From attention to citation: What are altmetrics and how do they work?
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Abstract:
Scholarly and social impacts of scientific publications could be measured by various metrics, including article usage, Mendeley readership and Altmetric scores, etc. But what is the relationship amongst the different metrics? Previous studies show there is low correlation between altmetrics and citation, but how do altmetrics compare to other metrics? Xianwen Wang and his colleagues recently conducted a study to answer this question.Keywords:
Altmetrics
Audience measurement
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This is the abstract submitted (and accepted) for the Altmetrics14 Workshop of the ACM Web Science Conference, to be held in Bloomington Indiana, June 23, 2014.
Objective
The purpose of this study was to do a first exploration of the penetration of altmetrics in the context of an emerging country, namely Brazil. More specifically, it was to determine the viability of altmetrics approaches in such a context, and to eventually determine if the relationships established by previous studies continued to hold true.
iMore broadly, it was also to open a conversation on the generalizability of altmetrics beyond the well-established, high-impact, natural and life science journals.
This work therefore seeks to contribute to the body of literature of the biblio- metrics and altmetrics communities by exploring previously used methodologies and determining the universality of some of the existing claims.
Altmetrics
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This article provides an introduction to the use of altmetrics as a tool to assess research impact. In particular, it looks at the evidence behind claims that altmetrics allow the impact of research to be measured in days rather than years. Low correlations between altmetrics and article citations make it doubtful that altmetrics can reliably predict future citations. In addition, there are good reasons to qualify statements that altmetrics measure the wider impact of research on society. Librarians should be careful not to overstate the value of altmetrics when recommending their use as a complement to more traditional measures of research quality.
Altmetrics
Complement
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While the impact of article citations has been examined for decades, the “altmetrics” movement has exploded in the past year. Altmetrics tracks the activity on the Social Web and looks at research outputs besides research articles. Publishers of scientific research have enabled altmetrics on their articles, open source applications are available for platforms to display altmetrics on scientific research, and subscription models have been created that provide altmetrics. In the future, altmetrics will be used to help identify the broader impact of research and to quickly identify high-impact research.
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Citizen Science
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Altmetrics
Impact factor
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Purpose Alternative metrics (altmetrics) are non-traditional metrics to measure the social impact of research results, which were unable to be assessed by the previous methods, by calculating how research results are reflected in various social media. The purpose of this paper is to measure and compare the impact of Korean study results in four fields that were published in international journals using altmetrics. Design/methodology/approach This study analysed the impact of 383 Korean research articles published by international journals in the field of medical science, engineering, social science and arts and humanities through altmetrics and compared it with bibliometrics. Findings As a result, the frequency of research articles which are “discussed” through social media such as Twitter was shown to be highest in the medical science than in other fields. In addition, the frequency of research articles which were “saved” through reference management tool such as Mendeley was shown to be higher in the social science and the arts and humanities than in other fields. Furthermore, as a result of a correlation analysis between altmetrics and bibliometrics, it is found that there exists a positive correlation between the number of articles which were “saved” in Mendeley and “cited” in follow-up studies. Originality/value This study examined the impact of the articles originating in non-English-speaking nations; it could be referred by other non-English-speaking nations that are trying to identify invisible impact of their research output on global society. By finding the academic field which are receiving special attention from global community using altmetrics, researchers could prospect country’s overall research impact and utilize it to make a future R&D plan.
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Value (mathematics)
Social impact
Positive correlation
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The purpose of this study is to examine the altmetrics of academic papers highly cited in the social sciences and to assess whether the altmetrics show any correlation with the citations and open access status. To accomplish this goal, 638 highly cited articles from SCOPUS were extracted and PlumX metrics were used to measure the altmetrics (views, readers, blogs, Wikis, and Tweets). Then, the relationship among altmetrics, citation rates, and open access status was analyzed through Spearman correlation analysis and the Mann–Whitney test. In addition, with corresponding analysis, this study identified and visualized the differences in altmetrics between 10 social science sub-disciplines. As a result, the papers in the social sciences have greater than one altmetrics presence in greater than 30% of all altmetrics sources. In detail, greater than 90% of the papers had one or more readers in Mendeley, and 50% of the papers had one or more references in Wiki. There was also a strong correlation between the numbers of citations and readers, and open access papers showed a higher altmetrics presence than those that were closed. In terms of differences between disciplines, many psychology articles were registered as a reference on Wiki; many articles in the fields of humanity, society, and politics were drawn to popular discussions through Tweets; and the education field had the highest number of Mendeley readers. This study traced the social influence of highly cited papers in the social sciences that had not been understood before and then statistically interpreted the differences in social impact among the 10 social science disciplines.
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The article-level metrics (ALMs) or altmetrics becomes a new trendsetter in recent times for measuring the impact of scientific publications and their social outreach to intended audiences. The popular social networks such as Facebook, Twitter, and Linkedin and social bookmarks such as Mendeley and CiteULike are nowadays widely used for communicating research to larger transnational audiences. In 2012, the San Francisco Declaration on Research Assessment got signed by the scientific and researchers communities across the world. This declaration has given preference to the ALM or altmetrics over traditional but faulty journal impact factor (JIF)-based assessment of career scientists. JIF does not consider impact or influence beyond citations count as this count reflected only through Thomson Reuters' Web of Science database. Furthermore, JIF provides indicator related to the journal, but not related to a published paper. Thus, altmetrics now becomes an alternative metrics for performance assessment of individual scientists and their contributed scholarly publications. This paper provides a glimpse of genesis of altmetrics in measuring efficacy of scholarly communications and highlights available altmetric tools and social platforms linking altmetric tools, which are widely used in deriving altmetric scores of scholarly publications. The paper thus argues for institutions and policy makers to pay more attention to altmetrics based indicators for evaluation purpose but cautions that proper safeguards and validations are needed before their adoption.
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Outreach
Declaration
Impact factor
Scholarly Communication
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We present a case study of articles published in 30 journals from Economics and Business Studies (EBS) by using social media metrics from Altmetric.com. Our results confirm that altmetric information is significantly better present for recent articles. The Top 3 most used altmetric sources in EBS-journals are Mendeley, Twitter, and News. Low but positive correlations (r=0.2991) are identified between citation counts and Altmetric Scores on article level but they increase on journal level (r=0.614). However, articles from highly cited journals do neither receive high online attention nor are they better represented on social media.
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Altmetrics
Openness to experience
Impact factor
Citation analysis
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This explorative case study uses ImpactStory and Webometric Analyst to download altmetric indicators for publications of institutes of the multidisciplinary Leibniz Association. The analysis shows that Mendeley is most heavily used across disciplines, that further social media is preferred by different disciplines, and that altmetrics can complement traditional measures of research impact (e.g., citation counts) where data is sparse. Lessons learned of altmetrics studies which may assist others when faced with similar questions regarding usefulness of altmetrics for research evaluation are also presented. Keywords : altmetrics, research evaluation, social media, scholarly communication.
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