Antioxidant properties of feruloylated oligosaccharides of different degrees of polymerization from wheat bran
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Keywords:
Degree of polymerization
Arabinose
Arabinoxylan
Arabinose
Ethanol precipitation
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Pentose
Arabinose
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Arabinose
Azotobacter
Carbon source
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Abstract Monosaccharides released by acid hydrolysis from paddy field soil, from the light and the heavy fraction of soil, front some plant fragment were determined using automated anio-exchange chromatography. Between 5 and 12 per cent of the organic carbon was present as saccharides. The monosaccharide composition of the different soils was very similar, in spite of differences in the absolute amount of saccharides present. The amount of the various monosaccharide in the whole soil was found to be in the order glucose»xylose galactose, mannose, arabinose rhamnose ribose. The monoccharide composition of the soils showed a marked contrast to that of the rice ra8ment, and partially decomposed plant remains taken from the soil. Glucose, xylose, arabi-the predominant saccharides in the rice fragments and the plant remains, while the amounts of galactose, mannose, rhamnose were negligibly small. It was found that the proportion of galactose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose in the heavy fraction Of soil was greater than that of glucose, xylose, and arabinose The present observation was in agreement with the view that soil sauharides comprised Pentoses originates in plant materials. The molar ratio of xylose to mannose was calculated to show the characteristics of the mono-saccharide composition of soils and some plant muerials.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
Monosaccharide
Ribose
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Zymomonas mobilis
Arabinose
Bioconversion
Pentose
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A simple and convenient method on xylo-oligosaccharide product(XOS) quantitative determination was established based on dilute sulfuric acid hydrolysis combined with high performance liquid chromatography(SAH-HPLC) detection.The protocol is as following:on HPLC system,the xylose content of XOS,the standard xylose and its hydrolysates was determined,and then total XOS content was calculated according to its xylose content changes,the xylose decomposition ratio and the conversion ratio of XOS to xylose during SAH.The optimum conditions for SAH step is at 6.0 % sulfuric acid content and 100 ℃ for 60 min.The optimum conditions for HPLC detection step is at the lution rate of 0.6 mL/min with 0.005 mol/L sulfuric acid by the column Bio-Rad Aminex HPX-87H under 55 ℃,and the xylose content was quantitatively detected and calculated according to the external standard method and peak area integration.The repeatability and accuracy of the SAH-HPLC method was tested for some XOS product determination.The result showed the XOS content was 39.94 % in the product at a good repeatability and accuracy and the standard deviation of 0.36 %.
Repeatability
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Both acidic and enzymic hydrolytic processes of durum wheat bran to obtain high xylose syrups are discussed in terms of yields and operative conditions. Mild sulphuric hydrolysis gave the best results (400mg of aldopentoses per gram of pre-extracted wheat bran within 4–6 h) whereas hydrochloric and especially phosphoric acids led to low yields. Preliminary work with a highly active recombinant xylanase (endoxylanase) led to deep solubilisation of arabinoxylans, mainly leading to oligosaccharides and their acyl (essentially feruloyl) derivatives. Mild sulphuric hydrolysis still seems to be the treatment of choice for xylose recovery from durum wheat bran.
Phosphoric acid
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Abstract Background L-arabinose is an important intermediate for anti-virus drug synthesis and has also been used in food additives for diets-controlling in recent years. Commercial production of L-arabinose is a complex progress consisting of acid hydrolysis of gum arabic, followed by multiple procedures of purification, thus making high production cost. Therefore, there is a biotechnological and commercial interest in the development of new cost-effective and high-performance methods for obtaining high purity grade L-arabinose. Results An alternative, economical method for purifying L-arabinose from xylose mother liquor was developed in this study. After screening 306 yeast strains, a strain of Pichia anomala Y161 was selected as it could effectively metabolize other sugars but not L-arabinose. Fermentation in a medium containing xylose mother liquor permitted enrichment of L-arabinose by a significant depletion of other sugars. Biochemical analysis of this yeast strain confirmed that its poor capacity for utilizing L-arabinose was due to low activities of the enzymes required for the metabolism of this sugar. Response surface methodology was employed for optimization the fermentation conditions in shake flask cultures. The optimum conditions were: 75 h fermentation time, at 32.5°C, in a medium containing 21% (v/v) xylose mother liquor. Under these conditions, the highest purity of L-arabinose reached was 86.1% of total sugar, facilitating recovery of white crystalline L-arabinose from the fermentation medium by simple methods. Conclusion Yeast-mediated biopurification provides a dynamic method to prepare high purity of L-arabinose from the feedstock solution xylose mother liqour, with cost-effective and high-performance properties.
Arabinose
Pentose
Xylose metabolism
Yeast extract
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Abstract Background The efficient microbial utilization of lignocellulosic hydrolysates has remained challenging because this material is composed of multiple sugars and also contains growth inhibitors such as acetic acid (acetate). Using an engineered consortium of strains derived from Escherichia coli C and a synthetic medium containing acetate, glucose, xylose and arabinose, we report on both the microbial removal of acetate and the subsequent simultaneous utilization of the sugars. Results In a first stage, a strain unable to utilize glucose, xylose and arabinose (ALS1392, strain E. coli C ptsG manZ glk crr xylA araA ) removed 3 g/L acetate within 30 hours. In a subsequent second stage, three E. coli strains (ALS1370, ALS1371, ALS1391), which are each engineered to utilize only one sugar, together simultaneously utilized glucose, xylose and arabinose. The effect of non-metabolizable sugars on the metabolism of the target sugar was minimal. Additionally the deletions necessary to prevent the consumption of one sugar only minimally affected the consumption of a desired sugar. For example, the crr deletion necessary to prevent glucose consumption reduced xylose and arabinose utilization by less than 15% compared to the wild-type. Similarly, the araA deletion used to exclude arabinose consumption did not affect xylose- and glucose-consumption. Conclusions Despite the modest reduction in the overall rate of sugar consumption due to the various deletions that were required to generate the consortium of strains, the approach constitutes a significant improvement in any single-organism approach to utilize sugars found in lignocellulosic hydrolysate in the presence of acetate.
Arabinose
Metabolic Engineering
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In 19 wheat-milling fractions total pentosan content, calculated as 0.88 x (% L-arabinose + % D-xylose), varied between 1.44 and 30.66% on dry matter (dm). It increased with ash content once the latter exceeded 0.6% (dm basis). Water-extractable arabinoxylans were recovered by saturating water extracts to 65% ethanol. Their contents in the milling fractions varied between 0.35 and 1.38%, and above 0.6% ash content also increased with this parameter. Their L-arabinose-to-D-xylose ratios ranged between 0.65 and 0.39, with the lowest values found for the fractions with highest ash content, indicating that the ash-rich tissues contain more arabinoxylans that are less branched. (1)H NMR spectroscopy revealed that the decrease in L-arabinose-to-D-xylose ratio was accompanied by an increase in unsubstituted xylose residues and a decrease in disubstituted xylose residues, while the contents of monosubstituted xyloses were virtually constant.
Arabinose
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