Rearing non-diapausing western spruce budworm on pre-mixed artificial diet
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The western spruce budworm, C. occidentalis Freeman, was reared on pre-mixed artificial diet in the laboratory without diapause. The colony was maintained indefinitely with a generation time of 38-40 days. Females deposited an average of 307 eggs of which about 91% survived. The rearing technique provided a steady and reliable supply of the insects for other basic research. The supply of insects could be adjusted according to need at any particular time. Sanitation is essential to successful rearing, because contamination of diet or rearing facilities produces an unsuitable environment for the survival and development of newly-hatched larvae.Cite
A method of rearing large numbers of black flies has been devised using a closed system of water circulation. The subsystems used for hatching, feeding, filtration, and adult trapping are labor-efficient and sufficiently flexible to be useful for rearing most species of temperate and tropical black flies. The filtration subsystem permits a daily assessment of such parameters as larval growth rate, drift, and mortality so that life table statistics can be derived for populations of immatures. Four species of black flies, Simulium pictipes, S. vittatum, S. decorum, and Cnephia dacotensis, were used in developing this unique rearing system. Percentage survival varied with species and appeared to be a function of food quantity within discrete particle-size intervals. Over 28,000 larvae of C. dacotensis were reared in a single unit with 89.3% surviving to the adult stage. In each of two rearings of S. pictipes, conducted under different nutritional regimens, approximately 60% survived to the imaginal stage. Over 9,500 adults of S. vittatum were reared from 12,127 eggs. An F1 generation of S. decorum was produced from parental stock that originated as field-collected larvae. Combined survivorship of this species approached 94% with the production of 5,847 adults.
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Abstract A preliminary study to define a laboratory diet on which to rear the larvae of Rhyacionia buoliana (Schiff.) was made. The rearing vials were very important and gaseous exchange was essential for proper rearing and moisture levels. It was found that wheat germ appeared to contain essential components or balance of nutrients necessary for rearing this insect. Ascorbic acid also appeared to be an important component either for its nutritional value or as an antioxidant protecting other labile dietary components. It also appeared, because of the feeding habits of this insect and the length of its life cycle, that the larvae may have to be periodically transferred to new diet formulations to insure the presence of changing necessary nutrient(s). Aseptic rearing of the larvae seemed to be feasible. It was found that eggs, surface sterilized in 0.1% hypochlorite solution for 10–15 minutes, could be aseptically introduced into containers without appreciable decrease in egg hatch; however, sustained asepsis was difficult to maintain in the rearing vials employed.
Aseptic processing
Asepsis
Oleoresin
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Journal Article Mass Rearing a Green Lacewing Get access R. L. Ridgway, R. L. Ridgway Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar R. K. Morrison, R. K. Morrison 6 6Present address: Entomology Research Division, Agr. Res. Serv., USDA, Columbia, Mo. 65201. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar M. Badgley M. Badgley Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic PubMed Google Scholar Journal of Economic Entomology, Volume 63, Issue 3, 1 June 1970, Pages 834–836, https://doi.org/10.1093/jee/63.3.834 Published: 01 June 1970 Article history Received: 23 June 1969 Published: 01 June 1970
Cannibalism
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Artificial diets have been employed for the mass-rearing of numerous insects because of their ease of use and standardized quality. An ability to store artificial diets under nonrefrigerated conditions over the long term could improve the efficacy of mass-rearing systems considerably. However, it remains largely unknown how long artificial diets can be stored at such temperatures without any adverse effects on the insects reared. In this study, we investigated yield, body size, and reproductive potential of West Indian sweet potato weevil, Euscepes postfasciatus (Fairmaire), which is a major sweet potato pest, under management using the sterile-insect technique in Japan and reared using artificial diets with different storage periods (14, 28, and 42 d) at nonrefrigerated temperatures (25 ± 1°C), and compared them with those of the control (0 d). Notably, E. postfasciatus yield and reproductive potential increased significantly with an increase in storage period (28 and 42 d). Conversely, male body size decreased significantly following feeding with artificial diet stored for 42 d, when compared with the control, while there were no significant differences in female body size between the control and all the treatments. We discuss the potential causes of such varying effects between yield and body size and conclude that E. postfasciatus artificial diet can be stored for at least 28 d without any adverse effects on weevil yield and weevil quality. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report revealing the positive effects of long-term storage of the artificial diet on mass-reared insects.
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Mealworm
Cannibalism
Anthocoridae
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The effect of breaking up the artificial diet of Euscepes postfasciatus into small pieces before egg seeding on the diet was examined as a possible method for improving larval survival rate in the mass rearing of the species. Breaking up the diet realized a 10-fold increase in number of emerging adults compared to the use of a non-broken up diet. Although the air permeability of the rearing tray was previously shown to affect survival of the species in a rearing method with a non-broken up diet, it did not significantly affect the survival rate when a broken up diet was used in the present study; therefore, a broken up diet is considered to be effective for ensuring good survival of the species, particularly in terms of a stable survival rate irrespective of the air permeability of the rearing tray.
Tray
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A method that induces diapause, originally developed for individually reared codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), was tested on the open tray, sawdust-based diet system used in Canada for mass-rearing. The efficiency of the standard and diapause rearing systems are compared and the quality of the adults reared from the two systems is discussed. The benefits and economics of rearing and storing CM larvae in diapause are discussed and related to the ongoing CM eradication program. Key words: Cydia pomonella ; mass-rearing; diapause; insect quality; storing
Codling moth
Sterile Insect Technique
Sawdust
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Hermetia illucens
Black fly
Clean water
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Burnt pine longhorn (BPL) Arhopalus ferus (Mulsant) (Coleoptera Cerambycidae) is an introduced species sometimes found in association with export logs and sawn timber A rearing method was developed to produce larvae of a known age number and quality for control trials Growth of larvae from newly hatched to 5 weeks was measured on a standard cerambycid artificial diet and on modified diets Replacing pine wood with pine bark sawdust increased survival at 5 weeks from 23 to 76 and mean weight from 9 to 21 mg There were significant interactions between the influences of three factors (diet period of rearing initial larval density) on the weight of surviving larvae Individual rearing was preferred for convenience and a standardised method was used to rear 8740 larvae for disinfestation trials Establishment and survival to 6 weeks for these larvae was 97
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