dual analysis of adjuncts/complements in categorial grammar
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Abstract:
The distinction between COMPLEMENTS and ADJUNCTS has a long tradition in grammatical theory, and it is also included in some way or other in most current formal linguistic theories. But it is a highly vexed distinction, for several reasons, one of which is that no diagnostic criteria have emerged that will reliably distinguish adjuncts from complements in all cases – too many examples seem to "fall into the crack" between the two categories, no matter how theorists wrestle with them.
In this paper, I will argue that this empirical diagnostic "problem" is, in fact, precisely what we should expect to find in natural language, when a proper understanding of the adjunct/complement distinction is achieved: the key hypothesis is that a complete grammar should provide a DUAL ANALYSIS of every complement as an adjunct, and potentially, an analysis of any adjunct as a complement. What this means and why it is motivated by linguistic evidence will be discussed in detail.
Keywords:
Adjunct
Complement
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This paper investigates the use of adjunct and complement postmodifiers in academic and popular medical articles, following a generative approach advocated by Chomsky (1970). It aims to show that this use is affected by the genre of these articles. For this reason, the frequency distributions of these adjunct and complement postmodifiers are studied in a medical corpus of 70.000 words equally divided between academic articles (6 articles) and popular articles (11 articles). The quantitative analysis reveals that adjunct postmodifiers are found to be slightly less frequent than complement postmodifiers within the whole corpus and more importantly that academic articles show a preference of complement postmodifiers at the expense of those acting as adjuncts whereas popular articles display a higher frequency of adjunct postmodifiers. These findings lead to the conclusion that the use of adjunct and complement postmodifiers is relatively genre-affected.
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