Traditional formwork system sustainability performance: experts’ opinion
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Abstract:
The traditional formwork system is one of the commonly used systems in concrete construction. It is considered as one of the least observed activities in term of sustainability performance. In this paper, the sustainability performance of the traditional formwork has been assessed by using a multi-criteria assessment tool to facilitate the decision on the sustainability performance measurement. A quantitative five Likert scale survey study using judgemental sampling is employed in this study. A sample of 93 of engineering construction experts, with different fields including contractors, developers, and consultants in the Malaysian context has made the body of the collected primary data. The results show variety in the distribution of the respondents' working experience. The sustainability performance is considered moderately sustainable by the experts with only given 40.24 % of the overall total score for the three sustainable categories namely environmental, social and economic. Despite the finding that shows that the economic pillar was rated as the most sustainable aspect in comparison to the environmental and social pillars the traditional formwork system sustainability still needs enhancement. Further incorporation of the social and environmental pillars into the concrete construction the sustainability performance of traditional formwork system could be improved.Keywords:
Expert opinion
Formwork
Formwork
Base (topology)
Hydrostatic pressure
Hydrostatic equilibrium
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The F3D(Free-Form Formwork 3D Printer) technology that manufactures EPS(Expanded Polystyrene) formworks for irregular-shaped concrete structures by 3D printers was developed to reduce the cost and time. Because of weak strength and low elastic modulus of the EPS, structural performance including lateral pressure by fresh concrete of the formwork that consisted of EPS should be investigated. In order to calculate lateral pressures acting on formwork, several variables including sizes, shapes of formwork, tangential force(fricition) between fresh concrete and formwork, and material properties of fresh concrete should be considered. However, current regulations have not considered the properties of concrete, only focused on vertical formwork. Galleo introduced 3-dimensional finite element analysis models to calculate lateral pressure on formwork. Thus, proposed finite element analysis model based on previous studies were verified for vertical formwork and irregular-shaped formwork. The test results were compared with those by FEM analysis. As a result, the test agrees well with the analysis.
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This study purposed for prehension about the actual situation of work from the viewpoint of formwork contractors. In this paper, we conducted a questionnaire survey about concrete form plywood, strength and rigidity of form, and formwork based on the experience of formwork carpenters in Kanto region. As a result, it elucidated the actual situation of work, concrete form plywood, strength and rigidity of form, and formwork in the construction site.
Formwork
Rigidity (electromagnetism)
Questionnaire
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The paper will explore formwork used in the construction of concrete wall panelling. Formwork, as auxiliary construction, has a wide spectrum of use and as such deserves special attention in the field of civil engineering. Furthermore, assembly and disassembly of formwork plays a huge part in the construction time and the cost of reinforced concrete constructions. Consequently, knowledge of formwork and choosing optimal technology are tremendously important for saving money and easing the construction process. Functional requirements and the criteria of quality that every formwork system must fulfil are defined in this paper. Furthermore, the paper explores which factors dictate choice of work process and the type of formwork. The paper also delves into the materials used in the making of formwork by comparing wooden, steel, aluminium other types of formwork. The following basic elements of formwork assembly are described and shown with images: formwork panels, subcostructions, load-bearing constructions, binding agents and regulation devices. Lastly, the paper explains the classification of contemporary formwork systems according to the respective construction technologies in detail and every system is studied further through selected examples.
Formwork
Building Construction
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Needle-beam full-circular formwork jumbos are used in the construction of the secondary lining of the intake tunnel of Taishan Nuclear Power Plant,so as to realize once-for-all and rapid construction of the full-circular concrete lining of the sub-sea water-diversion tunnel.In this paper,the method and procedure of the construction of the secondary lining are analyzed,the main structure and technical parameters of the formwork jumbos are presented,and the key construction technologies are described.Furthermore,three innovative points of the application of the formwork jumbos,including the construction arrangement and design inside and outside of the tunnel in the case of 3 formwork jumbos,the continuous construction of the lining by means of 3 formwork jumbos and the cautions for the continuous construction of the lining by 3 formwork jumbos,are summarized.
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The formwork is temporary structure to support the building structure and it is the main factor for successful of completion of project with respect to speed,quality,economic and safety. In building construction most effective way is the speed of the work early as possible that depend on selection type of formwork. Such type of formwork is Mivan formwork. Mivan formwork is one of the most method for concrete pouring in single operation of wall with roof so that less consume time and it is on light in weight than conventional so that easily handle. This paper represent comparison of Mivan over the conventional formwork.
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Formwork is a major component of any Civil engineering construction. It constitutes about 35 to 45% of the total cost of the structure. The use of conventional formwork will lead to wastage of materials, time and money. In some cases conventional formwork will not meet the structural requirement. The aim of the study is to review existing column formwork and to arrive at cost effective and easy to handle formwork by making comparative study. It is envisaged that such a formwork will be more productive and possible to use for more number of cycles.
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In terms of cost utilization, formwork is the largest cost component in concrete work on a building project. The cost for formwork is about 40-60% [6] of the cost of concrete work or about 10% of the total cost of building construction. With two methods of formwork i.e. conventional and half system formwork, the authors want to know the comparison of which formwork method is best in the aspect of cost savings, and the execution time for the formwork of columns on the Standard Villa project. From 2 (two) methods proposed then it is chosen the second method; that is formwork column with method of half system as best alternative. The savings can be done from the first method to the second method as much as 26.17%, while in terms of savings time that can be done with method 2 is equal to 5% of method 1
Formwork
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Introduction. Making a start in formwork design. Designing the formwork system. Formwork - the people involved. The management of formwork activities. Drawings, details and models. Timber formwork design. Formwork equipment. Formwork materials. Special formwork. Basic formwork construction. The geometry of formwork. Joint considerations. Cast-in fitting. Setting out and manufacture - site and works prefabrication. Exposed or visual surface finishes. Moulds for precast concrete. Formwork for prestressed concrete structures and components. The preconcreting check. The striking of formwork. Formwork failure. Formwork safety. Slipforming. Formwork and the small builder. Formwork instruction. Appendices (prop selection chart and concrete pressure graphs for formwork design formwork exercises and projects recent examination questions bibliography).
Formwork
Precast concrete
Prefabrication
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This paper discusses the technical improvement and innovation of domestic practical techniques for concrete formwork, such as new formwork technique, split bolt technique, construction technique of formwork at special position, formwork supporting system and formwork anti-floating technique, etc. It is pointed out that domestic formwork techniques are development towards simplification, safety, material saving and high construction efficiency.
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