Brain tumors: preclinical imaging and novel therapies
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Öz HangiModalite?Deney hayvanlarının noninvaziv görüntülenmesinde hedeflenen amaçlar doğrultusunda farklı modaliteler kullanılmaktadır.En uygun yöntemin seçilmesinde ilgilenilen parametre yani boyut, fonksiyon, istenilen uzaysal ve temporal rezolüsyon ve sensitivite, dinamik veriye ihtiyaç, tüm vücut/bölgesel veri gerekliliği, çekim süresi, penetrasyon derinliği, kantitatif veriye ihtiyaç, çoklu/tekrarlayan çalışmaya ihtiyaç, birden Imaging modalities have long been indispensable tool in clinical and preclinical practice or drug development.Increasingly, in vivo imaging of small laboratory animals has gained importance as a critical component of preclinical biomedical research as well.The most used modalities for small-animal in vivo imaging applications are based on nuclear medicine techniques (especially, positron emission tomography [PET] and single photon emission computed tomography [SPECT]), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Each modality has intrinsic strengths and limitations, and the choice of the imaging modality depends on the parameter of interest.Recently, aiming to overcome the limitations of each imaging modality, multimodality devices designed to provide complementary information upon the pathophysiological process under study have emerged popularity.The combination of high-resolution modalities, like microCT or microMRI, with highly sensitive techniques providing functional information, such as microPET or microSPECT, will continue to broaden the horizons of research in such areas as infection, oncology, cardiology, and neurology, contributing not only to the understanding of the underlying mechanisms of disease but also providing efficient and unique tools for evaluating new chemical entities and development of candidate drugs.
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Abstract Patients diagnosed with glioblastoma have poor prognosis. Conventional treatment strategies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy demonstrated limited clinical success and have considerable side effects on healthy tissues. A central challenge in treating brain tumors is the poor permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) to therapeutics. Recently, various methods based on immunotherapy and nanotechnology have demonstrated potential in addressing these obstacles by enabling precise targeting of brain tumors to minimize adverse effects, while increasing targeted drug delivery across the BBB. In addition to treating the tumors, these approaches may be used in conjunction with imaging modalities, such as magnetic resonance imaging and positron emission tomography to enhance the prognosis procedures. This review aims to provide mechanistic understanding of immune system regulation in the central nervous system and the benefits of nanoparticles in the prognosis of brain tumors. This article is characterized under: Diagnostic Tools > in vivo Nanodiagnostics and Imaging Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Cells at the Nanoscale Nanotechnology Approaches to Biology > Nanoscale Systems in Biology
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