Chronic Heart Failure (CHF) In The Czech Republic: Cost-of-Illness Analysis & Disease Burden Based on Ahead Registry Data Mining
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Disability-adjusted life year
Global Health
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This is an overview of the first burden of disease and injury studies carried out in Australia. Methods developed for the World Bank and World Health Organization Global Burden of Disease Study were adapted and applied to Australian population health data. Depression was found to be the top-ranking cause of non-fatal disease burden in Australia, causing 8% of the total years lost due to disability in 1996. Mental disorders overall were responsible for nearly 30% of the non-fatal disease burden. The leading causes of total disease burden (disability-adjusted life years [DALYs]) were ischaemic heart disease and stroke, together causing nearly 18% of the total disease burden. Depression was the fourth leading cause of disease burden, accounting for 3.7% of the total burden. Of the 10 major risk factors to which the disease burden can be attributed, tobacco smoking causes an estimated 10% of the total disease burden in Australia, followed by physical inactivity (7%).
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Climate change has had significant impact on human health,with increased burden of disease,so,researches on impacts of climate change to population burden of disease appears to be particularly important.Most of the researches used the method of environmental burden of disease(EBD),which included the indicator of the disability adjusted life years(DALYs) and the application of comparative risk assessment methods(CRA).This paper reviewed the relevant researches both at home and abroad to find the methods for estimating aggregate disease burdens attributable to climate change.Three steps should be included in the study:(1) to calculate the DALYs of the baseline year,(2) to get the population attributable fraction(PAF) by the application of CRA methods.(3) attributable burden=PAF×total burden.
Attributable risk
Disability-adjusted life year
Baseline (sea)
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National mental health policies must be grounded in accurate assessments of diseases. In the current article we used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 to examine burden due to mental and substance use disorders in Romania.For each mental and substance use disorder included in the GBD 2016 we reported the yearly estimates for YLL (as a measure for non-fatal burden), YLD (fatal burden) and DALY (summing years lived with disability and years of life lost to give a measure of total burden).Mental and substance use disorders were the third leading cause of non-fatal burden in Romania in 2016, explaining 13.53% of total years lived with disability, the ninth leading cause for fatal burden explaining 0.84% of total years of life lost, and were the fifth leading cause of total burden, accounting for 5.52% of total disability-adjusted life years. Among MSDs, depression, anxiety and alcohol use disorders have the highest rate. Starting 1997 there has been a slow decrease of age-standardized disability-adjusted life year rates, with no significant change in the last 5 years.Global Burden of Disease Study 2016 found that mental and substance use disorders were the fifth leading contributors to disease burden in Romania, with anxiety and depressive being the most prevalent. Despite national programs and strategies in the area of mental health initiated especially after 1990, the mental health system does not fully meet the needs of the patients. Effective population-level strategic measures are still required in order to reduce the burden of disease.
Mental disease
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Background The initial Global Burden of Disease study found that depression was the fourth leading cause of disease burden, accounting for 3.7% of total disability adjusted life years (DALYs) in the world in 1990. Aims To present the new estimates of depression burden for the year 2000. Method DALYs for depressive disorders in each world region were calculated, based on new estimates of mortality, prevalence, incidence, average age at onset, duration and disability severity. Results Depression is the fourth leading cause of disease burden, accounting for 4.4% of total DALYs in the year 2000, and it causes the largest amount of non-fatal burden, accounting for almost 12% of all total years lived with disability worldwide. Conclusions These data on the burden of depression worldwide represent a major public health problem that affects patients and society.
Depression
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Mental disorders are the leading cause of disease burden, affecting 13% of all people globally in 2019. However, there is scarce evidence on the burden of mental disorders in Nepal. This study used the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 data to assess the prevalence and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of mental disorders in Nepal between 1990 and 2019. In 2019, there were 3.9 million (95% UI: 3.6–4.3) people with mental disorders in Nepal. Major depressive disorders (1.1 million; 95% UI: 0.9–1.2 million) and anxiety disorders (0.9 million; 95% UI: 0.8–1.2 million) were the most prevalent mental disorders in 2019. Attention deficit hyperactive disorder, conduct disorder, and autism spectrum disorders were present twice as high in males than in females. The proportional contribution of mental disorders to the total disease burden has tripled between 1990 (1.79% of all DALYs) and 2019 (5.5% of all DALYs). In conclusion, the proportional contribution of mental disorders to total disease burden has increased significantly in the last three decades in Nepal, with apparent sex and age differentials in prevalence and DALY rates. Effective program and policy responses are required to prepare the health system for reducing the growing burden of mental health disorders in Nepal.
Depression
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