Imaging of glutamate in brain abscess using GLUCEST at 7T
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Abstract:
Glutamate (GLU) is one of the most important excitatory neurotransmitters in central nervous system (CNS). GLU is involved in many CNS diseases, which is well reported that it is closely related to the infectious diseases in CNS. Brain abscess is a common disease in CNS. GLU chemical exchange saturation transfer MRI (GLUCEST) is used to explore the changes of glutamate concentration in the brain abscess models. Firstly, a SD rat brain abscess model was established by using Staphylococcus aureus in the right frontal lobe of SD rats. Secondly, imaging of normal SD rats and brain abscess rats were obtained in Agilent 7.0T animal magnetic resonance scanner respectively. Finally, all data are processed on Matlab. GLUCEST clearly delineated brain abscess at Z spectra. The CEST map of the brain abscess rats showed that the glutamate CEST effect in the lesions was significantly higher than that in the normal SD rats (p < 0.05). GLUCEST may provide new insight into brain abscess and help to improve the differential diagnosis.Keywords:
Brain abscess
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To investigate the clinical features of nasogenic brain abscess.Four patients with nasogenic brain abscess diagnosed in Tianjin huanhu hospital between June 2007 and January 2013 were reported and the relevant literatures reviewed.All four patients were frontal abscess, however, the pathogeny of frontal abscess were different. These four patients were treated by different methods and followed up from 12-28 months, no recurrence was found. All four patients were cured.The clinical manifestation of nasogenic brain abscess was hiding and was easy to misdiagnosis. Enhanced MRI is the key of the diagnosis. According to the pathogeny of brain abscess, it was important to cure nasogenic brain abscess with different ways.
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Nocardia cerebral abscess is rare, constituting approximately 1-2% of all cerebral abscesses. Mortality for a cerebral abscess of Nocardia is three times higher than that of other bacterial cerebral abscesses, therefore, early diagnosis and therapy is important. Nocardia cerebral abscess is generally occur among immunocompromised patients, and critical infection in immunocompetent patients is extremely rare. We report on a case of a brain abscess by Nocardia farcinica in an immunocompetent patient who received treatment with surgery and antibiotics. This is the second case of a brain abscess caused by N. farcinica in an immunocompetent patient in Korea.
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✓ A case of tuberculous brain abscess in a 52-year-old woman is presented. The computerized tomographic (CT) scan demonstrated a multilocular space-occupying lesion in the right parietal area, surrounded by a thick hyperdense enhancing rim. It is suggested that a relatively long clinical history together with the appearance of a thick-walled abscess-like lesion on the CT scan may indicate the diagnosis of a tuberculous brain abscess.
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Objective Retrospectively analyze the MRI appearance of atypical brain abscess and investigate diagnosis value of neighboring meningeal enhanced of MRI in atypical brain abscess. Materials and Methods The MRI findings of 16 cases with atypical brain abscess proved by operation and pathology .All patients were performed by plain and contrast MRI scanning.Plain CT scan was obtained in 5 cases before operation. Results 12 of 16 brain abscess lesions showed single cavity, 4 cases showes multiple cavity .The diameter of abscess cavity was more than 3cm in 13 cases. On the wall of the brain abscess in 12 cases of routine MRI ,there was a dark belt with isointensity signal. Other 4 cases, the wall of the brain abscess is blur and incontinous . All of 16 cases were rings enhanced, 7 cases showed the wall of abscess were uneven thickness, 5 cases presents irregular forms , 4 cases showed enhanced nodules on the wall of abscess.The abnormal enhancing meningeal neighboring the abcess were showed in all patients. Conclusion To master the MRI appearance of atypical brain abscess,especially the enhancing meningeal neighboring the lesion,is helpful for diagnosis.
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Objective:To investigate the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) and 1 H-MRS in the diagnosis of brain abscess. Methods: 11 patients with brain abscess had DWI and 1 H-MRS using 1. 5T MR scanner were retrospectively analyzed. DWI was performed using SE-EPI sequence and PRESS-SI sequence was used for 1 H-MRS. Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values and metabolite patterns observed at 1 H-MRS were obtained by Functool 2. The efficacy of these modalities in the diagnosis of brain abscess were compared. Results:Hyper-intensity was shown in the lesions of the 9 patients with DWI,the other 2 patients had heterogeneous hypo or hyper-intensity. AA were observed in 10 patients on ' H-MRS, Ac and Suc were observed in 2 patients with positive culture for obligate aerobes. Conclusion: Not all brain abscess lesions showed hyper-intensity on DWI, demonstration of hyper-intensity with reduced ADC is not specific for brain abscess. On 1 H-MRS, AA were specific for the diagnosis of brain abscess, but not all brain abscess leisions showing A A. DWI combined with 1 H-MRS is recommended for the diagnosis and differential diagnosis for patients with suspected brain abscess.
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The purpose of this paper is to discuss the operative treatment of chronic encapsulated abscess of the brain and to report the results of operation in a small series of abscesses of this type. In view of the high mortality, any method of operation for brain abscess should be carefully scrutinized to exclude technical errors, which may not only prevent the eradication of a localized suppuration, but actually spread the infection to uninvolved regions of the brain. It is generally appreciated that the principles utilized in the successful treatment of abscess in other regions of the body must be radically modified in operations for brain abscess. An unfailing adherence to these principles in the treatment of the various types of abscess of the brain will often convert a walled-off, more or less quiescent lesion into a rapidly fatal septic encephalitis, the most frequent terminal complication of an unsuccessful operation for
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