Synthesis of propylene oxide in a barrier discharge plasma
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Oxidation of propylene with oxygen, air in a barrier discharge plasma is investigated. The selectivity towards formation of propylene oxide in pure oxygen is shown to be as high as 45 wt. % and the propylene conversion ratio is found to be 12.9 wt. %. In the oxidation with air, the propylene oxide selectivity is 23 wt. %, while the conversion is 7.5 wt. %. The values of propylene conversion and selectivity towards formation of propylene oxide in a barrier discharge are consistent with those obtained by the thermocatalytic methods for production of propylene oxide.Keywords:
Propylene oxide
Propylene oxide is the third-largest variety of propylene derivatives with being second only to polypropylene and acrylonitrile.Propylene oxide is an important raw material to produce unsaturated polyester resins,polyurethane,surface-active agents;it’s widely applied in fine chemical,light industry,medicine,food,textile and others which has a profound impact on the chemical industry and the development of the national economy.In this paper,taking TS-1 zeolite as the catalyst,propylene oxide was synthesized via propylene epoxidation by H2O2 under different conditions.Finally,influencing factors and chemical processes conditions of this reaction were discussed.
Propylene oxide
Polypropylene
Chemical industry
Textile
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SBA-15-supported iron catalysts with and without alkali metal salt modifications were studied for propylene oxidation by nitrous oxide. The reaction route could be dramatically changed from allylic oxidation to epoxidation by modification of the FeOx/SBA-15 catalyst with alkali metal salts. The KCl-1 wt % FeOx/SBA-15 (K/Fe = 5) catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performances for propylene epoxidation, over which ca. 50% propylene oxide selectivity could be gained at a 10% propylene conversion at 648 K. Characterizations with diffuse reflectance UV-Vis, XANES, and Raman spectroscopic techniques revealed that the modification with KCl increased the dispersion of the iron species and changed the local coordination of iron into a tetrahedral configuration on the inner surface of SBA-15. This tetrahedrally coordinated iron site, which was probably stabilized by potassium ions, was proposed to account for the epoxidation of propylene by nitrous oxide. At the same time, the reactivity of lattice oxygen was inhibited, and the acidity of the FeOx/SBA-15 was eliminated. These changes should also contribute to the increase in the selectivity to propylene oxide. The counteranions in the alkali metal salts exerted a significant influence on the catalytic behaviors probably via an electronic effect.
Propylene oxide
Nitrous oxide
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Propylene oxide
Propylene carbonate
Ammonium carbonate
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The synthesis of two-dimensional double metal cyanide complexes of the formula Co(H2O)2[M(CN)4].4H2O (M=Ni, Pd or Pt) and the X-ray crystal structure of Co(H2O)2[Pd(CN)4].4H2O are presented. The anhydrous forms of these complexes were found to be effective catalyst precursors for the homopolymerization of propylene oxide as well as the random copolymerization of propylene oxide and carbon dioxide to produce poly(propylene oxide-co-propylene carbonate) with no propylene carbonate byproduct. A detailed copolymer microstructure is proposed.
Propylene oxide
Propylene carbonate
Anhydrous
Cyclohexene oxide
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Poly(propylene carbonate) polyols(PPC) was produced by the copolymerization of CO2 and propylene oxide using double metallic catalyst.Influence of catalyst,molecular regulator and CO2 was discussed.It is found that molecular weight of PPC decreased with the addition of molecular regulator and showed liner relation with it.It is also revealed that propylene carbonate can be produced in a unzipping way.
Propylene oxide
Propylene carbonate
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Abstract Propylene oxide and other epoxides under go homopolymerization to form polyethers. In industry the polymerization is started with multifunctional compounds to give a polyether structure having hydroxyl end groups. The hydroxyl end groups are utilized in a polyurethane forming reaction. This article is mainly concerned with propylene oxide and its various homopolymers that are used in the urethane industry. The polymerization of propylene oxide can be catalyzed by base (used commercially), acid (for glycol synthesis), and by coordination catalysts containing Al, Zn, or Fe as the central atom. The mechanism of base‐catalyzed polymerization is reviewed. The physical properties of poly(propylene oxide) as well as the physical methods for determining them are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on nmr which has yielded a wealth of information about the structure of poly(propylene oxide) and copolymers of propylene oxide and ethylene oxide.
Propylene oxide
Base (topology)
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Propylene oxide
Polyvinyl Alcohol
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All of the significant uses of propylene oxide are for chemical intermediates.The major uses of propylene oxide are in manufacturing the propylene glycols used in polyurethane and polyerster resins.The oxide also is used in surface active agents, lubricants, and oil demulsifiers.Propylene oxide has long been made by the chlorohydrin process.The process, however, has two disadvantages; the chlorine used is costly and voluminous waste treatment is necessary.Consequently, for many years, considerable efforts have been devoted to more efficient process routes.In 1969, Oxirane Corp. succeeded to produce propylene oxide by an indirect oxidation method.The process uses tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide or alpha-methy benzyl hydroperoxide to oxidize propylene to the oxide, producing about twice as much alcohols as propylene oxide.Now there is a need, therefore, for a more universal process which is environmentally clean and produce only a negligible amount of by products.
Propylene oxide
Propene
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Propylene oxide
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Propylene oxide (PO) is an important chemical raw material and intermediate, which is produced by the conventional chlorohydrin and indirect oxidation processes today. Both methods have significant drawbacks and improvements have to be made. This paper mainly introduces the recent advances in the synthesis of propylene oxide by direct propylene oxidation. Difficulties in the research of direct propylene oxidation and the future trend of research work are also pointed out.
Propylene oxide
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