Next generation of microbiological risk assessment: Potential of omics data for exposure assessment
Heidy M.W. den BestenAlejandro AmézquitaSara Bover‐CidStéphane DagnasMariem EllouzeSandrine GuillouGeorge‐John E. NychasCian O’MahonyFernando Pérez‐RodríguezJeanne‐Marie Membré
70
Citation
89
Reference
10
Related Paper
Citation Trend
Abstract:
In food safety and public health risk evaluations, microbiological exposure assessment plays a central role as it provides an estimation of both the likelihood and the level of the microbial hazard in a specified consumer portion of food and takes microbial behaviour into account. While until now mostly phenotypic data have been used in exposure assessment, mechanistic cellular information, obtained using omics techniques, will enable the fine tuning of exposure assessments to move towards the next generation of microbiological risk assessment. In particular, metagenomics can help in characterizing the food and factory environment microbiota (endogenous microbiota and potentially pathogens) and the changes over time under the environmental conditions associated with processing, preservation and storage. The difficulty lies in moving up to a quantitative exposure assessment, because the development of models that enable the prediction of dynamics of pathogens in a complex food ecosystem is still in its infancy in the food safety domain. In addition, collecting and storing the environmental data (metadata) required to inform the models has not yet been organised at a large scale. In contrast, progress in biomarker identification and characterization has already opened the possibility of making qualitative or even quantitative connection between process and formulation conditions and microbial responses at the strain level. In term of modelling approaches, without changing radically the usual model structure, changes in model inputs are expected: instead of (or as well as) building models upon phenotypic characteristics such as for example minimal temperature where growth is expected, exposure assessment models could use biomarker response intensity as inputs. These new generations of strain-level models will bring an added value in predicting the variability in pathogen behaviour. Altogether, these insights based upon omics techniques will increase our (quantitative) knowledge on pathogenic strains and consequently will reduce our uncertainty; the exposure assessment of a specific combination of pathogen and food will be then more accurate. This progress will benefit the whole community of safety assessors and research scientists from academia, regulatory agencies and industry.Keywords:
Exposure Assessment
This chapter contains sections titled: Types and Techniques Description of Hazard Analysis Types Timing of Hazard Analysis Types Interrelationship of Hazard Analysis Types Hazard Analysis Techniques Inductive and Deductive Techniques Qualitative and Quantitative Techniques Summary
Qualitative analysis
Cite
Citations (0)
Event tree analysis
Cite
Citations (0)
Environmental hazard
Cite
Citations (117)
This paper introduces the process of creating mining safety standardization and expounds the importance of hazard identification in creating work and the current hazard identification problems.In combination with the actual production situation of mining enterprises,the paper discusses the current work methods used in hazard identification,analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each method,describes the basic steps in the hazard identification in detail and propose the ways to strengthen the effectiveness of hazard identification,thus providing reference for the creation of metal and nonmetal mining safety standardization.
Identification
Nonmetal
Cite
Citations (0)
The automatic train control system (ATC) is the safety critical system (SCS). Based on the revised parts of the ATC, this paper analyzes the risks which may be triggered by the parts of modification. The paper follows the international standard of railway function safety, and describes the relevant requirements and basic methods. From the basic structure of the ATC, the required safety integrity level (SIL) of each part of the system is discussed. The paper concludes the methods for risk analysis and evaluation in the modified system. They contain hazard identification, hazard validation, consequence analyzing, the methods for determining risk category, hazard severity, possible hazard frequency, stages for dividing risks and recommended management for eliminate and alleviate risks. Those results of the revised system were analyzed by using lists of hazard identification, hazard influence and hazard liber. And risk monitoring is implemented by using the hazard liber.
System safety
Identification
Cite
Citations (2)
Abstract Recognizing the opportunity to take a proactive position in the identification, assessment, control and recovery of unsafe acts and incidents, the seismic safety work group of the E&P Forum chartered a task force to develop a generic hazard register which would identify the various activities around geophysical operations and assess them for possibilities for what could go wrong. In short, the hazard register documents the identification, assessment, control and recovery for each hazard present during execution of any tasks. Emphasis is placed on early identification, assessment and controlled during planning and survey design. The intent of this generic hazard register is to help individual contractors and companies to identify the specifics around their particular terrain and environment which have the potential to be a part to an unsafe act and the possible major catastrophic incident. We agree upon terms of reference which stated: to develop a generic hazards register, for safety, health and environment on the identification, assessment, control and recovery of the hazards that are inherent in land and marine operations. While much discussion focused on the various approaches that could be used to develop a generic hazard register, consensus was reached early concerning what the intent of the hazard register would be… that is, to reduce and/or eliminate the number of incidents that were occurring on geophysical crews and thereby improve overall safety, health and environmental performance.
Identification
Cite
Citations (0)
The analysis of hazard at quality safety of food is one of the macroscopic management in 1990s all over the world. This article studies its production and development. It discusses the three component of the analysis of hazard at quality safety and the relation between it and HACCP. Based on above, it brings the current conduction and development trend of the hazard estimate system in China.
Cite
Citations (0)
Hazard identification is the core content of the enterprise modern safety management.Only if the hazard factors in the operation and work environment have been identified,can enterprise carry out the effective safety control measures,so as to eliminate the potential causes of accidents,prevent and reduce accidents.The way of overall implementation,classification and description of the hazard identification is the prerequisite of hazard factors assessment and control.Based on the study of the scope,contents,classification,description and basic requirements of hazard identification,the author standardizes the standard of enterprise hazard identification,and provide a solid foundation for enterprise risk management.
Scope (computer science)
Identification
Cite
Citations (0)
The existing methodological approaches for hazard identification and selection of priority hazard contaminants in foodstuff for further health risk assessment and legislation (in case of need) do not represent the reasons of inclusion inadvertent chemical substances in a number of priority for health risk assessment. The absence both of complex assessment and potential hazard categories of contaminants do not allow to assess the urgency of health risk assessment. Thus, it's advisable to expand the existing methodological approaches with the criteria of selection of hazard inadvertent chemical substances in food. The criteria allow for an integral assessment and further categorizing for health risk assessment and legislation. The aim of the research was to develop the methodological approaches to selection of priority inadvertent chemical substances in foodstuff for risk analysis and legislation based on the integral assessment Results. Material and methods. Various methods of chemical analysis were applied for detection of potentially hazard chemical substances in foodstuff. The further hazard identification and selection of priority chemical substances has been based on suggested criteria and categories that complete existing methodology. The approbation of methodological approaches to integral assessment and categorizing has been carried out on milk. Results and discussion. The potential hazard identification of inadvertent chemicals has been carried out using the complex of selection criteria. It was suggested to apply scores for calculation of integral score for further categorizing and selection of priority chemical substances (taking into account substances' toxicity class and possibility of migration during cooking or formation during technological process, and from packing, and from food raw materials). 5 hazard chemicals in milk (2-furanmethanol, thallium, mevinphos, sulfotep, mephospholane) were defined as priority category as the result of approbation. Conclusion. Integral assessment and categorizing of potential hazard of inadvertent chemicals in food applying basic and additional criteria taking into account natural content of the substances and their possibility of migration in food allow to assess the priority of health risk assessment and further hygienic legislation of the substances (in case if the risk level is inappropriate). During the approbation on the example of milk, 5 unintended substances that had potential hazard category I (high priority) were recommended for further risk assessment.
Identification
Cite
Citations (4)
Hazard identification serves to establish whether the hazard is probable or actual in the food product and to document important known information about the relationships and interactions between the hazard, the food and the host, and also their relationship to human disease. Given that a wide range of microbiological hazards can cause foodborne illness, hazard identification should determine whether a potential hazard is realistic for the food product concerned. Hazard identification is the first stage in risk assessment. Food contamination surveillance data, along with product and process assessments, can help identify combinations of hazards and foods. Evidence from these sources is usually quantitative (i.e. it includes information on the concentration or number of units of the hazard in the food) and may also provide information that feeds into other stages of microbiological risk assessment, such as exposure assessment and/or establishment of a dose–response relationship.
Identification
Biological hazard
Cite
Citations (0)