Kuk Phase 8: Heritage Issues to 2008
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In 2000, a demographic survey of households in selected nuclear villages was conducted in the rural Nang Rong district, northeastern Thailand. As part of a longitudinal study of social and environmental change, a migrant follow-up was conducted that tracked and surveyed adults from 22 survey villages who had out-migrated to Bangkok, Thailand, Korat, Buriram, and the Eastern Seaboard. Global positioning system (GPS) locations for 1022 migrants from the Nang Rong district, who settled in Bangkok, were collected and linked to the demographic surveys. Using these locations, and linking to urban migrant and rural household surveys, we report on the spatial pattern of migrants and their urban settings through remote sensing and statistical analyses. The spatial patterns of migrants' locations in Bangkok are examined using nearest neighbour analysis to determine whether migrants live in spatial clusters organized by economic activity, demographic characteristics, or rural village residence patterns. Neighbourhood environments of migrants' locations are characterized using remotely sensed imagery with an emphasis on the amount of impervious cover in spatially prescribed neighbourhoods that surround migrants' locations. The results show that the spatial clustering of migrants was significant for 12 of the 22 study villages, and the levels of spatial clustering were most associated with education and occupation variables. The neighbourhood environments of the migrants, indicated by the percentage of impervious cover and the mean impervious patch size, were modelled as a function of demographic and geographic variables, suggesting scale dependence of the findings.
Impervious surface
Neighbourhood (mathematics)
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Electrodeposited Fe-Zn alloy was studied with respect to the phase composition and workability.(1) The phase composition was investigated in the range of 10-30% Fe. The η phase was a main phase up to 13% Fe and extended further to 20% Fe. The δ1 phase appeared from 10% Fe and became a main phase in the range of 13-20% Fe. The δ1 phase was present up to 28% Fe. The Γ phase appeared from 10% Fe, but remained to a small extent up to 15% Fe. The Γ phase became a main phase in the range over 21% Fe and the sole one observed in the range over 28% Fe.(2) Depending on the bath used, different phase compositions which contain the same Fe in ehe deposit were found.(3) The phase composition determined workability of the deposit, which was evaluated in terms of draw bead test. The η phase exhibited good workability. In contrast, the δ1+Γ phases lowered the workability of the deposit. Since the presence of the η phase improves workability, it is desirable that the deposit contains the η phase to some extent from the viewpoint of workability.
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Three-phase
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Interphase
Phase boundary
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Мета статті – дослідити семантику фразових дієслів phase out т phase down, розібратися в лінгвістичних причинах різного тлумачення їх значень носіями мови. У процесі роботи використано метод порівняння, компонентний і семантичний аналізи. Розглянувши дефініції фразових дієслів phase out і phase down у лексикографічних джерелах, ми виявили, що зазначені дієслова Кембриджський словник англійської мови фіксує як абсолютні синоніми, а в словнику Мерріам-Вебстер їхні значення не тотожні. Виявлено, що в Кембриджському словнику англійської мови ядром передачі значення фразового дієслова phase down є дієслівний компонент, а в словнику Мерріам-Вебстер семантичний центр сполучення phase down зміщено під впливом прислівника down у бік його значення. В обох словниках семантичний центр фразового дієслова phase out зміщено в бік значення постпозитива out, який уточнює лексичне значення. Оскільки фразове дієслово phase down у Кембриджському словнику англійської мови означає ’to remove or stop using something gradually or in stages’, а прислівник down в жодному із словників не має значення ’to the point where something is removed or disappears / to the point of depletion, extinction, or exhaustion’ (на відміну від прислівника out), це дає підстави вважати phase down у Кембриджському словнику англійської мови ідіоматизованим фразовим дієсловом. Phase down в словнику Мерріам-Вебстер, phase out в обох словниках слід віднести до групи так званих напівідіоматизованих фразових дієслів. У напівідіоматизованих фразових дієсловах вербальний компонент зберігає своє пряме значення, тоді як постпозитив (прислівник) привносить додатковий відтінок значення. Проведене дослідження дає підстави констатувати, що в англійській мові те саме фразове дієслово може належати як до групи напівідіоматизованих, так і до групи ідіоматизованих фразових дієслів. Цим можна пояснити той факт, що для одних носіїв мови phase out і phase down – одиниці принципово різні, а для інших – що між ними немає різниці.
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The current research project aims to generate a bird guide in the urban area of the Pujili Canton, Cotopaxi province, to provide collected information on the bird species that exist in the parish. For which it was necessary to generate a diagnosis through a primary and secondary bibliographic review, obtaining the following components: in the socio-cultural part, La Matriz is the only urban parish in the canton with 10,064 inhabitants, within the environmental area, it has five sewage treatment plants that cover 85% of the metropolitan area, the remaining 15% is the cause of sources of contamination, in regards to the economic part, the population takes advantage of its pottery and trade as the primary source, and within the biophysical aspect, the territory presents erosion and loss of vegetation cover due to agricultural exploitation and expansion of the city. The presence of remnants of forests, home gardens, and three parks in the area with a high probability of observing birds, were aspects considered for the zoning of the study area, determining three zones; Z1 Historical Center, Z2 Limits, and Z3 Urbanization, each one with four specific points for the census (A, B, C, and D), to then carry out the bird census using point-to-point counting, linear transects and intensive search as recording techniques, obtaining as a result 20 birds species, 12 families and 686 individuals, the Thraupidae family being the most predominant with five species within the Passeriforme order that represents 65% of the total species. With the established areas, a comparison was made using the Sorensen Index. The similarity between Zone 2 and Zone 3 is 75.86%, while the Margalef Index, the weighting of the entire urban area, is 2,90 of a total of five points, implying that it has a medium diversity. Once the information had been systematized and the ideas organized, the bird guide was carried out using Canva and Adobe Illustrator as computer tools. This guide contains 20 pages. It can find 12cm x14cm photographs of the birds that could be seen in the city, complemented with their taxonomic file and a brief description of each species facilitating their identification.
Urban area
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Built-up area
Land Cover
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The aim of the research was to identify bird species of the urban area in La Mana canton, through the use of methods and techniques that concluded in a bird’s guide of the area. For this the diagnosis allowed to determine the physical and geographical conditions plus the vegetation type, as key factors to define bird’s presence. Therefore three zones where were stablished several monitoring points to register the species. Each zone had several observation points where an intensive searching and point count in linear transects was performed. The monitoring in the three zones included tributaries, streams, parks and gardens, registering a total of 56 species, being identified and classified taxonomically (subdivided into 13 orders and 23 families). The order that had more species was Passeriformes with 29, where the Tyrannidae family stands out with 11 species respectively, according to The International Union for the Nature Conservation (UICN, 2018) all registered species are in a minor concern state. In addition, the Sorensen index established that zones 1 and 2 have average similarity (46%); while the similarity is low among other zones (17.31% and 17.43); This because each area characteristics differ on their geographical conditions and human settlements present there. Through the Margalef index, diversity was established in the zones (DMg zone 1: 4.66; DMg zone 2: 7.40; DMg zone 3: 3.38); which indicates that the zone with greater diversity is zone 2, this may be due to the fact that spaces that have not yet been completely intervened, allowing them to have food sources and shelter for the species. With the registration of species and taxonomic information (order, family, scientific name, common and English name, and a description of the species accompanied by a photograph), a guide was designed that allows easy birds recognition in the country side and in urban ecosystems. It could be concluded that despite having urban settlements, agricultural expansion and other anthropogenic activities that threaten the habitat of birds, several species have adapted to the new conditions and are found in inhabited areas by humans in the remnants areas with vegetation (forests, gardens, ravines, riverside areas); what could be an indication that the ornitofauna is a research topic that can be expanded and at the same time it could promote the practice of bird tourism as a sustainable and resource-generating environmental awareness and natural resource protection.
Diversity index
Human settlement
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The nationally-recognized Susquehanna
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performances have been described
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musical level.AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂA¢AÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂAÂA Experience choral
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