Campus planning for promoting quality of life in the community
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Society, in which universities in Japan are embedded, faces a range of diverse structural problems. These include the progressive aging and the continued decrease of the population since 2005, the decline of domestic industry due to recession and the necessity of tackling environmental issues as represented by greenhouse gas emission control stipulated in the 1998 Kyoto Protocol. Universities are affected by the decline in the population of 18 year olds. There are many universities in a state of management crisis unable to procure students sufficiently due to the severe competition among universities. Our discussion is based on the work of the Architectural Institute of Japan (AIJ,) since 1999. We first examine the necessary conditions for a campus master plan for realizing the mission of universities (AIJ, 2004)and then direct our attention toward the relationship between campuses and cities – specifically between campuses and the neighboring urban area(Kobayashi et al., 2008), and between academic activities and the activities and livelihoods of the local community (AIJ, 2011).Keywords:
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The University of Northern British Columbia was the first completely new university to be built in Canada in nearly thirty years. This article discusses the process by which the Academic Plan for the university and other considerations were given physical expression in the campus Master Plan. It begins with a detailing of the planning process used. This is followed by a discussion of the review that was conducted of previous university planning models. This review was intended to determine which were the most applicable and to determine if a distinctive model for a northern university could be devised. The article then analyses how the Academic Plan influenced the campus Master Plan in six key areas. It then reviews how non-academic client considerations, regional and community considerations, and site and climatic considerations were incorporated into the campus Master Plan. The article concludes by noting that the process resulted in the creation of a distinctive northern campus design that has proven to be both popular and successful.
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Columbia university
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In the course of the Sinicism of Marxism,Mao Zedong made a historical contribution to solving the problems of the people's livelihood,he created the thought of serving the people which is the livelihood of Communist Party of China and explored positively into improving the people's livelihood.This article will explore the following: a prerequisite for improving people's livelihood,the purpose of improving people's livelihood,developing production and raising the living standard,the limitation of Mao Zedong's thoughts of people's livelihood and practical enlightenment.
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3 Chapter I: Introduction 4-6 Chapter II: Literature review 7-8 Chapter III: Research methods 9-11 Use of a checklist 9 Interviews 9-10 Ethical considerations 10 Travel to the site and the setting 10-11 Chapter IV: Research Findings 12-25 Livelihood strategies today: at the Khotro village 12-13 Livelihood strategies today: about how crops are rotated or grown in cycles......13-15 Which vegetables are grown in which months? 15-17 Livelihood strategies today: the role of livestock 17-19 About Dzhopas 17-19 About animals entering other people's cultivated lands 19 Livelihood strategies today: about the yaks kept at Donakharka 19-20 Traditional livelihood strategies 20-22 Changes in livelihood strategies 22-23 Livelihood strategies today: about medicinal plants 23-24 About the recent development of home-stay places 25 Gender roles 25 Chapter V: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations 25-27 References 28 Annex: Photos 29-37
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In recent years,the livelihood of news,as a localized mode,has been acquired supports from the majority of the audience and journalists,with its concern for the feelings of the peoples livelihood,more and more profound insights.Its aim is people livelihood,the people services,which is not without purpose and wafer,but to achieve the ultimate goal of building a harmonious society through paying close attention to livelihood issues.In this respect,livelihood can be able to develop its skill to full.
Harmonious Society
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The paper analyses the factors in the formation of rural households' livelihood obstacle by the data we collected during questionnaire survey in Minqin Oasis with the use of livelihood assets structure in sustainable livelihood framework(SLF).We defined the livelihood obstacle as the circumstance concerning a gap between livelihood assets and livelihood strategy.In the context of vulnerable livelihoods assets,the ecological protective measures exerted some impacts on rural household's livelihood obstacle.To reduce the vulnerability of farmer household' s livelihood,more attention should be paid to livelihood assets of rural households.
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livelihood is a modern problem with a long and rich history,meanwhile,it is a historical and heavy topic.The livelihood of China has been improved greatly after 30 Years of Reform and Opening-up in China.However,livelihood is a dynamic development process,the new problem will come out when the old problem is solved.The livelihood is changing with the changing of the society.Survey the current livelihood problems,actively seeking the methods and measures for solving the livelihood problems.
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The Sundarbans Reserved Forest (SRF) is playing a significant role in local and national economy and is providing protection to the coastline as well as to the people living in the Sundarbans Impact Zone (SIZ). Presently, the area provides a livelihood to an estimated 3.5 million people. This study deals with the livelihood pattern of the people using both primary and secondary data sources. The study identifies people with different livelihood activities such as munda, fishermen, bawali, golpata collectors, salt farmer etc. Most of them are seasonal workers and their over all socio-economic conditions are below standard.
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The livelihood of fishing laborers’ household rely on seasonal fluctuation of fish catchment and limited livelihood resources. To fulfill their daily needs they strategize by working on various income-generating activities that involve both male and female family members. The purpose of this study are to identify the livelihood resources of male and female household members, to describe the livelihood strategies among labor fisherman households, and to analyze the relationship between livelihood resources and livelihood strategies of fishing laborers households. This research used a combination of qualitative observations and in-depth interviews with a quantitative approach using a questionnaire (mixed method). The results of the study show that the most important livelihood resources for the fishing laborers households is social resources. The most utilized forms of strategy are the intensification and extensification of fishing-related activities, with men extending their time at sea whereas women borrow money from cooperative or moneylenders. All forms of livelihood resources significantly related to the livelihood strategies carried out by labor fishermen households.
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The objective of this paper is to examine the pattern and intensity of inter-generational and intra-generational changes in livelihood, taking the case of the Bodos, the largest scheduled tribe of Assam, India. The data for the study has been collected from 1161 randomly selected Bodo households in Bodoland Territorial Area Districts of Assam. The intensity of inter-generational and intra-generational livelihood changes has been measured through a rate developed for the purpose. Further, the association between the livelihood attributes has also been tested. The study finds that the intensity of intra-generational livelihood change is less than that of the inter-generational change. Livelihood change is more prominent from the farm to the non-farm sector. Though livelihood changes have taken place between the generations, the sectoral selection of livelihood by the present generation is closely associated with the livelihood of the preceding generation. Steps for infrastructure development to unfold farm and non-farm sources of income are required. Agro-based industrial units should be promoted, and required skill development initiatives should be taken so those poor households can diversify their livelihood portfolios.
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