Double-sided summer-winter vehicle tire: advantages and prospects of industrial production
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Abstract Improvement of the tire design is considered as the main scenario of innovative development of the tire industry. The results of the research work of the employees of the FSBEI of Higher Education “Pskov State University”, who developed a utility model “Double-sided summer-winter pneumatic tire” (Patent for utility model No. 182679), is presented. The design features of the the double-sided summer-winter vehicle tire and the distinctive features that determine its scientific novelty is revealed. Providing the possibility of year-round use of pneumatic tires is highlighted as the main technical problem solved by the proposed utility model. The prospects for the production of the double-sided summer-winter pneumatic tire associates with the possibility of its multiple and periodic overturning. The article specifies the design features of automotive pneumatic tires, which in a particular state are the obstacles for overturning of the tires. The conclusion is made, that the design features determine the possibility and speed of overturning, and the knowledge of the deformation limit values specifies the requirements for the production of this innovative product.Summary An experimental task was constructed to evaluate novelty effects produced by an underlying variety component and by unexpectedness. Ten fifth-grade children were given a set of two-choice preference tests designed to separate the effects of variety from those of novelty in determining children's material reward choices. Results showed that variety, defined contemporaneously, and novelty, defined sequentially, contributed independent collative variance. Variation in experience, distributed temporally as novelty, was preferred to concurrent variation, or variety. The findings suggest that simple variation in experience contributes motivational variance, but it is only when this variation is distributed over time, creating unexpectedness, that novelty's full effects are produced.
Variation (astronomy)
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Novelty Detection
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Current AI systems are designed to solve close-world problems with the assumption that the underlying world is remaining more or less the same. However, when dealing with real-world problems such assumptions can be invalid as sudden and unexpected changes can occur. To effectively deploy AI-powered systems in the real world, AI systems should be able to deal with open-world novelty quickly. Inevitably, dealing with open-world novelty raises an important question of novelty difficulty. Knowing whether one novelty is harder to deal with than another, can help researchers to train their systems systematically. In addition, it can also serve as a measurement of the performance of novelty robust AI systems. In this paper, we propose to define the novelty reaction difficulty as a relative difficulty of performing the known task after the introduction of the novelty. We propose a universal method that can be applied to approximate the difficulty. We present the approximations of the difficulty using our method and show how it aligns with the results of the evaluation of AI agents designed to deal with novelty.
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We analyzed the concepts and requirements of Novelty-searching Points in this paper,and discussed the designing principles and methods of Novelty-searching Points according to the characteristics of research objects,research contents and research methods among medical science projects.
Key words:
Medical science; Novelty retrieval; Novelty-searching points
Medical science
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Relevance
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