Disruption of blood-brain barrier by an Escherichia coli isolated from canine septicemia and meningoencephalitis
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Objective To study the therapeutic effect of Garlic aqueous extract on the diarrhea.Methods By intraperitoneal injection 0.3ml/10g of E.coli to produce diarrhea mice model,then intragastric administrating mice normal saline,garlic aqueous extract,positive control drugs to observe the general state and behavior of mice and record the number of stools,loose stools,by calculating diarrhea rate,loose stools rate,diarrhea index to study therapeutic action of Garlic aqueous extract on diarrhea.Results Garlic aqueous extract can decrease the number of diarrhea,transform loose stool to drying stool,and improve their mental state,Compared with modle group,high and mid-dose group of Garlic aqueous extract,diarrhea index were significantly lower than that the model group(P﹤0.05).Conclusion Garlic aqueous extract can decrease the number of diarrhea and diarrhea index,have the therapeutic effect on diarrhea.
Aqueous extract
Therapeutic effect
Therapeutic index
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Autumn diarrhea (Rotavirus diarrhea) usually epidemic in autumn. The clinical symptoms include vomit, diarrhea (excreting diluted egg patterns excrement) and fever. The treatment of diarrhea is mainly supplementing liquid, resisting virus, curbing diarrhea. The paper presents the progress of the treatment of autumn diarrhea.
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Since the published incidence of tube feeding-associated diarrhea varies widely between 2.3 and 68%, and because commonly used definitions of diarrhea are subjective and imprecise, we determined the actual fecal output of malnourished patients during the first 6 days of tube feeding. Nine patients on the same isoosmolar formula were evaluated for diarrhea. Patients were interviewed daily as to whether they thought diarrhea was present or absent. Frequency of defecation was recorded, and stool was collected daily for weight. When assessed subjectively, the incidence of diarrhea rose from 11% on day 1, to 25% on day 4, and to 43% by day 6. The group (n = 4) complaining of diarrhea averaged 3.0 bowel movements per day, whereas those denying diarrhea (n = 5) averaged fewer than 0.2 bowel movements per day (p less than 0.01). Stool weight, however, plateaued for all patients by day 6 at 52.7 +/- 35.7 g of stool per day. No patient produced in excess of 250 g of stool per day. We suggest that traditional subjective measures for assessing diarrhea may be flawed and should not be relied upon when evaluating and treating tube feeding-associated diarrhea.
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Diarrhea has an impact on children's health, one of which is dehydration. Laboratory studies and clinical trials, pure honey has bactericidal activity that causes diarrhea. Giving honey is useful in reducing the frequency of diarrhea in children. Honey has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and antiviral properties that can treat diarrhea. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of honey to reduce the frequency of diarrhea in children. The design of this study was a quasi-experimental pretest and posttest nonequivalent without a control group. The research sample was 20 children who experienced diarrhea. Honey is given 3 times a day as much as 5 ml. Results: The results showed that the frequency of diarrhea decreased after being given honey, which means that there was an effect of giving honey on a decrease in the frequency of diarrhea in children (p<0.001). Conclusions: Honey can be used as an alternative therapy to reduce the frequency of diarrhea in children.
Acute diarrhea
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Objective To study the anti-diarrhea effect of Wentongbabugao on model mice. Methods A diarrhea-model mouse was established by intragastric administration of castro oil.The experimental animals were divided into three groups.The stool characteristics,the number of diarrhea,the weight loss of the mice in six hours,and the skin reaction on which the paste was applied were recorded. Results The number of diarrhea,the weight loss in diarrhea-plus-drug group were less than the diarrhea group and diarrhea-plus-base group,the difference was significant(F=4.20,28.35,q=3.02-5.50;P0.01,0.05).The difference between the diarrhea group and diarrhea-plus-base group was not significant(P0.05).No skin reactions such as flush,rash,blain,or swelling was observed in diarrhea-plus-drug group and diarrhea-plus-base group. Conclusion The Wentongbabugao is effective on anti-diarrhea without irritation to skin.
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Diarrhea is a common gastrointestinal problem characterized by loose watery stool and mild to severe dehydration. Annually, about 1.7–5 billion new cases of diarrhea were reported. In developing countries, it is more common, where young kids have diarrhea approximately three times/year. In 2013, 1.26 million deaths occurred due to diarrhea, whereas in 1990, the figure was slightly higher (2.58 million). In 2012, diarrhea was the second most common reason of death (11%, n = 0.76 million) in children less than 5 years. Although various synthetic drugs are being prescribed as standard therapy for diarrhea, they have side effects. It is possible to prescribe the herbal medicine for diarrhea, which is safe and effective. In this study, medicinal plants discussed are proven to be scientifically active in diarrheal diseases. This study reviews about current medicinal plants used in the treatment of diarrhea. The use of medicinal plants for diarrhea results in improvement of the symptom. Moreover, studies on large scale are needed to characterize the beneficial role of medicinal plants in the treatment of diarrhea.
Acute diarrhea
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Interquartile range
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Eighteen adult patients with serologically confirmed West Nile virus (WNV)-associated meningitis or meningoencephalitis were admitted to our hospital during the 2000 West Nile fever outbreak in Israel. Thirteen of the patients had a more severe and prolonged clinical course, and an electroencephalogram (EEG) was, therefore, requested. A specific EEG pattern was seen in 8 patients, consisting of generalized slowing, which was more prominent over the anterior regions. Generalized slowing that was prominent over the temporal area was seen in 2 patients, and intermittent slowing over the temporal region was seen in 1 patient. Two patients had normal EEG findings. We suggest that WNV meningoencephalitis should be considered in the differential diagnosis of meningitis or meningoencephalitis with a prolonged clinical course and anteriorly predominant slowing on an EEG.
Viral meningitis
West Nile virus
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ABSTRACT In a prospective study carried out in two urban centers in northeastern Brazil, 195 HEp-2-adherent Escherichia coli strains were isolated; 110 were identified as the only pathogen in stools of children with diarrhea, and 85 were from controls. Enteropathogenic E. coli isolates were identified in 21 children with diarrhea (8.9%) and 7 children without diarrhea (3.0%), and they were significantly associated with diarrhea ( P < 0.01). Enteroaggregative E. coli strains were isolated from 40 children with diarrhea (16.9%) and 38 children without diarrhea (16.4%) and showed no correlation with diarrhea ( P > 0.5). In 49 children with diarrhea (20.7%) and 40 children without diarrhea (17.3%), diffusely adherent E. coli (DAEC) isolates were detected and were not found to be associated with diarrhea ( P = 0.41). However, after stratification, for children older than 12 months of age a significant correlation between DAEC infection and diarrhea was detected ( P = 0.01). These results suggest that DAEC isolates should be considered potential pathogens in northeastern Brazil and also confirm the association of DAEC with age-dependent diarrhea.
Enteroaggregative Escherichia coli
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