ChemInform Abstract: Expeditious Synthesis of 2-Phenylquinazolin-4-amines via a Fe/Cu Relay-Catalyzed Domino Strategy.
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The process is based on an elegant domino reaction between ortho-brominated, chlorinated, iodinated, or fluorinated benzonitriles, aryl or hetarylaldehydes, and sodium azide.Keywords:
Domino
This paper describes a new general purpose electromagnetic relay for use in telephone switching systems. It is a wire spring relay known as the AF type relay and, with variations which provide slow release or marginal characteristics, it is known as the AG and AJ relay, respectively. Fig. 1 shows a typical AF type relay, Fig. 2 shows all of the parts of the relay and Fig. 3 is a drawing showing the relay assembly.
Solid-state relay
Digital protective relay
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Decode-and-forward (D-F) and compress-and-forward (C-F) are two fundamentally different relay strategies proposed by (Cover and El Gamal, 1979). Individually, either of them has been successfully generalized to multi-relay channels. In this paper, to allow each relay node the freedom of choosing either of the two strategies, we propose a unified framework, where both the D-F and C-F strategies can be employed simultaneously in the network. It turns out that, to fully incorporate the advantages of both the best known D-F and C-F strategies into a unified framework, the major challenge arises as follows: For the D-F relay nodes to fully utilize the help of the C-F relay nodes, decoding at the D-F relay nodes should not be conducted until all the blocks have been finished; However, in the multi-level D-F strategy, the upstream nodes have to decode prior to the downstream nodes in order to help, which makes simultaneous decoding at all the D-F relay nodes after all the blocks have been finished inapplicable. To tackle this problem, nested blocks combined with backward decoding are used in our framework, so that the D-F relay nodes at different levels can perform backward decoding at different frequencies. As such, the upstream D-F relay nodes can decode before the downstream D-F relay nodes, and the use of backward decoding at each D-F relay node ensures the full exploitation of the help of both the other D-F relay nodes and the C-F relay nodes. The achievable rates under our unified relay framework are found to combine both the best known D-F and C-F achievable rates and include them as special cases.
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The number of domino tilings of a region with reflective symmetry across a line is combinatorially shown to depend on the number of domino tilings of particular subregions, modulo 4. This expands upon previous congruency results for domino tilings, modulo 2, and leads to a variety of corollaries, including that the number of domino tilings of a k x 2k rectangle is congruent to 1 mod 4.
Domino
Congruence (geometry)
Rectangle
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The mobility of relay has great influence on the performance of a cooperative relay system.This paper proposes a dynamic selection scheme under the amplify-and-forward communication mode in high mobility environment,based on the estimation of channels and the power allocation for each relay node by comparing it with the pre-set threshold.This scheme is used to choose the cooperative relay dynamically for a multiple relay scenario.Simulation results show that this proposed relay selection scheme decreases the outage probability effectively,maintains system capacity well,and improves the performance of the relay system.
Outage Probability
Mode (computer interface)
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Application and selection of a relay are a key question to improve reliability of the system operation.Combining with the system operating characteristic,work enviornment and relay characteristic,the paper describes the system principle of the relay and the selection of quality grade in the relay application and the principle of the relay derating use.The instulation and protecting technology of the relay and the problems for the relay applocation are analyzed.
Derating
Digital protective relay
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In this paper, the preceding relationship between the checkpointing intervals is defined, and the “ reverse precedence” phenomenon is proved to be the essential cause of Domino effect, and three main resolving strategies for Domino effect are presented which are off line or on line Domino avoidance, on line Domino detection and elimination, and on line Domino tolerance.
Domino
Domino Effect
Line (geometry)
Domino logic
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Decode-and-forward (D-F) and compress-and-forward (C-F) are two fundamentally different relay strategies proposed by (Cover and El Gamal, 1979). Individually, either of them has been successfully generalized to multi-relay channels. In this paper, to allow each relay node the freedom of choosing either of the two strategies, we propose a unified framework, where both the D-F and C-F strategies can be employed simultaneously in the network. It turns out that, to fully incorporate the advantages of both the best known D-F and C-F strategies into a unified framework, the major challenge arises as follows: For the D-F relay nodes to fully utilize the help of the C-F relay nodes, decoding at the D-F relay nodes should not be conducted until all the blocks have been finished; However, in the multi-level D-F strategy, the upstream nodes have to decode prior to the downstream nodes in order to help, which makes simultaneous decoding at all the D-F relay nodes after all the blocks have been finished inapplicable. To tackle this problem, nested blocks combined with backward decoding are used in our framework, so that the D-F relay nodes at different levels can perform backward decoding at different frequencies. As such, the upstream D-F relay nodes can decode before the downstream D-F relay nodes, and the use of backward decoding at each D-F relay node ensures the full exploitation of the help of both the other D-F relay nodes and the C-F relay nodes. The achievable rates under our unified relay framework are found to combine both the best known D-F and C-F achievable rates and include them as special cases.
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In this paper, we develop an optimal relay selection strategy for a two-way relay network consisting of two transceivers and multiple relay nodes. Our relay selection approach is based on finding the relay which results in the minimal power consumption in the entire network while ensuring the transceivers' quality of services (QoSs), measured by their received signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs), are above certain given thresholds. We show that such a relay selection scheme yields a closed-form solution for power allocation among the two transceivers and the optimally selected relay.
Transceiver
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Aims: Considering the effect of relay occupancy at relay selection schemes and also proposing a new approach which helps the selection schemes to find the best free relay. Study Design: Comparative study by simulation in MATLAB software. Place and Duration of Study: Digital Communications Signal Processing (DCSP) Lab. of Shahid Rajaee Teacher Training University (SRTTU), Since 1 st June 2012 up to 1 st August 2014. Methodology: In the existing research works, relay-based system is modeled by a pair of transmitter-receiver nodes and a number of relays. Also, it is assumed that the selected relays are always free. In this investigation, the effect of relay occupancy due to other pairs is considered. For this purpose, a uniform distribution is applied for all relays to show the effect of free or busy relay nodes. Then, the performance of the relay selection methods is obtained by using two well-known performance metrics, bit error rate (BER) and outage probability. As the main goal of this research, a new approach is proposed which first finds the free relays and then applies one of the selection
Digital protective relay
Occupancy
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Substituted thiazoles are widely known as natural products, approved drugs, and a number of synthetic compounds as bioactive agents. Due to the worth of this heterocycle nucleus, a large number of synthetic methodologies have been reported over the years to synthesize its derivatives. In this perspective, recent advances in the synthesis of thiazole compounds by using domino/cascade and multicomponent approaches have been summarized.
Thiazole
Domino
Cascade reaction
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