122 Influence of bending moment on formation of plate-like trabecula by bone remodeling
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曲げモ ーKeywords:
Trabecula (gastropod)
Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling is a fundamental mechanism of bone metabolism in tissue level. Bone remodeling demonstrates sequential phase of activation, resorption, reversal, and formation. Bone histomorphometry can make the quantitative assessment of the turnover in bone remodeling.
Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling period
Tissue Remodeling
Bone histomorphometry
Bone tissue
Bone Formation
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Trabecula (gastropod)
Cancellous bone
Strain (injury)
Bone tissue
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Objective To study the microstructure of the cervical vertebrae in osteoporosis.Methods Eighty vertebrae from 20 cadavers were exanmied by x ray,and divided into two groups:osteoporosis and normal control,based on the changes of the trabecula number on x ray film.Then the specimens were sectioned in the same level,and prepared for being scanned by SEM.Results It showed extensive resorption of the trabecula horizontally and vertically,manifested as thinning,and broken of the trabecula which resulted in widening the intertrabecula space.The collagen fibrils on trabecula surface were loosely arranged.Conclusion The vertebral deformity and fracture with osteoporosis is mainly resulted from the change of the microstructure of vertebral trabecula and the mal arrangement of the collagen fibrils on trabecula surface with loosening the firming effects of the fibrils.
Trabecula (gastropod)
Collagen fibril
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Bone remodeling
Osteocyte
Trabecula (gastropod)
Bone cell
Mechanical load
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Objective To analyze the microstructure of trabecula in different regions of femoral head necrosis. Methods Clinical and imaging data about 10 patients(6 males and 4 females) with non-traumatic femoral head necrosis who underwent total hip arthroplasty in our hospital from 2011 to 2013 were retrospectively analyzed. Samples were taken from the healthy, sclerotic and necrosed regions of the patients. The following parameters were analyzed, including the bone mineral density(BMD), bone mineral content(BMC), bone surface/ bone volume(BS/BV) ratio, bone volume fraction(BVF), structure model index(SMI), number of trabecular plates, thickness of trabecular plate, and trabecular space. Results The spatial structure of trabecula was significantly changed in necrosed and sclerotic regions of femoral head. The trabecula was significantly thicker and the BVF was significantly higher in necrosed region than in healthy region(P0.05). No significant difference was found in the BMD, the number of trabecular plates, the thickness of trabecular plate, and the BS/BV ratio between the two groups(P0.05). The BMD and BMC, the BVF, and the thickness of trabecular plate were significantly lower while the trabecular space was significantly wider in necrosed region than in healthy region(P0.05). No significant difference was found in the thickness of trabecular plate and the BS/BV ratio between the two groups(P0.05). Conclusion The spatial structure and pathological features of trabecula are different in different necrosis regions of femoral head. The continuity of trabecula in necrosed region is disrupted, with its structure disarranged and thickened, the number of trabecular plates increased, and the trabecular space narrowed. However, the structure of trabecula is intact and its thickness is even in the healthy region.
Trabecula (gastropod)
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Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling period
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BMD is prescribed by the balance of bone resorption and osteogenesis. In osteoporosis, this balance collapses according to a certain cause, bone loss starts as a result because bone resorption exceeds osteogenesis. Since a bone turnover marker shows the bone metabolism at the time of measurement quantitatively, it is thought that the change in BMD is reflected. Therefore, it is in predicting bone reduction of the future and fast bone loser identifying is expected by measuring bone turnover markers. Reduction of bone density is large in high turnover of bone metabolism, and it is shown clearly by recent research that the risk of fracture goes up. There is the necessity for evaluation of the bone turnover markers which made fracture the end point also in Japan.
Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling period
Bone tissue
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Development of bone metabolism markers began about 35 years ago. Current by the osteoporosis and bone metabolism diseases diagnosis and treatment efficacy. In childhood and adolescence, bone formation and resorption were increased, but formation rate was exceeded resorption rate. To keep strength of bone, bone formation and resorption are balanced(remodeling)in the period of maturity, Bone mineral density greatly decreases and biochemical markers of bone turnover markedly increase in postmenopausal women, indicating accelerated bone remodeling because of estrogen withdrawal. On the other hand, pregnancy and breastfeeding affect bone metabolism. So, we gynecologists should be careful about bone health with understanding characteristic of bone metabolism markers.
Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling period
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corrugated steel bridge is a landfill type structure,live load calculation is similar to arch bridge and culvert,but they are not the same.To explore the influence of live load and internal force calculation of the corrugated steel structure,this paper references the calculation principle of arch bridge and culvert.The calculation principle of the corrugated steel structure live load calculation are summarized and inducted.Through the finite element numerical analysis to the structure,bending moment influence line is draw.Corrugated steel structure live load calculation formula and the bending moment calculation method under construction process are summarized.
Culvert
Structural load
Arch bridge
Bridge (graph theory)
Internal forces
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In tissue level turnover of bone cells, bone remodeling shows a sequential events of activation, resorption, reversal and formation. This may be observed as secondary osteons in the cortical bone and trabecular packets in the cancellous bone. Microcracks are repaired by targeted remodeling, and calcium is released by non-targeted remodeling. In macromodeling, a macroscopic size of a bone increases with growth, without changing its basic figure. In micromodelimg, a shift of trabecula, a minishift, is biomechnically controlled. New lamellar bone is added parallel to compressive and tensile force, and bone resorption occurs at the opposite surface of formation. In minimodeling new lamellar bone is formed with a sequence of activation, then directly formation, without scalloping at the cement line between newly formed bone and its basic bone.
Bone remodeling
Bone remodeling period
Cancellous bone
Bone cell
Bone Formation
Trabecula (gastropod)
Metabolic bone disease
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