Elemental Profile and 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb, 87Sr/86Sr Isotope Ratio as Fingerprints for Geographical Traceability of Romanian Wines
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Geographical wine traceability is an important topic in the context of wine authentification. Therefore, many researchers have addressed this subject by developing different methodologies based on multivariate analysis of organic and inorganic parameters and also by isotopic signature. The goal of this research was to assess the potential of elemental composition and isotopic signature of lead (207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb and 204Pb/206Pb) and strontium (87Sr/86Sr) of wines from three Romanian vineyards, in order to highlight reliable markers for wine geographical origin. The ICP-MS method was used for the concentration determination for 30 elements (Ag, Al, As, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, In, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Na, Ni, Pb, Rb, Se, Sr, Tl, V, U, Zn, Hg). In this study 10 wines (2 red and 8 white) obtained from ‘Merlot’, ‘Fetească neagră’, ‘Fetească albă’, ‘Fetească regală’, ‘Băbească gri’, ‘Șarba’, ‘Aligoté’, ‘Sauvignon blanc’, ‘Muscat Ottonel’, ‘Italian Riesling’ cultivars were investigated. The wine samples were obtained from micro-wine production under conditions of 2014, 2015, 2016 from Dealu Bujorului, Murfatlar and Ștefănești-Argeș vineyards. The high level of K (148.66±5.41-633.74±4.13 mg/L), Mg (88.23±0.84-131.66±3.42 mg/L), Ca (49.84±1.22-89.18±2.34) and Fe were observed in the wine samples analysed. Heavy metals like Hg, Pb, As and Cd (10.2-315 µg/L) were found below acceptable limits. Concentration of Na (1 mg/L), Cu (1 mg/L), As (0.2 mg/L), Cd (0.01 mg/L), Zn (5 mg/L) and Pb (0.15 mg/L) metals in analysed wine samples were under Maximum Permissible Limits (MPL), respectively as published by the Organization of Vine and Wine. The variation of the 207Pb/206Pb, 208Pb/206Pb, 204Pb/206Pb and 87Sr/86Sr ratio and K/Rb, Ca/Sr of the investigated wine clearly demonstrated that these variables are suitable traces for wine geographical origin determination. The proposed methodology allowed a 100% successful classification of wines according to the region of provenance.Keywords:
Radiogenic nuclide
The samples of the newly-produced uncatalyzed aged wine,naturally-aged wine and electro-catalyzed wine are analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance. The result shows theΔδof the naturally-aged wine is bigger than the newly-produced uncatalyzed aged wine and theΔδof the electro-catalyzed wine is bigger than the newly-produced uncatalyzed aged wine,which results from the association of hydrogen bond and the chemical shift of the water in naturally-aged wine and electro-catalyzed wine towards low field.
Aging of wine
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Radiogenic nuclide
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Radiogenic nuclide
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The study attempts to determine the gaps of wine consumers ratings to Indian wine as compare with imported wine. Twelve parameters are used to compare the ratings of Indian with Imported wine on five-point scale. 325 wine consumers have selected for this study from major wine consuming regions of India. Correlation Coefficient and student t test were used to examine wine consumers ratings. The study found that there is highly significant difference in the ratings given to Indian and Imported wine. This paper reveals that wine consumers consider imported wine superior to Indian wine.
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The newly produced uncatalyzed wine, the naturally-aged wine of three years and the catalyzed wine stored for six months are analyzed with HPLC. The result shows the content in newly produced uncatalyzed wine differs from that of the naturally-aged wine and the catalyzed wine. The content of the naturally-aged wine and the catalyzed wine is similar.
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Abstract Laboratory experiments indicate radiogenic argon is not wholly driven off on prolonged heating but converges towards definite minimum values for each temperature. Atoms of radiogenic argon in the lattice of feldspars cannot diffuse spontaneously and can only migrate during reorganization of the lattice during unmixing or exsolution phenomena. Migration of radiogenic argon is subject to heterodiffusion theory while, simultaneously, telluric temperature currents or fluctuations exert much effect on radiogenic argon content and can therefore distort absolute age determinations. R. M. Hutchinson
Radiogenic nuclide
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The important influence that the radioactive decay of the radio-elements uranium and thorium has had on the geochemical distribution of lead is now well appreciated, but little is known about the possible geochemical implications of the radioactivity of rubidium. Like its alkali metal homologue potassium, rubidium is β radioactive and slowly disintegrates into a stable isotope of strontium: small quantities of strontium have therefore been accumulating in various minerals since the earth's crust first consolidated. This paper will describe firstly, the abundance of radiogenic strontium in the earth's crust as a whole, and secondly, the distribution of radiogenic strontium in various minerals and rocks, in particular those which are of igneous origin.
Radiogenic nuclide
Rubidium
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The purpose of the present paper is to show He, Ar isotopic application to studying the accumulation mechanism of natural gases in the central areas of ( Xiaoquan, Xincheng and Hexinchang ) Western Sichuan Basin. The gas reservoirs occur at depths ranging from 560m to 4566m, in which CH4 dominates, occupying up to 92% to 99% by volum of the gas samples, and being believed to be thermogenetic in source. The samples all have ^40Ar/^36Ar ratios greater than the atmospheric value(295.5). The calculated radiogenic ^40Ar content ranges in 20% to 60% by the total volum of each sample. And the ^3He/^5He ratios(R/Ra=0.01-0.1), suggesting that all the He in these samples is entirely crust radiogenic. The radiogenic ^4He/^40Ar ratios are 1.3 times to 29 times greater than the crustal production ratio(4.92), being attributed to the preferential transport of ^4He relative to ^40Ar in fluxes from the basement into the upper strata. The observed correlation between the CH4/^36Ar and ^4He/^40Ar ratios clearly indicates that the thermogenetic CH4, and crust radiogenic ^4He and ^40Ar, as well as atmopheric ^36Ar are intimately associated. These characteristics require a common carrier intermediate to the sampled reservoirs, where these differentially originated gases are well mixed and stored together in prior to entrapment into gas reservoirs.
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This paper explores the moderating effects of wine involvement on wine tourism behaviour, together with individuals’ self‐image congruity with wine tourism, attitude to wine tourism and their intentions to visit a wine region. A sample of 696 of wine consumers was obtained. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypotheses about the different kind of invariance’s among the model for respondents who are high involved wine consumers vs. those who are low involved wine consumers. The results suggest consumers who have high involvement with wine are more congruent with wine tourists, than those who do not have a low level of involvement in wine. Attitude to wine tourism and its impact on intentions to visit a wine region were positively significant for both high and low involvement groups.
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