Lechevalieria rhizosphaerae sp. nov., a novel actinomycete isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and emended description of the genus Lechevalieria
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Abstract:
A novel actinomycete, designated strain NEAU-A2T, was isolated from rhizosphere soil of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain NEAU-A2T should be assigned to the genus Lechevalieria and forms a distinct branch with its closest neighbour Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes DSM 40034T (99.0 %). Moreover, key morphological and chemotaxonomic properties also confirmed the affiliation of strain NEAU-A2T to the genus Lechevalieria . The cell wall contained meso-diaminopimelic acid and the whole-cell hydrolysates were galactose, mannose, rhamnose, glucose and ribose. The polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylmethylethanolamine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositolmannoside and two glycolipids. The predominant menaquinones were MK-9(H4) and MK-9(H6). The major fatty acids were iso-C16 : 0, anteiso-C15 : 0, C16 : 1ω7c and anteiso-C17 : 0. The DNA G+C content was 68.2 mol%. The combination of the DNA–DNA hybridization result and some phenotypic characteristics demonstrated that strain NEAU-A2T could be distinguished from its closest relative. Therefore, it is proposed that strain NEAU-A2T represents a novel species of the genus Lechevalieria , for which the name Lechevalieria rhizosphaerae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NEAU-A2T (=CGMCC 4.7405T=DSM 104541T).Keywords:
Strain (injury)
Rhamnose
Diaminopimelic acid
Arabinose
The water-soluble polysaccharides from Cassia angustifolia L. leaves were isolated and fractionated. The acidic polysaccharide fraction was separated into two subfractions S1 and S2 consisting of L-rhamnose, L-arabinose, D-galactose, and D-galacturonic acid. Further fractionation of the predominant S1 by GPC gave two fractions S1A and S1B with an average molecular weight of 2 x 10(6) and 1.5 x 10(5) d, respectively. Methylation analysis of S1A showed the presence of 1,4-linked galacturonic acid (31.0%), 1,2-linked rhamnose (14.5%), 1,2,4-linked rhamnose (15.8%), 1,3,6-linked galactose (15.3%), smaller amounts of 1,3-linked arabinose, 1.5-linked arabinose, and terminal galactose and arabinose residues. Mild acid hydrolysis of S1A indicated that the backbone consists of 1,4-linked galacturonic acid and 1,2-linked rhamnose residues in the ratio of 1:1. Every second rhamnose is connected via C-4 to arabinogalactan sidechains. The antitumor activity of the polysaccharide fractions was tested against the solid Sarcoma-180 in CD1 mice. Only S1A exhibited a significant antitumor activity with an inhibition rate of 51%.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
Arabinogalactan
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Rhamnose
Arabinose
Exudate
Uronic acid
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Rhamnose
Arabinose
Rhodiola Rosea
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Abstract Monosaccharides released by acid hydrolysis from paddy field soil, from the light and the heavy fraction of soil, front some plant fragment were determined using automated anio-exchange chromatography. Between 5 and 12 per cent of the organic carbon was present as saccharides. The monosaccharide composition of the different soils was very similar, in spite of differences in the absolute amount of saccharides present. The amount of the various monosaccharide in the whole soil was found to be in the order glucose»xylose galactose, mannose, arabinose rhamnose ribose. The monoccharide composition of the soils showed a marked contrast to that of the rice ra8ment, and partially decomposed plant remains taken from the soil. Glucose, xylose, arabi-the predominant saccharides in the rice fragments and the plant remains, while the amounts of galactose, mannose, rhamnose were negligibly small. It was found that the proportion of galactose, mannose, rhamnose and ribose in the heavy fraction Of soil was greater than that of glucose, xylose, and arabinose The present observation was in agreement with the view that soil sauharides comprised Pentoses originates in plant materials. The molar ratio of xylose to mannose was calculated to show the characteristics of the mono-saccharide composition of soils and some plant muerials.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
Monosaccharide
Ribose
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Rhamnose
Arabinose
Molar ratio
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Simultaneous determination of active components including mannose,rhamnose,glucose,galactose and arabinose in yam has been achieved by capillary electrophoresis with electrochemical detection.The effects of detection potential,concentration and pH of running buffer,separation voltage and injection time on the detection were investigated.Under optimum conditions,mannose,rhamnose,glucose,galactose and arabinose could be well separated within 13 min.The relationship between peak currents and mannose,rhamnose,glucose,galactose and arabinose concentration were linear over about three orders of magnitude with the detection limits of 0.45,0.56,0.35,0.78 and 0.65μmol/L,respectively.The method was successfully applied to the assay of rhamnose,glucose,galactose and arabinose in yam.The spiked recoveries were in the range of 97.8%-100.8%,with relative standard deviations less than 2.3%.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
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Cyclophosphamide were taken as comparison, S180tumor transplanting model was established to assay the inhibitory effect of polysaccharide from Korea and Japan Phellinus igniarius fruit-body. Gas chromatography(GC) was adopted to analyse the composition of monosaccharide. The result shows that: Both of polysaccharides showed potent anti-tumor effect, the rates of anti-tumor were 52.36%, 72.64%. It showed Phellinus igniarius fruit-body polysacchari-de of Korea was consisted of five monosaccharides, which are rhamnose, arabinose, glucose,mann-ose and galactose, the Japan was consisted of six monosaccarides, which are rhamnose,arabinose, xylose, glucose,mannose and galactose.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
Monosaccharide
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Rhamnose
Pectin
Arabinose
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Rhamnose
Monosaccharide
Arabinose
Glycosidic bond
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By purifying the crude tea polysaccharide from Xinyang Maojian tea with the methods of osmosis, seveg methods, by grading the tea polysaccharide over DEAE-cellulose colume, and through further purification, we found that the tea polysaccharide included three components(TPSI,TPS2 and TPS3),the percentage of them were 13.14%,17.43% and 7.71% respectively. By gas chromatography,we made out of their chemical ingredients and ratios shown as follows,TPSI∶Rhamnose∶Arabinose∶Mannose∶Glucose∶Galactose=0.58∶1.09∶0. 18∶0.87∶1.00;TPS2∶Rhamnose∶Arabinose∶Xylose∶Mannose∶Glucose∶Galactose=O.490∶O.97∶0.40∶0.17∶0.58∶1.00;TPS3∶Rhamnose,Arabinose∶Xylose∶Glucose∶Galactose=0.45∶1.1 7∶0. 4%∶3.58∶1.00.
Rhamnose
Arabinose
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