purposes at any node along cattle supply chains, and thus introducing some risks of insecurity and uncertainty of cattle conditions along the supply chains. Nowadays, consumers are getting smarter and more curious about selecting healthy and high-quality beef. This requires the provision of an easily and securely accessible traceability and transparency system. The aim of this research is to develop an e-traceability system for cattle supply chains. The proposed e-traceability system was developed on the basis of a web-platform that provides wide access and easy links to all actors within a cattle supply chain and stakeholders. All actors in the cattle supply chain need to be registered and the data related to cattles need to be recorded in the traceability system database for analytic and decision-making. The potential applicability of the developed e-traceability system are examined and demonstrated to highlight the benefits of the system in improving transparency and traceability cattle deliveries from land to table for better managerial tasks.
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Currently,food safety traceability requirements are in insistent demand. Using the internet of things and the important safety data from food production chain,the traceability system was established. Based on ASI. NET technology,the traceability system was designed and used to implement the functions of food safety management and information system traceback. The traceability system is consist of management services system for food quality safety and safe traceability system. Functions for food production,test,inspection and query were achieved. Four clientends were developed,and front-end professional web module and back-end database were established as well. The traceability data was provided by food production enterprises and third-party inspection agencies. It provides an effective platform of production management and quality traceability for food production enterprises. Moreover,an access platform for third-party inspection agencies oriented enterprises and government departments was established. The government regulators can spot check the testing result from production enterprise or third-party inspection agencies so as to efficiently and normatively manage the food producing and circulation.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the relationship between the frequency of publication on food supply chain (FSC) traceability and the occurrence of foodborne diseases outbreaks. Design/methodology/approach A systematic review of the literature was carried out to locate the main articles published in the literature, followed by a content analysis in order to list the main food traceability technologies and their evolutions. Finally, a Spearman’s ρ correlation analysis between the frequency of publications on FSC traceability and the annual occurrence of foodborne outbreaks in the five largest food exporting countries in the world was performed. Findings In these analyses, the tools of radiofrequency, deoxyribonucleic acid, wireless sensor network, hazard analysis and critical control points and Internet of Things are the most researched technologies, and they are relevant in the evolution of traceability in the FSC. With correlation coefficients above 0.700 at 0.01 significance levels, this evolution of food traceability technologies has been one of the factors reducing the number of food outbreaks in the USA and Germany, countries with greater development of the health system and food control. Originality/value This paper provides an evaluation of the food traceability technologies and the effects of their evolutions in the occurrence of food outbreaks. This may help in the proposal of public policies related to food and outbreak control.
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