Event-Related Potentials in Response to Facial Affect Recognition in Patients with Schizophrenia
G. SandhyaHari Prakash PalaniswamyKirtana R. NayakRishikesh V. BehereRajeshkrishna Panambur BhandaryA. S. Chinmay
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Affect
N100
Oddball paradigm
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Abstract Contrary to what occurs with negative pictures, negative words are, in general, not capable of interfering with performance in ongoing cognitive tasks in normal subjects. A probable explanation is the limited arousing power of linguistic material. Especially intense words (insults and compliments), neutral personal adjectives, and pseudowords were presented to 28 participants while they executed a lexical decision task. Insults were associated with the poorest performance in the task and compliments with the best. Amplitude of the late positive component of the event‐related potentials, originating at parietal areas, was maximal in response to compliments and insults, but latencies were delayed in response to the latter. Results suggest that intense emotional words modulate ongoing cognitive processes through both bottom‐up (attentional capture by insults) and top‐down (facilitation of cognitive processing by arousing words) mechanisms.
Facilitation
Late positive component
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Affect
Response inhibition
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Auditory event
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Negative emotion
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Attentional Bias
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Emotional valence
Font
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Abstract We examined effects of knowing where to attend to‐be‐remembered information in advance versus after the fact. Participants performed a visuospatial short‐term memory task with orienting cues that appeared before or after a memory display and reported whether a probe item had appeared on the cued side. Event‐related potentials ( ERP s) were recorded for cues, memory displays, and probes. Performance was better in precued versus postcued conditions. ERP s to orienting cues and memory displays were lateralized in relation to the direction of attention in precued but not postcued conditions. ERP s to recognition probes were lateralized, but this was similar between pre‐ and postcued conditions. Results suggest that we can orient visuospatial attention outwardly to external events and inwardly to remembered events alike, but knowing where to attend information in advance gives a bigger boost to brain and behavior.
Cued speech
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Background Schizophrenia patients exhibit impairments in facial affect recognition associated with neurophysiological abnormalities. Using the Training of Affect Recognition (TAR) developed by our group behavioural performance in facial affect recognition improved significantly in schizophrenia patients [1]. Purpose of the presented work was to identify the underlying mechanisms and associated generators of neuroelectric activity. Methods In a randomized controlled (waiting group) design 19 schizophrenia patients received TAR. Concomitant to facial affect recognition performance, ERPs were recorded and analyzed with respect to underlying generators of cortical activity using low resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) software. Results Schizophrenia patients showed noticeable deviations in neuroelectric correlates of emotion recognition associated with poorer performance in the administered task. As a result of TAR treatment no significant changes in event related potentials were found. However, LORETA results showed a significant increase of activity within relevant brain areas, specific for the processing stages associated with facial emotion recognition (N170 and P240). Conclusions EEG findings of the present study indicate that neurophysiologic abnormalities corresponding with poorer performance in schizophrenia patients can be attenuated by training.
Affect
Neurophysiology
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