The impairment of environmental sustainability due to rapid urbanization in the dryland region of northern China
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Brazil has a high economic level in the developing countries of the world.His speed of urbanization was fast and remarkable,but it took place before the industrialization which we called over urbanization.Before 1930s,abundant migrants from abroad and rural promoted the Brazil's urbanization.After 1930s,industrialization is the main factor of the urbanization.With the gradually rising urbanization level,some morbid urban problems come out,for example,the imbalance development of the inter-regions,over urbanization,slum and so on.Summarizing the experiences and lessons of the Brazil's urbanization will help us to accelerate the steps of our urban construction and to prevent the tendency of the urban problems.
Industrialisation
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Early urbanization in China refers to the urbanization before the modem ages. Compared with modem urbanization, it has three characteristics: loose distribution of economic activities, assemblage of social activities and dissymmetry of the relatiomhip between town and country. Along the southern part of the Yangze River, early urbanization undergoes two development processes, which are both closely related and also independent: general urbanization around the city and country urbanization around the town. There are three gradually developing patterns: assemblage urbanization during Hantang period, tonga and country interactive urbanization in Song Dynasty and town- leading urbanization in Ming and Qing Dynasties. From this we can have an idea about the unique development of early urbanization.
Assemblage (archaeology)
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China's urbanization rate exceeded the turning point 50% in 2011.International experience shows that the urbanization rate of 50%-70% interval is the urbanization deceleration period,so the future of Chinese urbanization will be turned from acceleration to deceleration.This change will have an important impact on the Chinese urbanization trend,urban development and urban system structure.This paper reviews the urbanization rate of relevant research results,gives a brief description of the history of Chinese urbanization and predicts the urbanization rate by using a variety of methods.The results show that from 2011 to 2050 China's urbanization growth will slow down.If calculated according to three kinds of forecasting methods,an average growth rate will be 0.793 percentage points in 2020.By 2030,2040 and 2050,the urbanization rate will be 60.34%,68.38%,75.37% and 81.63% respectively.
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The Assence of urbanization motive system is economic development. The paper firstly analyzes the relationship between economic development and urbanization level in Yan'an city since 1952 from three economic factors, furthermore, points out the present condition of urbanization level in Yan'an city is in primary stage of urbanization and discusses the main restriction reasons for the urbanization in Yan'an city are that detained economic development leads to lack pull and push of urbanization. Four countermeasures are put forward to precede the economic development and urbanization. It will not only have a far-reaching influence on economic development and urbanization in Yan'an city, but also give reference to other regions in western area.
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Related researches on the urbanization of the Pearl River Delta in recent years mainly focus on the following aspects: urbanization pattern,motive mechanism of urbanization,main characteristics of urbanization,present situation of urbanization,and related countermeasures and development trend of urbanization.However,the present urbanization of the Pearl River Delta is the typical traditional urbanization.The related research is mainly limited to urbanization of the land.It doesn't pay enough attention to the urbanization of the population.Thus,it is an important topic of research to pay more attention to the urbanization of the population in the Pearl River Delta.
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Migration-urbanization has become an important part of China's urbanization process, but no much attention is paid to . This article starts with the development of migration-urbanization, analysis the features and origin. Then it researches the positive and negative effect that migration-urbanization has on China's economic development and urbanization. After that, the article also tries to explain problems and barriers lies in the process of China's migration-urbanization. At last, the article points out that migration- urbanization is necessary in China and raises some suggestions and measures to promote the coordinate development of China's migration-urbanization.
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The concept of urbanization has long been used to refer to the growth of cities in a particular region. The definition of a city is notoriously vague, however, and as such using their growth as a mechanism for understanding urbanization is highly problematic. In addition, the sequence of events leading to the urbanization of a region does not indicate that cities necessarily lead to the effects with which urbanization is commonly associated, but rather these “effects” predate and even facilitate the growth of cities. This paper discusses the concept of urbanization in light of two very distinct case studies of the sequence leading to the growth of cities: that of “pristine urbanization” in the ancient Fertile Crescent and of later urbanization in the American Northeast.
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From the concept and connotation of urbanization,the author suggests that urbanization should include population urbanization,economic urbanization,land urbanization and social urbanization.After analyzing the land urbanization trend from 1981 to 2004,the correlation analysis among land urbanization,population urbanization and economic urbanization was conducted.Finally,based on partial correlation analysis the author found that economic urbanization is the most fundamental factor to land urbanization.
Connotation
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