Synthesis of catalytically active bimetallic nanoparticles within solution-processable metal–organic-framework scaffolds
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Abstract The sections in this article are Introduction Spherical Core‐Shell Bimetallic Nanoparticles Ag Core /Au shell Nanoparticles Au Core /Ag shell Nanoparticles Silver Enhancement of Gold Nanoparticles DNA ‐Assisted Synthesis of Core‐Shell Nanoparticles Biofunctionalization for the Construction of Core‐Shell Bimetallic Nanostructures Anisotropically Shaped Nanoparticles: Nanorods and Nanowires Surface Modifications NW / NR Functionalization with Protein Molecules NW / NR Functionalization by DNA Detection and Sensing Profunctional Bimetallic Alloys Dendrimer‐Encapsulated Bimetal Nanoparticles Surface Stabilization by Ligand Exchange DNA Metallization Miscellaneous Outlook
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Surface Modification
Nanomaterials
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Nanorod
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Self-organization of metal nanoparticles, which is observed by mixing Ag nanoparticles and precious metal nanoparticles, is applied to the synthesis of Pd/Ag/Rh trimetallic nanoparticles having a Pd-core/Ag-interlayer/Rh-shell structure. These trimetallic nanoparticles work as a more active catalyst for hydrogenation of olefin than the corresponding monometallic and bimetallic nanoparticles.
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1 Results Bimetallic particles in the nanometer size range are of substantial interest due to their vast applications in catalysis[1].The synthesis of bimetallic nanoparticles with definite size with a well-control over their nanostructure remains a challenging problem.Thus there exists a great demand for both synthesis and atomic level characterization of nanostructure of bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs).With the recent advent of high-intensity tunable sources of X-rays,now available at synchrotron radia...
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Characterization
Nanometre
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Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been recently known as novel precursors in nanomaterial synthesis.To understand the mechanism behind the phase transformation in atomic scale, we apply in-situ X-ray pair-distribution analysis to monitor the whole process, from distortion, destabilization, partial reduction, to the eventual nanoparticle formation and defect evolution of a series of bimetallic MOFs PCN-250.These MOFs with different trimeric node composition (Fe3, Fe2Co, and Fe2Ni) allow us to control the structure, chemistry, and defect of resulting nanoparticles.Notably, we found selective reduction of Ni from the node with defect-rich frameworks retained.This can be a new route for future MOFs crystal engineering.Figure 1.The structure of MOFs and resulting nanophases are tracked through PDF analysis.
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Nanomaterials
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We show by molecular dynamics simulations on three systems (B/A=Pd/Ag, Cu/Ag, and Ni/Ag) that three-shell metallic nanoparticles made by a core of a metal A, an intermediate shell of metal B and an external shell of metal A (A-B-A nanoparticles) can be grown by deposition of B atoms onto an A core. The growth of the intermediate B shell is triggered by the fact that the most favorable positions for isolated B impurities inside A clusters are located just one layer below the cluster surface.
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Abstract The progress of research advancement on the Au‐based core/shell, hollow, and rattle‐type nanoparticles is reviewed here. The main emphasis of this article is on classification of these three types of nanoparticles based on the location of Au in the particle, such as either core or shell. Although many full or partial articles are available on gold nanoparticles, this article is solely dedicated to Au‐based core/shell, hollow, and rattles‐type nanoparticles. It has been found that Au‐based bi‐functional materials are of more interest because of their excellent dual properties, which in turn make these particles useful in catalysis, surface‐enhanced Raman spectra (SERS), biomedical, and sensor applications versus that of simple Au nanoparticles. In particular, Au‐based bimetallic and Au/metal oxide core/shell nanoparticles are more useful for their optical and catalytic properties. Similarly, hollow Au nanoparticles are also important in recent scenarios because of their excellent SERS and catalytic properties. The synthesis routes of all these types of nanoparticles along with their detailed mechanisms of formation are also discussed. Finally, a few important applications out of several others are also discussed to show the importance of these nanoparticles.
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In this work, Pd, Au and Pd-Au nano-particles were synthesized via hydrothermal approach. The monometallic nano-particles were synthesized by reducing metal precursor sodium tetrachloropalladate and hydrogen tetrachloroaurate for Pd and Au respectively. In bimetallic synthesis both precursors were used simultaneously. PVP was used as a stabilizer which results in the formation of near spherical shaped nanoparticles. The study revealed that the monometallic nanoparticles were smaller in size compared to the bimetallic nanoparticles. A plausible growth mechanism is discussed to understand the difference in the size and shape attributes of the nanoparticles.
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Pd nanoparticles were loaded on Cox –Mn(1−x)-MOF-74. 5 wt% Pd@Co0.5–Mn0.5-MOF-74 was the most effective catalyst for CO oxidation. The prepared catalysts displayed excellent stability during CO oxidation without significant decrease in catalytic performance.
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Abstract Bimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles are emerging as a class of critical nanomaterials in electronic, optical and magnetic fields due to their unique physic-chemical properties. In particular, precise control of the nanoparticle size can endow them with broad versatility and high selectivity. This chapter reviews some tremendous achievements in the development of size controlled bimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles, with special emphasis on general preparation methods, characterization methodologies and instrumentation techniques. Some key factors and future perspectives on the development of size-controlled bimetallic and multimetallic alloy nanoparticles are also discussed.
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Characterization
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