Environmental Accidents and Risk Reduction in China
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Currently, the prevention of devastating accidents (at least 3 fatalities in one accident) is still the focus of accidents prevention in China due to the serious consequence and the huge impact. Meanwhile, the prevention of devastating accidents that include at least 10 fatalities in one accident has been one of the most important tasks of road traffic safety. The study on the devastating accidents in China is relatively missing. The total situation, recent trends of the devastating accidents and characteristics of the devastating accidents are analyzed. Although the total devastating accidents were declined, serious accidents occurred more frequently and the consequences were more serious. The reasons of serious accidents are investigated. The increase of the accident risk and severity are main impact factors. Accidents with at least 10 fatalities in one accident occur sporadically, and it is unrealistic to completely avoid this kind of accidents. The ideas should been changed. Curbing all devastating accidents including the accidents with at least 10 fatalities in one accident should been the most important goal of road traffic safety at present. The macroscopic analysis and the in-depth analysis of devastating accident cases should be strengthened to further curb the devastating accidents.
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전 세계적으로 화학물질의 사용이 급증함에 따라 국내·외적으로 증가하고 있는 화학사고 발생에 대비한 국민들의 대응 능력 강화의 필요성이 대두됨에 따라, 본 연구는 우리나라 최대 석유화학단지 인근 주민을 대상으로 화학사고에 대한 위험 인지와 대처방안 능력을 규명함으로써 민관협업의 상호협조와 신뢰성 구축에 기반이 되는 정책 개발의 기초 자료로 제공하고자 하였다. 울산광역시 남구관내 14개 표본조사구를 할당 표출하여 선정된 1,983명의 주민을 대상으로 화학단지 인근 주민의 화학사고 위험 인지와 대처방안 인식 상관관계를 조사하였다. 분석 결과, 화학단지 인근에 거주하는 주민들은 발생 가능한 위협적인 사고들 중에서 화학사고가 발생가능성이 가장 높고 피해도 심각하다고 인지하여 평소 걱정도 많이 하고 있는 반면에 대처방안 능력은 가장 낮아 주민 대상의 화학사고 대책이 시급하다는 사실이 확인되었다. 따라서 본 연구 결과는 주민과 소통하고 협력하는 화학안전 정책과 프로그램 개발의 근거자료로 제공될 것이며, 이를 토대로 민관협업의 통합적 안전관리방안을 모색하는 것이 바람직할 것이다.The purpose of this research is to understand risk perception and awareness of countermeasures for chemical accidents along with the needs of the citizens in Ulsan metropolitan city, home of the biggest petrochemical complex in Republic of Korea. It is found that the residents near chemical factories have anxiety on the accidents but have little experience in being educated or advertised on them, which results in the lack of information on the chemicals handled in the factories near them. According to the correlation analysis, the anxiety on accident occurrence was shown to have a statistically significant correlation with the possibility of accident occurrence and the seriousness of damages from accidents. Thus the results from this study will be provided as an evidence for the development of policies and programs for chemical safety on communication and cooperation with the citizens, and it is recommended to strive for coming up with a comprehensive safety management methods with private and public cooperations.
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