Schizophrenia liability shares common molecular genetic risk factors with sleep duration and nightmares in childhood
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Sleep
Longitudinal Study
It is well established that delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) is psychotomimetic. The propensity for the induction of psychotic-like symptoms depends upon the potency of the compound administered (i.e. the THC content and the amount of cannabidiol, which appears to have antipsychotic effects) and the underlying vulnerability of the individual. Schizophrenia is a disorder with extreme vulnerability to psychosis, and cannabis use by people with schizophrenia is likely to cause a worsening of outcomes. Whether cannabis can actually cause schizophrenia is a rather different and more contentious question, but a number of cohort studies converge in their conclusions that cannabis exposure in youth can act as a cumulative causal factor in some cases of schizophrenia.
Psychotomimetic
Vulnerability
Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol
Tetrahydrocannabinol
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Objective:To explore the differences between mental disorders due to qigong and schizophrenia-like psychosis. Method:All cases were inpatients and collected from 1996 to 2000. Twenty-two patients with mental disorders due to qigong and 66 patients with schizophrenia-like psychosis who met CCMD-2-R criteria and were followed up for 3 years.At the end of following up,the patients were diagnosed according to CCMD-3. Results:19 patients with qigong-caused mental disorders and 38 patients with schizophrenia-like psychosis maintained the original diagnosis.There were significant differences in gender,age at onset,marriage,profession,personal trait,intelligence and mental symptoms between two groups. Conclusion:These findings suggest that mental disorders due to qigong and schizophrenia-like psychosis are two different types of mental disorders.
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Schizophrenia is but one form of psychosis; therefore, it is important to control for the psychotic factor in studies of the schizophrenic syndrome. A survey was done of 478 articles in 15 major psychiatric and psychological journals to determine the frequency of controls for psychosis in schizophrenia research. The survey covered 10 years from 1970 to 1979. Controls for psychosis were found in 11 percent of the articles surveyed. Nonpsychotic psychiatric controls appeared with a frequency of 38 percent. Nonpsychiatric controls (mostly normals) appeared with a frequency of 73 percent. A slight trend was observed for a gradual increase in the frequency of controls for psychosis over the last several years of the decade. Much of this increase was attributable to the innovative use of nonpsychotic schizophrenics as a control for psychosis and severity of pathology. These findings suggest that more attention should be given to controls for psychosis by investigators and editors in the publishing of research on schizophrenia.
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A high incidence of brief schizophrenia-like psychosis in Africa and other parts of the developing world has been repeatedly documented by many psychiatrists working in these regions (Dembovitz, 1945; Carothers, 1953; Jilek & Jilek-Aall, 1970; German, 1972; Leighton et al , 1963). This report does not deny that typical schizophrenia occurs in these countries, but the common culturally based schizophrenia like psychosis may be misdiagnosed as schizophrenia, and thus inflate prevalence and improve prognosis data.
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Objective:To compare the clinical characterics between schizophrenia-like psychosis and first episode schizoprenia. Method:Clinical characterics of 45 cases of schizophrenia-like psychosis and 45 cases of first episode schizophrenia (discharged at same period) were compared. Results:There were significant differences in poverty of thought,sluggish,tension and phobia,impulsive and disruptive between schizophrenia-like psychosis and first episode schizophrenia. Conclusion:To compare between schizophrenia-like psychosis and first episode schizophrenia,there are significant differences among some symptoms.
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The object of this paper is to present a brief review of nearly five years' experience of the schizophrenic group of psychoses as found in military practice, with particular reference to its treatment, and to important new facts which have recently come to light regarding the relative values of the convulsive and insulin therapies.
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Genetic predisposition
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Introduction Historical views of schizophrenia The diagnosis of schizophrenia Differential diagnosis of schizophrenia Aetiological theories Epidemiology of schizophrenia Examination of the patient with psychotic symptoms Presentations of psychotic illness Initial assessment of acute psychosis Initial treatment of acute psychosis Maintenance phase Discharge planning Outpatient treatment and follow-up...
Etiology
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