Cysticercosis in a Wistar Albino Rat
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The present study was conducted to know the cause for multiple cysts in the liver of laboratory rat used for experimental purpose in research work. A male Wistar albino rat about 22 weeks of age showed the presence of numerous cysts in liver. The cyst along with normal liver tissue was collected in 10% of formalin and processed for histopathology. Gross examination of liver showed white to yellowish cyst of 0.2 to 0.6 cm diameter, on incision, fluid or purulent exudates and larvae was seen. Histopathological examination revealed well-developed cyst wall with inner layer composed of cytokeratin along with thick connective layers mainly of fibrous tissue. The hepatocytes were damaged with severe infiltration of eosinophils and plasma cells surrounding the cyst. The larva showed the presence of an outer acellular eosinophilic cuticular layer and underlying subtentacular layer along with scolex containing hooks and suckers. Thus, based on the gross and histopathological examination, the accidental finding of cysts was confirmed to be Cysticercus fascioliaris infection in Wistar albino rat and it also indicated that the infection might be transmitted through water or bedding materials. Hence, it is necessary to give much emphasis on the quality of laboratory rodents used for experimental purposes and also for water and bedding materials used in future. Further, it is important to take safety and precautionary measures in laboratory animal house to avoid spread of zoonotic diseases to humans. Keywords: Cysticercosis, histopathology, Wistar albino rat Cite this Article Krishnamoorthy P, Sengupta PP, Balachandran C et al. Cysticercosis in a Wistar Albino Rat. Research & Reviews: Journal of Veterinary Science and Technology . 2017; 6(2): 23–25p.Keywords:
Histopathology
Gross examination
Histopathological examination
Infiltration (HVAC)
Hydatid cyst
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This paper introduced the pathology of livers of slaughtered sheep infected with hepatitis E in Urumqi,a total of 150 cattle liver samples and 120 sheep liver samples were collected,the tissues of these organs were fixed using 10% formalin solution,embedded by paraffin,embedded tissues were sliced up,stained and then observed.The results showed that the proportion of normal cattle and sheep liver was 48% and 53.3%,respectively.Liver lesions included inflammatory cell infiltration,degeneration and necrosis of hepatocytes,hepatic lobule with degeneration and necrosis around portal bile duct hyperplasia,liver cell atrophy,fibrous connective tissue hyperplasia,bile duct hyperplasia,lymphocytic infiltration around the central vein,sinusoidal hemorrhage and hepatic lobule sinusoidal edema.The study provides a basis for slaughter and quarantine of cattle and sheep.
Liver cell
Lobules of liver
Histopathology
Infiltration (HVAC)
Lymphocytic infiltration
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The present investigation was aimed to know the cause of sudden mortality among Wistar rats in a rat colony.The dead rats (n=20) were subjected to necropsy examination.Intestinal lumens were examined to know the presence of parasites or parasitic body parts.Intestinal faecal contents were collected for identification of the parasitic eggs.Intestinal tissues were collected for histopathological examination.Necropsy revealed the presence of cestodes in the intestinal lumen.The intestines were found to be haemorrhagic and filled with serous and blood tinged contents.The cestode worms were identified as Hymenolepis diminuta based on gross morphological examination of the adult worms and microscopic examination of the eggs.Histopathology revealed necrosis of enterocytes, blunting of villi, degeneration and necrosis of villous and crypt epithelium.The diseased rats were observed for clinical signs and symptoms.Clinically, the rats showed inappetence, dullness, depression, loss of body weight, rough hair coat and a typical hunchback posture.The affected rats were treated by oral administration of Praziquantel, Pyrantel Pamoate and Febantel combination (kiwof plus tablet, Savavet) at a dose rate of 6 mg/kg body weight.The rats were cured after anthelmintic treatment.The present study highlighted the occurrence of hymenolepiosis that caused high mortality among Wistar rats.This study emphasizes the necessity of rapid and specific disease diagnosis and treatment to control the mortality among affected rats and to prevent and control the further spread of parasitic infection among susceptible rats and in the personnel in close surroundings of the infected rats. HIGHLIGHTSm Histopathology of intestine revealed necrosis of enterocytes, blunting of villi, degeneration and necrosis of villous and crypt epithelium.m Gross and microscopic examination of the cestode worms indicated Hymenolepis diminuta.m Affected rats were cured after oral administration of praziquantel, pyrantel pamoate and febantel.
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Abstract An aquarium-maintained female Red Irish Lord Hemilepidotus hemilepidotus presented with severe coelomic distension. The fish was anesthetized for ultrasonographic examination, which highlighted multiple cyst-like lesions in the liver and a distended ovary that was filled with follicles and an inspissated egg mass. Multiple exploratory celiotomies were performed for egg mass removal, liver biopsy, ovariosalpingectomy, and body wall rupture repair. Fourteen weeks after original presentation, and subsequent to 2 weeks of anorexia, the fish died. At necropsy, the liver was severely enlarged and distorted by multiple, coalescing, cyst-like spaces with no grossly normal liver parenchyma. The spleen also contained a raised cyst-like structure. Microscopically, the liver had well-demarcated foci of hepatocyte loss with retained meshworks of interconnected, perisinusoidal stellate cells. The fluid-filled spaces surrounded by stellate cells were not lined by epithelium or endothelium. The spleen had similar fluid-filled spaces formed of stellate cells. The cyst-like lesions in the liver were consistent with spongiosis hepatis; however, the concurrent development of a morphologically comparable lesion in the spleen is not typical of spongiosis hepatis cases. This case may represent the first report of spontaneously occurring spongiosis hepatis in a fish maintained in a public aquarium, as well as the first report in a fish of spongiosis hepatis-like lesions in an organ other than the liver. Received May 19, 2015; accepted September 3, 2015
Spongiosis
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Background: Aspartame is a widely employed synthetic sweetener used in diet control and by diabetic patients. Its safety based on the findings of the previous studies showed controversy. Aim of the Work: The aim of this study was to demonstrate the chronic effect of aspartame on the structure of the kidney in the newborn, adult and old albino rats. Materials and Methods: In this work, 60 albino rats were used, 40 of which were three month old, while the remaining 20 rats were twelve month old at the beginning of the study. They were divided into 3 groups: A, B, C and every group was subdivided into 2 subgroups; control and treated. Group A included 20 female albino rats aged three months. The treated subgroup A received aspartame in a dose of 20 mg/kg/day dissolved in tap water through an intragastric tube for three months pregestational and during the gestational period. The offspring numbers, body and kidney weights were estimated and statistically analyzed and their kidneys were examined histopathologically. Group B included 20 adult albino rats aged three months. Group C included 20 albino rats aged twelve months. The treated animals of groups B and C were given aspartame in the same dose and by the same route as in group A for six months. The kidney specimens from all groups were processed for light microscopic examination using Haematoxylin and Eosin stain. Toluidine blue stain was used for the semithin sections of the adult rat's kidney specimens. Electron microscopic study of the proximal convoluted tubules of the adult kidney was done. Results: The results of this study revealed a delayed development of the kidney of the newborn rat with the maternal aspartame administration in addition to degenerative changes in the renal corpuscles and tubules. The statistical analysis of the newborns' body and kidney weights showed significant reduction. The kidneys of aspartame-treated adult rats showed degenerative changes affecting the renal corpuscles and tubules. The renal corpuscles had shrunken glomerular capillary tuft and widened Bowman`s space. Some of which revealed irregularity of Bowman`s capsule. The renal tubules showed dilatation of the tubular lumen, dense nuclei and vacuolated cytoplasm with sloughed epithelial lining cells. Congested and dilated blood vessels were also observed. The ultrastructural study of the proximal convoluted tubular lining cells revealed an extensive damage of the cytoplasmic organelles and the brush border. Aspartame-treated aged rat's kidney showed massive degenerative changes in comparison to the other treated groups. All the renal tubules showed thinning of their lining epithelium with dilated lumen. Some of which had destructed or thickened basement membrane. Others showed accumulation of dense acidophilic casts inside the lumen. Dilated and congested blood vessels with vacuolated cytoplasm were noticed. Conclusion: It was concluded from this study that aspartame had nephrotoxic effects on the newborn, adult and aged rats
Aspartame
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Background: cyclophosphamide is not only used as anticancer chemotherapeutic drug in adult and childhood malignancies, but also used as an immunosuppressive agent for organ transplantation. Aim of the work: this work was planned to evaluate the histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastractural changes in the testis of adult male Albino rats after administration of cyclophosamide and the possible role of vitamin E supplementation and drug withdrawal were explored. Materials and Methods: 50 healthy male Albino rats weighted 200gm were categorized into 5 groups, (ten rats each group). At the end of the experiment, the animals of all groups were anaesthetized by ether inhalation. Their testes were dissected out carefully and processed for light and electron microscope examination. The testes were immediately dissected out and the samples for light microscope were fixed in 10% neutral buffered formaldehyde (pH 7.2) for 24-72 hours. Sections (5um thick) were obtained and stained with H&E, Mallory's trichrome, PAS stains and immunohistochemicaly for detecting bcl-2 protein were used. Minute specimens were double fixed in glutaraldehyde and processed to obtain semithin sections stained with toluidine blue and ultrathin sections (70nm) for TEM. Results: testes of the cyclophosphamide-treated adult rats and cyclophosphamide withdrawal group revealed thick tunica albuginea, distorted and shrunken seminiferous tubules with wide interstitium in between. These tubules had marked reduction in the thickness of the germinal epithelium which appeared detached from irregular thick basement membrane and wide empty lumina were devoid of spermatozoa. The germinal epithelium in these tubules appeared degenerated with vacuolated cytoplasm and pyknotic nucle; the interstitium showed acidophilic hyaline material, congested thickened blood vessels and numerous interstitial Leydig cells with pyknotic nuclei. Cross sections of the middle and principle pieces of sperms showed disturbed axoneme. Cross sections in the sperms detected the middle, principle and end pieces. In the middle pieces, the axoneme was surrounded by fibrous and abnormal mitochondrial sheaths. The mitochondria in their sheath showed mild swelling, vacuolization and distortion. Leydig cells had large oval euchromatic nuclei with widened perinuclear space. The cytoplasm contained numerous mitochondria and dilated SER. using vitamin E with cyclophosphamide relatively improved the testicular tissue. Conclusions: cyclophosphamide treatment produced marked changes in the histological structure of the testes especially the germinal epithelium and sperms. This may lead to serious problems such as infertility or even sterility. The histological affection of cyclophosphamide on testis persisted after stoppage of treatment which is an indication of its cumulative effect. Supplementation of vitamin E with cyclophosphamide relatively improved the testicular tissue. So, administration of vitamin E in patient received cyclophosphamide is mandatory to reduce its side effects.
Adult male
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Objective To investigate the Cysticercus fasciolaris infection in the Wistar rats in animal experiment and identify the genera of the parasite.Method All rats normally fed were dissected.Scolex of the parasite was observed under the light microscope after treated with 10% formaldehyde and KOH solution.Results The growth condition of the rats was good,but 85.7% of rats were infected with Cysticercus fasciolaris.The parasite was only observed in liver,and the number ranged from 5 to 120.Histopathology of liver sections revealed a polypide surrounded by eosinophilic granulocytes,lymphocytes and plasma cells.Lobular architecture was intact.Conclusion Wistar rat was easy to get infected with Cysticercus fasciolaris repeatedly and have a tolerance characteristic for severe infection.As an animal model,researchers must keep Wistar rat free of Cysticercus fasciolaris to obtain accurate experimental data.On the other hand,the infected Wistar rat might be a good intervention model for immune response to apply to other diseases.
Histopathology
Cysticercus
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Abstract : The ears of sixteen albino rats originating from three different suppliers were histologically examined. The specimens were prepared following the standard temporal bone preparation procedure. Spontaneous middle ear infection was found in 25% of the ears. When albino rats are used for otological experiments, it is necessary to have a large number of experimental animals as there is no precise method for detection of spontaneous ear infection of the rat in the vital status. Post-mortem histological investigation is the only reliable procedure available by which otological infections can be detected. (Author)
Human ear
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A carcass of female cross bred piglet aged 20 days from an organised swine farm, IVRI was presented for necropsy examination. At necropsy, multiple liver abscess covering entire surface of liver was observed and upon incision creamy white pus oozed out from the cystic spaces. Spleen was enlarged and congested. Histopathological changes in liver included disorganization and distortion of the hepatic cords with degenerative and necrotic changes of the hepatocytes. Abscess was characterised by heavy infiltration of polymorph nuclear cells and severe haemorrhages in hepatic parenchyma. Necrotic areas were also infiltrated with mononuclear cells and surrounded by connective tissue capsules. Other significant changes were hyperplasia of the biliary duct epithelial cells, infiltration of neutrophils in the spleen and lungs. Bacteriological examination of liver sample revealed both P. aeruginosa and E.coli.
Hepatic abscess
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Histopathological examination of kidney of swiss albino mice, 2 1/2 months after infection with Toxocara canis eggs revealed various pictures of pathological affection. There was diffuse mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis with mesangeal expansion of most of glomeruli. Some glomeruli showed severe hyalinosis with marked adhesions to the bowman's capsule. The lumina of glomerular capillaries were markedly obliterated. There was also cystic dilatation of tubules with proteinaceous casts. The intersitial tissue showed mild inflammatory oedema. Chronic inflammatory cellular infiltration to form granulomatous inflammation was noticed. Transplacental transmission of Toxocara larvae was assessed in embryo of pregnant female swiss albino mice which were infected with Toxocara eggs in the 1st week of pregnancy. The larvae were detected in the liver of embryo. Ultrastructural study of the egg shell revealed its formation of 4 layers; a thin uterine membrane with occassional small bulges, vitelline layer, thick homogenous layer, and fibrous lamellar and lipid layer.
Infiltration (HVAC)
Glomerulosclerosis
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