Effects of superliv® supplementation in feed on some biochemical parameters and egg quality indices of post peak shika brown layers
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To explore the mechanisms for production performance enhancement effects of Superliv®(Superliv), an Ayurvedic proprietary herbal supplement for livestock and poultry, post peak Shika Brown layers were exposed to the herbal mixture in feed and monitored over 12 weeks for effects on some blood chemistry and egg quality parameters. Fifty post peak Shika Brown layer chickens that have been in lay for over 38 weeks were randomly assigned to treatment groups A-E of 10 birds each. Group A hens received plain feed and served as control while groups B, C, D or E were fed diets supplemented with Superliv at the rate of 250g, 500g, 750g or 1000g per ton respectively, during a study period of 12 weeks. They were assessed before supplementation and subsequently, weekly; for biochemical parameters such as whole blood glucose, total serum protein, serum albumin and globulin as well as egg quality factors including: egg weight, albumen index, percentage shell, shell thickness, specific gravity and Haugh unit scores. From the results obtained, Superliv supplementation in feed caused significant decreases in overall mean total serum proteins (p<0.010) and serum albumin (p<0.018), increases in overall mean whole blood glucose concentration (p<0.020) but no significant changes in serum globulin as well as all egg quality factors evaluated. It is suggested that Superliv may promote production performance in post peak Shika Brown hens by enhancing the mobilization of plasma proteins into tissue sites for egg and body weight building. No adverse changes in egg quality traits may be associated with Superliv feed supplementation in layers. Keywords: Superliv, Blood chemistry, Egg quality, Feed supplements, LayersKeywords:
Haugh unit
Serum Albumin
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[Objective] Test was designed to study effects of wet fermented sesame meal replaced soybean meal on growth performance,egg quality and serum biochemistry parameters of Roman Brown hens. [Method]A total of 960 62-week-old Roman Brown hens were randomly allocated into 4 dietary treatments,5 replicates of 48 birds. The birds in control group were fed corn-soybean meal based diets and the experimental group were fed with wet fermented sesame meal added( the same as alternative energy and nitrogen meal) 4%,6% and 8% percentage points based diet. Fed diets for 5 days before the test began in the 4 treatments. The experiment lasted for 30 d. Calculated at the end of each set of performance tests to measure the serum biochemical indexes and egg quality. [Result] Test one group compared with the control group,can significantly reduce the Roman brown egg laying hens feed ratio( P 0. 05); laying rate,feed egg ratio,average egg weight,feed intake,daily egg production,death and elimination rate had no significant effect( P 0. 05) among the groups; compared with the control group,test three group can significantly reduce the rate of broken soft shell( P 0. 01). Egg shape index for each test group,egg shell rate,egg shell strength,albumen height,yolk color,yolk proportion,Haugh unit were not significant among the groups( P 0. 05); there were not any effects between the control group and the test groups on serum total protein,albumin,blood urea nitrogen,phosphorus and calcium( P 0. 05). [Conclusion] Diets supplemented with an appropriate amount of wet fermented sesame meal can improve the performance of Lehmann Brown hens and egg quality.
Haugh unit
Yolk
Completely randomized design
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This study was conducted to investigate the effects of dietary valine level on the performance,egg quality and serum biochemical indices in laying hens,and to explore the optimal valine level in the diet of laying hens.A total of 720 Hy-Line variety Brown laying hens aged 40 weeks were randomly allocated to 5 groups with 4 replicates per group and 36 hens per replicate.Valine was added to a basal diet to obtain the valine level at 0.6%,0.7%,0.8%,0.9% and 1.0%,respectively,and the experiment lasted for 8 weeks.The results showed as follows: 1) although supplementing the diet with valine did not affect the laying rate,average egg weight and average daily egg weight(P0.05),the average daily feed intake in 1.0% group and the feed/egg ratio in 0.8% group were significantly lower than those in the other groups(P0.05);2) supplementing the diet with valine did not affect the eggshell thickness,Haugh unit,yolk color,albumen height,and relative weight of egg white and yolk(P0.05),but the eggshell strength in 0.8% group was higher and the protein content in egg white in 1.0% group was lower compared with the other groups(P0.05 or P0.10);3) serum glucose content in 0.8% group was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P0.05),and the contents of urea nitrogen and uric acid in serum were higher and serum total amino acid content in 0.8% group was lower compared with the other group(P0.10);4) based on the feed/egg ratio,the eggshell strength and serum albumen content,the optimal valine levels in diets of laying hens in the laying peak period were 0.78%,0.81% and 0.75%,respectively,when the levels of crude protein,lysine and metabolizable energy were set at 15.81%,0.77% and 11.31 MJ/kg in diets.The results suggest that supplementing the diet with suitable valine level reduces feed/egg ratio,improve eggshell strength and serum glucose content.
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To investigate the effects of adding dried powder of medicinal plants (MP) including garlic (Allium sativum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) to rice bran-included diets on performance of laying hens, egg quality traits and blood differential count of white blood cells, 144 Lohmann LSL-Lite hens after production peak were randomly divided in 24 cages (n=6). Six iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous experimental diets (ME = 2720 Kcal/ Kg and CP=154.2 g/Kg) including three levels (0, 100 and 200 g/kg) of rice bran (RB) with MP (0 and 2.5 g/kg) were fed hens with 4 replicates per diet during 8-week trial period. In weeks 4 and 8, all produced eggs per each dietary group during three frequent days were collected to measure egg quality traits. To determine blood biochemical parameters and differential count of white blood cells, one randomly selected hen per replicate was bled via wing vein on day 35 of trial. Collected data of feed intake (FI), egg production (EP), egg mass (EM); calculated feed conversion ratio (FCR), egg quality traits and blood parameters in a 3×2 factorial arrangement was analyzed based on completely randomized design using GLM procedure of SAS. Dietary treatment did not have significant effect on EP, EM, FI and FCR of laying hens (P>0.05). Egg weight, egg index, Haugh unit, egg gravity and egg shell weight were not significantly affected by dietary treatment (P>0.05). Yolk color in the first measurement (wk 4) was higher in the control compared to the RB-included dietary group (P=0.02); but, in second egg sampling (wk 8) yolk color was higher in the 200 g RB-included dietary group (P= 0.01) compared the other dietary groups. In second measurement (wk 8) egg shell thickness was higher in the control compared to RB-included dietary groups (P=0.03). Dietary treatment did not have significant effect on feces pH (P> 0.05). From the results of the present study it can be concluded that RB can be included in diets of laying hens up to 20% with no adverse effect on productive performance. In terms of egg quality characteristics, egg shell quality might be improperly affected by dietary RB inclusion. Adding ground mixture of dried garlic and thyme did not have beneficial effects on hens' performance and egg quality.
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Yolk
Completely randomized design
Feed additive
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A 3x4 factorial design experiment was conducted to study the effect of three levels of dried alfalfa meal (0, 5 and 10%) and four levels of chromium picolinate, CrPic (0, 600, 1200 and 1800 µg/Kg diet) on performance and egg quality of Inshas layers during the period from 24 to 38 weeks of age.A total number of 216 laying hens and 36 cocks of Inshas strain at 24 weeks of age were randomly distributed into 12 treatment groups (18 hens + 3 cocks / each treatment) nearly equal in average body weight and average daily egg production.Each treatment group was sub-divided into three replicates (6 hens and one cock) in each.Productive and reproductive performance, egg quality, cholesterol content in blood serum, egg yolk, and liver were studied.Inclusion of 10% dried alfalfa meal in laying hen diets significantly (P<0.05)decreased body weight, egg number, egg production, egg mass, economical efficiency and exhibited the poorest feed conversion value during experimental period.In addition of 5% dried alfalfa meal in laying hen diets significantly (P<0.05)decreased feed intake during 30 to 34 weeks of age, egg yolk %, cholesterol and lipids % in blood serum, egg yolk and liver as compared with the control diet.Chromium supplementation at different levels had no effect on live body weight, while it a significant (P<0.05)increase in egg weight, fertility and hatchability percentages, egg specific gravity at 38 weeks of age and economical efficiency.However, serum cholesterol, yolk and liver cholesterol was significantly (P<0.05)decreased as a result of chromium supplementation.Laying hens fed diets containing 5% alfalfa meal plus 1200 Cr µg /Kg diet recorded the best economical efficiency values as compared with the other treatment groups.In conclusion, using 5% alfalfa meal with 1200 or 1800 µg Cr/Kg diet were beneficial in egg production and reducing egg yolk and liver cholesterol contents, and increasing the economical return.
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This study was designed to investigate the effect of essential phospholipids (EPL), as a hypocholestrolemic drug, on reducing cholesterol and lipid contents in the blood as well as in egg yolk and their effects on some productive and physiological traits of laying hens. A total number of 64 Bandarah hens at 30 weeks of age were used in this study for aperiod of 10 weeks. Birds were divided randomly into 4 experimental groups, 16 birds in each one. Group 1 was served as a control and fed the experimental diet without drug supplementation, while, groups 2, 3 and 4 were fed on the diets supplemented with 300, 400 and 500 mg EPL /kg diet, respectively. The results were summarized as follows: Essential phospholipids supplementation had no significant effects on body weight, feed conversion, egg weight, egg mass and egg production percentage among all experimental periods. While, highest dose of EPL (500 mg/kg diet) in laying hen diets caused a significant (P≤ 0.05) decrease in feed consumption among all experimental periods from 30 to 40 weeks of age compared with other supplementation doses. There was no significant influence of EPL supplementation in Bandarah hen diets on egg albumen (%), yolk (%), shell (%), shell thickness, egg shape index, yolk index and Haugh units during the experimental period, except egg yolk index at 40 weeks of age which was significantly (P≤ 0.05) increased compared with the control group.
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The effects of Superliv ® , a proprietary herbal feed additive, on some haematological parameters of laying hens were evaluated to determine the possible influence of the herbal feed supplement on the physiological status of laying birds in declining production phase of their life cycle. Fifty post peak Shika Brown layers were randomly assigned to five experimental groups (A-E) of 10 birds each. Group A birds were fed plain feed while groups B, C, D and E birds received feed supplemented with Superliv at the rate of 250g, 500g, 750g or 1000g per ton respectively over an experimental period of 12 weeks. They were monitored group wise, weekly, for some haematological parameters such as packed cell volume (PCV), red blood cell count (RBC), blood haemoglobin concentration (Hb), white blood cell count (WBC), erythrocyte indices and differential WBC counts. Superliv supplementation caused significant increases in PCV (P 0.05) changes in WBC, erythrocyte indices and differential WBC counts. The effects were most marked in the group that received 250g/ton of Superliv in feed. It is suggested that Superliv may induce production enhancement effects in post peak layers by acting as a haematenic. 250g/ton is recommended as the optimal inclusion rate for Superliv in layers’ feed.
White blood cell
Feed additive
Differential effects
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2 Abstract: A study was conducted to determine the effect of Eucalyptus leaf powder supplementation on productive performance and immune response of brown Hy-line laying hens. Sixty brown Hy-line layers were equally divided into four groups. They were fed diet containing 0, 1, 2 and 3g Eucalyptus leaf powder/kg diet form 46 to 54 weeks of age. Egg production (weight and number) was recorded daily. Body weight and feed consumption were recorded every 4 weeks. Cell mediated immunity was determined at 54 weeks of age. At the end of the experiment, internal and external egg quality measurements were determined. The present results revealed that supplementation of Eucalyptus at the rate of 3g/kg diet significantly increased egg number compared to the other groups. Likewise, the hens fed a diet containing 3g Eucalyptus produced significantly higher egg mass compared to remaining groups. However, there was no significant difference among treated groups for egg weight. There was no significant difference among treated groups for all egg quality traits, except for breaking strength. Whereas the eggs produced from hen fed a diet containing 3g Eucalyptus had a significantly higher breaking strength compared to other treated groups. With respect to immune response, it could be noticed that the hens fed diets supplemented with 2 or 3g Eucalyptus were significantly hyper responder to PHA-P injection compared to other groups. Moreover, the Eucalyptus supplementation at the rate of 2 and 3g/kg diet significantly decreased the H/L ratio of laying hens. In summary, the current experiment has shown that the inclusion of Eucalyptus at the level of 3g/kg diet is useful for improving the productive performance and immunity of commercial laying hens.
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Sixty four, 30-week-old, Lohmann Brown-Lite laying hens were randomly allocated to one of four treatments with eight replicates per treatment and two hens per replicate for a 10 week study.The control diet was a high energy (11.81MJ/kg) diet and the moderate energy (11.39 MJ/kg) diets were formulated dropping the level of animal fat.The three moderate energy diets were fed either unsupplemented (0.0%) or supplemented with 0.05 or 0.10% glycine.There were no significant differences (p>0.05) in hen-day egg production, egg weight, feed intake or feed conversion between birds fed the unsupplemented moderate energy and high energy diets.Significant differences were detected concerning egg components and quality measurements as assessed by albumen percentage (p = 0.02), yolk weight (p = 0.02), yolk percentage (p<0.01),yolk to albumen ratio (p<0.01) and yolk color (p = 0.01) between birds fed the unsupplemented moderate and high energy diets.Glycine supplementation of the moderate energy diet linearly increased (p<0.01)egg weight and feed intake with no significant (p>0.05)effects on egg production or feed conversion.Glycine supplementation significantly increased egg content (p<0.01),albumen weight (p<0.01) and percentage (p<0.01)as well as yolk weight (p<0.01) while yolk percentage (p = 0.04), yolk to albumen ratio (p = 0.01) and egg shell percentage (p<0.01)were linearly decreased.Supplementation with glycine produced a tendency (p = 0.09) towards an increase in the percentage of large eggs (63-72.9g) produced with a concomitant decrease in the percentage of small (below 53 g) eggs (p = 0.09).The overall results of this study indicate that glycine supplementation of laying hen rations has the potential to increase egg production and weight.These increases appeared to be mediated through increases in feed intake and the ileal digestibility of fat and energy.
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The objective of the study was to determine how the partial supplementation of Moringa oleifera whole seed meal (MOWSM) would affect layer performance, egg quality and egg fatty acid profile. One hundred and forty-four Hy-Line hens in early-lay (20-weeks-old), with an average body weight of 1.45 kg were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments which were formulated to meet or exceed the National Research Council standards for brown-egg laying hens. Dietary treatments consisted of 0 (control), 1, 3, and 5% MOWSM. Layer performance was monitored over a period of 8 weeks. The inclusion of MOWSM in layer diets reduced feed intake, bodyweight, the rate of lay, egg weight, and egg mass. Yolk colour was significantly improved by 1, 3 and 5% inclusion levels, while the albumen height decreased. The albumen weight, yolk weight, eggshell weight, eggshell thickness, and egg shape index showed no statistical differences across all treatment groups. Similarly, the saturated fatty acid profile was also not affected. Palmitoleic acid decreased with the increase in MOWSM inclusion, whilst linolelaidic acid increased. The atherogenicity index was not affected by MOWSM inclusion, while the thrombogenicity index increased when compared to the control diet. It was concluded that, although MOWSM inclusion improved yolk colour, maintained external egg quality, and improved the fatty acid profile, the deleterious effect that it had on layer performance indicated that it may not be fed to early-lay hens at these respective levels.Keywords: Alternative protein, egg production, laying hens, oil seeds
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Ninety hens were divided into six groups as a 2 x 3 factorial design and fed diets containing Wheat Bran (WB) at two levels of 0 and 5% and the enzyme phytase at three levels of 0, 150 and 300 FTU kg(-1). Egg weight, egg production, feed intake and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were determined. Eggs were collected on two consecutive days at fortnightly intervals to measure egg size and egg component weights. Shell thickness was measured. Egg production, egg weight, FCR and feed intake were not affected by WB. Egg production, egg weight and feed intake were significantly higher in phytase-supplemented groups than unsupplemented groups. FCR differed significantly between dietary treatments as phytase supplementation significantly decreased FCR. Inclusion of WB to the diets had no effect on egg size and albumen weight. Phytase supplementation did not affect yolk weight, although albumen and shell weight were significantly affected.
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