Simultaneous electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection and sequential stacking featuring sweeping for signal amplification following MEKC during the analysis of rapamycin (sirolimus) in serum samples
9
Citation
36
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
Abstract Simultaneous electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection of rapamycin (sirolimus) with off‐line and online sample preconcentration techniques and using MEKC has been studied. Compared to conventional hydrodynamic injection, a 168‐fold improvement in the signal was obtained with a combination of simultaneous electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injectionand field enhanced sample injection in conjunction with a sweeping technique called sequential stacking featuring sweeping. However, the coupling of the developed electrophoretic method and solid‐phase microextraction allowed the signal intensity to increase more than 231 times. In this approach, the injection of the sample at negative polarity (anode at the detector end) into the capillary and the MEKC separation was achieved within 5 min using an electrolyte (composed of 10 mM sodium tetraborate and 40 mM SDS) when ultraviolet (UV) detection was performed at 280 nm. Thus, by combining the application of the sequential stacking featuring sweeping supported by the solid‐phase microextraction clean‐up procedure, the detection limit (LOD) for rapamycin in a serum sample was significantly decreased, and was set at 25 ng/mL. The proposed combined simultaneous electrokinetic and hydrodynamic injection with field enhanced sample injection –sweeping technique following MEKC separation of sirolimus in human serum could be an effective tool in biomedical and clinical applications.Keywords:
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
SIGNAL (programming language)
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Cite
Citations (24)
Many papers have appeared concerning the application of capillary electrophoresis (CE) to the resolution of chiral compounds. Predominantly, separations have been achieved in Free Solution Capillary Electrophoresis (FSCE) employing cyclodextrins (CDs) as chiral selectors. This is because of their ready availability and broad applicability. Chiral resolutions have also been achieved in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) through the use of chirally selective micelles. However, the variety of approaches has increased significantly. In this chapter, the use and applicability of these methods are considered.
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Cite
Citations (4)
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Separation method
Cite
Citations (197)
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Microemulsion
Cite
Citations (5)
Capillary electrophoresis, as an analytical tool for drugs, offers several advantages for pharmaceuticals and clinical applications; however, it suffers from poor detection limits. Concentration on the capillary (stacking) improves greatly this problem and is very easy to perform. One of the simple and practical methods to perform stacking is dissolving the sample in organic solvents and injecting a large volume of sample on the capillary. This leads to concentration of the sample 10-30 folds directly on the capillary, removes the excess of proteins found in biological fluids and overcomes the deleterious effects of salts. The stacking can be performed in both the hydrodynamic and electroinjection. This stacking brings the detection limits of the CE closer to that of the HPLC. The mechanism, practical applications, different factors, and optimum conditions for this type of stacking are reviewed and discussed. Keywords: Stacking, Organic solvents, Concentration, Drug analysis, Capillary electrophoresis, Transient pseudoisotachophoresis
Cite
Citations (9)
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Drugs of abuse
Biological fluids
Cite
Citations (0)
Abstract The capillary electrophoretic (CE) separation of the enantiomers of three binaphthyl compounds is investigated. Several CE modes such as cyclodextrin (CD) modified capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) (CD‐CZE), micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC), cyclodextrin electrokinetic chromatography (CD‐EKC), etc. are employed for the simultaneous enantiomer separation of the three solutes. The successful separation was achieved by combining two modes, in other words by using more than two chiral selectors. A development of the CE enantiomer separation is demonstrated for the binaphthyl compounds. The enantioselectivity of binaphthyl compounds is alo briefly discussed.
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Cite
Citations (33)
Abstract Capillary electrophoresis potential for the separation of the enantiomers of chiral compounds of environmental interest is described. Applicability of capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) to achieve these separations is discussed.
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Separation method
Cite
Citations (23)
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Cite
Citations (3)
Abstract The elution order of the hop α‐ and β‐acids has been studied under different modes of electrokinetic separation. A model is advanced to explain the shorter migration times of the more hydrophobic β‐acids compared to the α‐acids in micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC). For quality control of the bitter principles in hops, the ruggedness of electrokinetic separation could be improved by replacing MEKC by microemulsion electrokinetic chromatography (MEEKC).
Micellar electrokinetic chromatography
Microemulsion
Gradient elution
Cite
Citations (41)