Synthesis of a Crystal Violet-Cadmium Hydroxyquinoline Iodine Nanocomposite for the Photoelectrochemical Sensing of Ascorbic Acid
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8-Hydroxyquinoline
Crystal violet
Crystal (programming language)
Abstract For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.
8-Hydroxyquinoline
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8-Hydroxyquinoline
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Crystal violet
Triphenylmethane
Triarylmethane dye
Methyl violet
Ultra violet
Aqueous medium
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Quinoline based compounds efficiently form molecular complexes with various organic acids through hydrogen bonding. These compounds are classified as electron-deficient heterocyclic in nature and exhibit acceptor-donor properties with intramolecular charge transfer. 8-Hydroxyquinolinesuccinate is a π donor-acceptor molecular compound in which 8-HQ acts as donor and succinic acid as electron acceptor. The present work deals with the interaction of title compounds using Density Functional Theory (DFT) implemented in Gaussian-09 software package. All geometry optimizations, the vibrational analysis, electronic transition study of UV and NMR spectra of title compounds were interpreted with aid of normal coordinate analysis based on DFT/B3LYP using 6-311G basis set. Dihedral angles of 8-HQ varies between 0 ͦ and 180 ͦ . This shows that the molecule of 8-HQ is practically planar. 8-HQSC crystal is stabilized by the hydrogen bonds N2-H13….O22 and O22-H12….O1 formed by the existence of complementary functional groups. The negative chemical shift values of -145.5869 ppm do exist for nitrogen atom in 8-HQ. Energy gap of 8-HQ is obtained theoretically by DFT method is 4.52 eV and from HOMO-LUMO diagram is 4.53 eV. From the Mulliken atomic charges confirms the extensive intermolecular charge transfer between adsorbate and adsorbent of the title compound during the interaction.The calculated results are found to be in good agreement with the previous investigations.
8-Hydroxyquinoline
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CADMIUM EXPOSURE
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In the contaminative soil of cadmium and zinc,the different concentration of cadmium and zinc influence alfalfa′s quality and cadmium content.The research indicate,when the concentration of cadmium increase,the content of cadmium in alfalfa increase.Zinc depress the absorption of cadmium.The cadmium concentration in soil and alfalfa is a liner response.The low concentration cadmium in soil accelerate the protein,the high concentration cadmium in soil depress the protein,The research indicate: It′s feasible to plant alfalfa in the low concentration of cadmium.
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Due to on-going concern about the occurrence of triphenylmethane dye residues in fish destined for human consumption, a depletion study of crystal violet in salmon was carried out. Atlantic salmon less than 12 months old were exposed to crystal violet in fresh water at 15°C and subsequently sampled at 1, 7, 14, 28, 63 and 91 days after exposure. The salmon were then analysed by two analytical methods. In the first method, 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyanobenzoquinone (DDQ) was used to oxidise leucocrystal violet to its parent form. Total parent crystal violet was then analysed by LC-MS/MS. In the second method, crystal violet and leucocrystal violet were analysed individually by LC-MS/MS without oxidation. Both methods gave comparable results for total crystal violet concentrations, with a correlation of r(2)=0.69. Statistical treatment for 88 incurred salmon samples showed no significant difference between the two sets of results with t=1.68 and t(crit)=1.99. Up to 98% of crystal violet was metabolised to its leuco form in the salmon after 1 day of exposure and could be detected at significant concentrations (approximately 20 µg kg(-1)) 91 days after exposure. The depletion data also suggest that crystal violet has a half-life of approximately 15-16 days in salmon.
Crystal violet
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Fresh water
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The time course of cadmium uptake by the roots of intact tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) was measured in a nutrient solution with a micromolar cadmium concentration until all cadmium in the medium was exhausted. Exhaustion taking a few hours, cadmium was repeatedly added to the nutrient solution. The initial rate of cadmium uptake was computed for each cadmium addition. This rate sharply increased and ultimately leveled off, the maximum value being about three times higher than the value measured after the first cadmium addition. The stimulating effect of cadmium was associated with an inhibitory effect at higher levels of cadmium concentrations. An increase in the net cadmium influx with time could not be explained by the binding of heavy metal to a fixed number of organic compounds. Conceivably, the production of binding sites could be increased and cadmium might play a part in controlling the rate of sites production.
Cadmium nitrate
Lycopersicon
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In the medium of H2SO4 and in the presence of KBr,the color of crystal violet oxidized by iodide can be faded,and the degree of color fading is proportional to the concentration of iodide,and a new spectrophotometric method for determination of iodides reported.The maxium absorbance is at 630 nm.Beer's law is obeyed from 5 to 42 μg of iodine per 10 mL of solution.The apparent molar absorptivity is 1.1 × 104 L·mol-1 ·cm-1.The method has been used in the determination of iodine in iodine-spiked salt with satisfactory results.
Molar absorptivity
Crystal violet
Absorbance
Spectrophotometry
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