The Effects of Grass Seed Mixtures using Domestic Cultivars on Botanical Composition and Dry Matter Productivity in Low Productive Hilly Pasture, Central Region of Korea
Jeong Sung JungJong Geun KimHyeon Shup KimHyung Soo ParkKi Choon ChoiSang Hoon LeeHee Jung JiGi Jun ChoiWon Ho Kim
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The performance of 144 Hampshire and Hampshire × Dorset late-born lambs over a 3-year period was obtained during the summer on regimens of orchardgrass pasture, orchardgrass plus cracked yellow corn, and a mixed ration in dry lot. Performance of lambs grazing pasture alone was inferior to lambs grazing similar pasture plus corn, or to that of those in dry lot. The pasture plus corn ration produced lambs equal in carcass yield and carcass quality to those on dry-lot rations; however, lambs in dry lot grew at a significantly faster rate. The decline in TDN of orchardgrass pasture accounted for 61% of the variation in decline of ADG of lambs on pasture alone and 40% of the variation in decline of ADG of lambs on similar pasture receiving corn. The decline in digestible protein of pasture was positively correlated with ADG of lambs on pasture alone and with ADG of lambs on similar pasture plus corn. This work indicates that with adequate supplemental feed lambs can be finished to a satisfactory grade and weight during the summer months.
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On the basis of clean cultivated pasture of perennial lucerne and mixture pasture of perennial awnless brome and lucerne,the effect of pasture species and mixing method on pasture drying rate was analyzed.The results showed that among sunshine,spraying 2% K_2CO_3,pressed stems and branches and spraying 2% K_2CO_3 after pressed stems and branches,the latter three groups could accelerate the drying rate,and the forth group was the best.Compared with the clean cultivated pasture,the mixture pasture was dried faster in every group.The mixture pasture was dried,without any control,even faster than the clean cultivated pasture with the forth control.
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Over the past 5 years a herd of up to 180 cows has been milked by two automated milking systems (AMS) at the Greenfield Project research farm near Hamilton. The performance parameters pertaining to pasture management and pasture utilisation during the 2004/05 season are described. The 54 ha farm had an estimated net pasture accumulation of 16.2 t DM/ha/yr. The estimated pasture consumption was determined using back calculations to be 12.3 t DM/ha/yr resulting in an estimated efficiency of pasture utilisation of 76% (based on consumed vs. net accumulation). The data presented suggest that it is possible to achieve satisfactory pasture intakes, pasture utilisation and to be able to maintain pasture quality with automatic milking in a low-input, pasture-based system. Keywords: automatic milking, grazing, pasture management, pasture utilisation
Milking
Automatic milking
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1. To study the effects of water, salt and sunshade at pastures on body weight changes and carcass characteristics of lambs, Finnish Landrace (F) ×Suffolk (S) male lambs were grazed on a pasture with water, salt and sunshade (pasture I) and another pasture without those (pasture II). 5 lambs were investigated for 95 days, respectively. Corridale (C) male lambs also were grazed on both pastures for first 28 days. 2. F×S lambs on pasture I drank water of 1.4kg/ head daily, licked salt of 1, 2g/ head daily. They utilized sunshade very frequently on sunny days in summer and their utilization was remarkably increase than that of C lambs. 3. The body weight changes of lambs on pasture II were influenced seriously by weather conditions.F×S lambs on pasture I were heavier than F×S lambs, on pasture II by 20g of daily gain or 1.6kg of final body weight. There was, however, on difference in carcass characteristics between two pastures, and both were suitable for fat-lamb production.
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Abstract This experiment assessed the effect of commonly used pasture species and their establishment technique on endoparasites on herbage in Canterbury, New Zealand. Pasture plots were artificially contaminated with lamb faeces with a known endoparasite egg count. Subsequent treatments included retaining the original pasture, replacing the pasture immediately with new pasture via cultivation or direct-drilling, replacing the pasture immediately with a brassica via cultivation or direct drilling, or replacing the pasture immediately with a barley grain crop via cultivation. Brassica and grain crops were later replaced with new pasture. Herbages were harvested and dry matter (DM) yield and numbers and species of endoparasites (L3) were determined. Pasture and brassica establishment technique had no effect on herbage production. The old pasture initially contained more L3 than all other treatments, but subsequently had a similar number to pasture renewed by direct drilling, both of which had considerably more than all other treatments. Establishing new pasture by direct drilling resulted in 12 760 L3/kg DM over 56 weeks, nearly three times more than occurred following cultivation. Brassica swards had fewer L3 than did new grass. Nematodirus L3 were disproportional to the number of eggs deposited; they represented 2% of the eggs deposited but 67% of the L3, and they were more persistent, representing 30% of the L3 present during March but 87% during October.
Brassica rapa
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Aim of this low cost pasture renew trial is to improve the condition of pasture growing in deteriorated pasture caused by weeds and pasture grub. The results found that: apply herbicide+oversowing, 24h grazing+oversowing can increase pasture density and production and improve pasture competition, compare with cultivation, the cost was reduced by 54.1% and 64.3%.
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Persistence of pasture is considered an important trait by many farmers using pasture-based systems. Despite this, pasture persistence is generally poorly defined. This study includes an analysis of changes in farm operating profits (OP) when pasture persistence is improved. Persistence was defined as either a 1-year increase in years at peak dry matter (DM) production or a reduction in the rate of decline in annual pasture DM production after the year that peak production occurred (duration of pasture life), both resulting in a 1-year delay in pasture renovation. Changes in OP for these definitions of pasture persistence were modelled for two dairy farms in temperate regions of Australia (Terang in south-western Victoria and Elliott in Tasmania). An increase in duration of peak DM production on the basis of economic theory increased OP more than an increase in duration of pasture life. Increases in OP for a 1-year increase in peak DM production were AU$165 ha–1 for Terang and $202 ha–1 for Elliott. This compared with $21 ha–1 for Terang and $15 ha–1 for Elliott for a 1-year increase in the duration of pasture life. Therefore, farmers and plant breeders could place more emphasis on improving the duration of time that pasture plants achieve peak DM production than improving pasture persistence at the end of the pasture plant’s lifetime, to increase annual OP.
Persistence (discontinuity)
Animal Breeding
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Abstract Results of 10 years' experimentation on factors affecting pasture production in Southlan are reported. Aspects covered include pasture and species establishment, effects of management on pasture and species production, evaluations of pasture legumes and grasses, effects of applied nitrogen on pasture production, and seed production of cocksfoot.
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