Experiments on fire-resistance performance of fire-resistant steel-concrete composite beams
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Fire performance
Abstract All buildings with human occupation need to be designed to withstand a certain standardized fire time related to the safety of their occupants. Within this context, the structure plays an extremely important role as passive fire protection element. As a result, the use of fire‐resistant steel has been produced and used to decrease the volume of passive protective material and sometimes eliminate it due to the presence of alloying elements such as niobium and molybdenum on its composition whose chemical synergy, coupled with carefully metallurgical processes, can maintain the material's mechanical properties above that those associated with the conventional steel. This paper is part of an extent research and aim to present initial experimental results of the behavior of no protected three side exposed beams under 60 minutes ISO 834 Fire curve with and without fire‐resistant properties. The tests were carried out into a horizontal furnace and the vertical deflection at the thirds of span was measured while the central was calculated based on these measurements. The experiment did not have the intention of investigate the connections, because of that, were stiffened for supporting the large plastic deformations of the specimen
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A series of experiments is being conducted on five 12.8 m long composite floor beams at the newly-commissioned National Fire Research Laboratory at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The test beams were designed according to current U.S. building codes with input and design-review provided by panel of expert practitioners. Each specimen consists of a W18×35 beam and a 1.83 m wide lightweight concrete slab cast over profiled steel deck units. Composite action between the steel beam and concrete slab is achieved using 19 mm diameter steel shear connectors spaced at 305 mm on center. One of the five specimens was tested at ambient temperature to measure its behavior and flexural strength, and to verify the purpose-built mechanical loading system. The remaining four specimens will be tested under simultaneously applied mechanical loading and an enclosure fire using a natural gas fuel delivery system. The beam-to-column connections and rotational restraint of the slab ends over the support girders were varied among those four specimens.
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Fire performance
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In this study, the fire resistance of steel composite beams typically used in building structures was investigated through standard fire and loading tests. For the tests, fire-exposure conditions depending on the steel section shape and load ratio applied to the beams were considered as the test parameters. Based on the test results, the applicability of fire design methods for composite beams recommended in current domestic and overseas fire design codes was analyzed. The results indicate that the current temperature-based design method and reduced flexural capacity method specified by the American Institute of Steel Construction may lead to the conservative fire design of steel composite beams owing to the underestimation of the effects of the fire-exposure conditions and load ratios.
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With wide application of steel-concrete composite beams,the fire design of steel-concrete composite beams has received agreat deal of attention.However,as to date there are very limited studies on fire resistance of steel-concrete composite beams.This paper presents a literature review on experimental and analytical studies of steel-concrete composite beams and the load bearing capacity of studs at elevated temperatures.The progress and issues in current research are summarized.In addition,the design approach of fire resistance of steel-concrete composite beams in current codes and standards are compared,and a design example is presented to illustrate the critical temperature of the beams.At last,the future research on fire resistance of composite beams is proposed.This paper provides a guideline for the study of fire resistance of steel-concrete composite beams.
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As the result of great changes occurring to mechanical properties under high temperature (fire) conditions, steel structures will soon lose the strength and stiffness and lead to structural damage. Through analysis of the steel structure fire resistance design methods under the conditions of high temperature (fire), this article explores the most used fire protection methods in steel structures—brushing or painting fire-resistant coatings, studies the fire-resistance theory of steel structure under fire conditions; in addition, the author proposes the reasonable thickness of the steel structure fire retardant coating of fire-resistant design through design examples.
Fireproofing
Fire protection engineering
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The fire resistance rating of concrete members coated with different thickness of fire-resistant coating was analyzed by experiment in the fire. Studies showed that the impact of CFRP and steel on the temperature field of the specimens was same, the fireproof effect of thick-layer fire-resistant coating for steel structure was obvious, the thickness of the fire-resistant coating and the fire performance are not proportional. It was identified that the best value of the thickness of fire-resistant coating is 40mm, and it provided the basis for fire protection design of reinforced concrete members after reinforcement.
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The mechanical property of rolled steel at high temperature was analyzed in the point view of fire-resistant,some general fire-resistant design methods of steel structure and fire protection measurements were discussed reference to national and international materials,and the development trend of fire-resistant study of steel structure was provided in the future,so as to make the design of steel structure more complete.
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In this study, the fire resistance tests of the composite and the steel beam under loading were carried out in order to get fire resistive properties of a composite beam and to obtain basic data for the fire resitance design for CFT-Steel construction. It was observed in the tests that the composite beam under live load and dead load was not collapsed even in high temperature (over 500℃) and thermal expansion of the composite beam has the same tendency as that of the steel beam.
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