Lifestyle factors and oncogenic papillomavirus infection in a high-risk male population
Elena López-DíezSonia Pérez‐CastroManuel CarballoAmparo IñarreaAngel de la OrdenMáximo CastroMoises RodríguezSheila AlmusterRuben MonteroMiguel David Fernández PérezJorge SánchezAntonio Ojea
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High risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infection in males is a health issue with implications for HPV-related lesions in their partners. The identification of risk factors for male infection may improve our understanding of HR-HPV transmission and prevention. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships between lifestyle, genital warts and HR-HPV infection. The study was focused on men with an increased risk of HR-HPV infection: male sexual partners of women diagnosed with high-grade squamous intraepithelial cervical lesions.Men were enrolled and prospectively recruited within the first six months after diagnosis of cervical lesions in their female partners (n = 175, 2013-2016). Epidemiological and sexual behaviour data were obtained. The presence of genital warts was established by visual inspection. Detection and genotyping of HR-HPV infection in genital samples were performed with a Linear Array HPV Genotyping Test. All HR-HPV positive men were offered a follow-up exam at 12 months. SPSS version 19 was used for statistical analysis.The prevalence of HR-HPV infection in men was 45.1% (79/175). Genital warts were observed in 10.3% (18/175) of the subjects. Detection of genital warts (OR 3.5, p = 0.015), smoking habits (OR 2.3, p = 0.006) and sexual debut before 16 years old (OR 2, p = 0.035) were associated with an increased risk for HR-HPV infection (univariate analysis). This association was also observed for genital warts and smoking status in a multivariate analysis. The same genotype was found after one year in 71.4% (20/28) of subjects.The presence of genital warts and smoking habits seem to be associated with a higher risk of HR-HPV infection in males. Earlier sexual debut may increase this risk. Extensive knowledge of the natural history of HR-HPV infection in males is an absolute requirement for the design and implementation of prevention strategies for the general population as well as for specific populations such as couples after treatment for high-grade cervical lesions.Keywords:
Genital warts
Sex organ
Univariate analysis
Background and objectives: External genital warts are currently the most common form of viral sexually transmitted disease found in the general population which occur as a direct result of infection with the human papilloma virus. Our aim was to study the clinical features of genital warts among populations of Erbil governorate. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted for 6 month’s period from (September 2017 to March 2018) on 150 patients at the Erbil Dermatology Teaching Center; Erbil governorate. Participants were interviewed and examined individually, and diagnosis of the genital warts confirmed clinically. Results: female to male ratio is 1: 2.9. Our data showed the highest prevalence (44.7% of our main sample size of external genital wart) was among age groups ranging from (28-37 years) of both genders. The second peak was noted at age groups (18-27years) which was about 26.7%. The range declines to less than 1.3% for the age group of 75 years and above. We found a slightly higher prevalence of external genital wart among males (54%) versus females (46 %). Higher prevalence of the disease was found among the married samples of both genders (74.7 %) versus singles (25.3%). No female patient; whether married or single, admitted having multiple partners while some male’s patients were having multiple partners. Conclusions: This study showed that genital warts are more common in male with multiple sex partner and who are married and it’s also more common in lower educational levels of population.
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ABSTRACT Purpose Genital warts are one of the most common sexually transmitted infections and are known to develop due to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, especially HPV types 6 and 11. However, their prevalence and subtypes in male genital warts remains poorly defined. HPV vaccine is administered to men in part to prevent anogenital warts and it is important to investigate their expected impact in male anogenital warts. Materials and Methods We have herein conducted a multicenter, prospective study to analyze HPV type distribution in genital warts of 1000 Korean men by using DNA microarray that can detect 40 types of genital HPV. Results 1000 out of 1015 genital warts showed HPV DNA. Out of 1000 HPV-positive samples, 18.8% showed mixed infection and 81.2% showed single infection. Of 18 high-risk (16.2%) and 14 low-risk (94.3%) HPV types detected, the most common type of HPV types were HPV6 (59.5%), followed by HPV11 (24.3%), HPV16 (5.8%), HPV91 (5.3%), HPV40 (3.3%). 85.9% showed the 9 HPV types covered by the vaccine. Sixteen of the 200 HPV specimens submitted for sequencing showed discrepant results compared to the DNA sequencing. Conclusions Male genital warts predominantly show low-risk type HPV (HPV 6 and 11). However, high-risk HPV is not uncommon and the role of high-risk HPV in genital warts may be considered. The Gardasil 9 HPV vaccine is expected to provide protection against about >80% of male genital warts. Further HPV typing studies in male genital warts are necessary in other races and geographical areas to define the role and management of high-risk type HPV in male genital warts.
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Condyloma Acuminatum
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Genital warts
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Condyloma Acuminatum
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Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) are caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV) and are the most frequently diagnosed viral sexually transmitted infection in the UK. This article aims to provide an overview of the natural history of HPV, the clinical presentation and management of genital warts and an overview of the national HPV vaccination programme.
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Condyloma Acuminatum
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Lichen sclerosus (LS) is a chronic, inflammatory, mucocutaneous disorder of the genital and extragenital skin.Anogenital warts are benign proliferative lesions caused by human papillomavirus (HPV), which is found in > 95% of lesions.We present two cases of the coexistence of LS and genital warts: one patient with and one without a previous history of genital warts.According to our knowledge and a literature search, only a few cases of the coexistence of LS and genital warts have been reported.
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Mucocutaneous zone
Common warts
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Objective:To determine the clinical characteristics,diagnosis and treatment of genital human papillomavirus(HPV) infection during pregnancy and whether people have persistent HPV infection may pregnant.Methods:Forty-five pregnant women with genital HPV infection in PUMCH were analyzed retrospectively.Results: In these forty-five patients with genital HPV infection,26(58%) cases of genital warts,18(38%) subclinical infection,and 1(4%) latent infection with positive HPV-DNA but no any symptom and pathological changes.10(22%) patients were involved simultaneously other genital infection.Only 16(36%) patients received treatment of drug,laser,cryosurgery or surgery.39 patients,including 3 patients with persistent HPV infection had full-term pregnancy.No respiratory papillomatosis cases were identified in all newborns.3 patients kept genital warts in the postnatal recheck.13 patients had thinprep cytological test again and 4 were abnormal.5 patients had hybrid capture(HC2) again and 2 were positive.Conclusions: Prevalence of respiratory papillomatosis is rare in newborn with maternal genital HPV infection that often complicated with other genital infection.The patients with persistent HPV infection may pregnant when virus burden is low.
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Recurrent Respiratory Papillomatosis
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We conducted a cross-sectional study on the occurrence of a specific type of genital human papillomavirus (HPV) among long-term monogamous male partners of women with cervical dysplasia and genital warts. The purpose of the study was to improve knowledge with regards to the management of these couples. The presence of genital HPV-DNA was detected by PCR with broad spectrum primers followed by hybridization. 82 males met the study criteria, 41 in each group. Genital HPV-DNA prevalence was 67.5% in the genital warts group and 72.2% in the cervical dysplasia group. The prevalence of high risk HPVs was higher in the cervical dysplasia group, while low risk HPVs were more prevalent in the genital warts group (p < .05). The prevalence of HPV in males was independent of the duration of the relationship (73.5% for 6-24 months and 66.7% for longer relationships). In conclusion, our results suggest that the prevalence of the genital HPV infection in both groups of male partners is comparable and very high, but the spectrum of HPV types varies significantly. The presence of the genital HPV infection in male sexual partners seems to be independent of the duration of the relationship. Applying the HPV vaccination to boys may prevent this phenomenon.
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Cancer-associated human papillomavirus (HPV) types are detected in genital warts removed from immunosuppressed individuals more commonly than from those occurring in otherwise healthy individuals. The prognosis of genital warts containing cancer-associated HPV types is not known. Because it is assumed that genital warts are benign lesions, they are usually treated by destructive therapies without prior knowledge of histopathology. The aim of the present study was to determine whether genital warts from individuals with or without human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) contain high-risk HPV types or areas of dysplasia. The study design was a nonrandomized analysis of genital warts removed by excision biopsy from 15 HIV-infected patients and 15 HIV-negative patients. The tissue was analyzed for HPV DNA by hybrid capture, and microscopic sections of each biopsy were examined for areas of dysplasia. Genital warts from HIV-infected patients contained cancer-associated ("high risk") HPV types in 9 of 15 cases, including 1 that contained only a high-risk type. High-grade dysplastic abnormalities were present in 2 of the 15 lesions from this group, both of which contained high-risk HPV types. Four genital warts removed from HIV-negative patients contained high-risk HPV types, but none contained dysplastic abnormalities. It is concluded that genital warts from HIV-infected patients often contain high-risk HPV types. Such lesions may exhibit dysplastic changes. The frequency of dysplastic changes in genital warts from HIV-infected patients is not known. Biopsy of genital warts may be indicated prior to additional therapy in HIV-infected patients, and surgical removal should be considered as a preferred treatment option in these patients. J. Med. Virol. 54:69–73, 1998. © 1998 Wiley-Liss,Inc.
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Histopathology
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Human papillomavirus infections of the genitals are very widespread in the sexually active population throughout the world. Not only cosmetically unattractive skin warts but also genital squamous epithelial carcinomas of both sexes may be caused by human papillomavirus infections. In the past 30 years, this has led to intensive research on human papillomavirus. This paper reviews and evaluates the current literature on the pathomechanism, diagnostics, therapy, risk groups and clinical significance of human papillomavirus in urology and other specialities.
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Koilocyte
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